{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T20:43:31Z","timestamp":1785789811441,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,18]],"date-time":"2019-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016M3C7A1913844"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016M3C7A1913844"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2015R1C1A2A01053281"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015R1C1A2A01053281"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017R1A2B2005081"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017R1A2B2005081"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Aging Neurosci."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,18]],"date-time":"2019-06-18T01:24:24Z","timestamp":1560821064000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Distinct Brain Regions in Physiological and Pathological Brain Aging"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Jin San","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu Hyun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seongbeom","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uicheul","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeongsim","family":"Choe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo Kyoung","family":"Cheon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Hahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soo Hyun","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung Joo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun Pyo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young Hee","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Key-Chung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hee Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyemin","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duk L.","family":"Na","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Won","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2010.25.7.1071","article-title":"Seoul neuropsychological screening battery-dementia version (SNSB-D): a useful tool for assessing and monitoring cognitive impairments in dementia patients.","volume":"25","author":"Ahn","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Korean Med. Sci."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2010.03.006","article-title":"Clinical core of the Alzheimer\u2019s disease neuroimaging initiative: progress and plans.","volume":"6","author":"Aisen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.008","article-title":"The diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer\u2019s disease: recommendations from the national institute on aging-Alzheimer\u2019s association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"7","author":"Albert","year":"2011","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.07.215","article-title":"Neuropathologic, genetic, and longitudinal cognitive profiles in primary age-related tauopathy (PART) and Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"15","author":"Bell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"B5","author":"Blazer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cognitive Aging: Progress in Understanding and Opportunities for Action."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e318232a379","article-title":"Stages of the pathologic process in Alzheimer disease: age categories from 1 to 100 years.","volume":"70","author":"Braak","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl004","article-title":"The precuneus: a review of its functional anatomy and behavioural correlates.","volume":"129","author":"Cavanna","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1921.e9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2013.01.004","article-title":"Longitudinal changes of cortical thickness in early- versus late-onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"34","author":"Cho","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-199403000-00005","article-title":"Automatic 3D intersubject registration of MR volumetric data in standardized Talairach space.","volume":"18","author":"Collins","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/s0197-4580(99)00107-4","article-title":"Atrophy of the medial occipitotemporal, inferior, and middle temporal gyri in non-demented elderly predict decline to Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"21","author":"Convit","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"828.e19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2011.06.024","article-title":"Functional connectivity tracks clinical deterioration in Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"33","author":"Damoiseaux","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl377","article-title":"The topography of grey matter involvement in early and late onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"130","author":"Frisoni","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4637","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0308627101","article-title":"Default-mode network activity distinguishes Alzheimer\u2019s disease from healthy aging: evidence from functional MRI.","volume":"101","author":"Greicius","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1038\/77754","article-title":"The dynamics of object-selective activation correlate with recognition performance in humans.","volume":"3","author":"Grill-Spector","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2007.08.006","article-title":"Core candidate neurochemical and imaging biomarkers of Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"4","author":"Hampel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2006.09.002","article-title":"The role of acetylcholine in learning and memory.","volume":"16","author":"Hasselmo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.11.042","article-title":"Gender difference analysis of cortical thickness in healthy young adults with surface-based methods.","volume":"31","author":"Im","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp062","article-title":"Serial PIB and MRI in normal, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: implications for sequence of pathological events in Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","author":"Jack","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.49.3.786","article-title":"Medial temporal atrophy on MRI in normal aging and very mild Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"49","author":"Jack","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-018-1894-z","article-title":"Different patterns of hippocampal tau pathology in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and PART.","volume":"136","author":"Jellinger","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2014.01.001","article-title":"A conceptual framework for research on subjective cognitive decline in preclinical Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"10","author":"Jessen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.08.010","article-title":"Classifying anatomical subtypes of subjective memory impairment.","volume":"48","author":"Jung","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/s0010-9452(08)70887-6","article-title":"A pet study of visual and semantic knowledge about objects.","volume":"41","author":"Kellenbach","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(200004)47:4<430::aid-ana5>3.3.co;2-9","article-title":"Use of structural magnetic resonance imaging to predict who will get Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"47","author":"Killiany","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1790","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh539","article-title":"Glucose metabolism in early onset versus late onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease: an SPM analysis of 120 patients.","author":"Kim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.03.036","article-title":"Automated 3-D extraction and evaluation of the inner and outer cortical surfaces using a laplacian map and partial volume effect classification.","volume":"27","author":"Kim","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20009","article-title":"Imaging brain amyloid in Alzheimer\u2019s disease with Pittsburgh Compound-B.","volume":"55","author":"Klunk","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-170537","article-title":"Trajectories of physiological brain aging and related factors in people aged from 20 to over-80.","volume":"65","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers. Dis."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep24284","article-title":"Combined effects of physical exercise and education on age-related cortical thinning in cognitively normal individuals.","volume":"6","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.07.045","article-title":"Cortical thickness analysis examined through power analysis and a population simulation.","volume":"24","author":"Lerch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.10.041","article-title":"An unbiased iterative group registration template for cortical surface analysis.","volume":"34","author":"Lyttelton","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.56","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"1","author":"Masters","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2018.05.011","article-title":"Hallmarks of brain aging: adaptive and pathological modification by metabolic states.","volume":"27","author":"Mattson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.005","article-title":"The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer\u2019s disease: recommendations from the national institute on aging-Alzheimer\u2019s association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"7","author":"McKhann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-142322","article-title":"Cortical thinning in individuals with subjective memory impairment.","volume":"45","author":"Meiberth","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12331","article-title":"Pathophysiology of hypoperfusion of the precuneus in early Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"26","author":"Miners","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Pathol."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.58.3.397","article-title":"Mild cognitive impairment represents early-stage Alzheimer disease.","volume":"58","author":"Morris","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2015.10.009","article-title":"Brain pathologies in extreme old age.","volume":"37","author":"Neltner","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4421","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22927","article-title":"Atrophy patterns in early clinical stages across distinct phenotypes of Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"36","author":"Ossenkoppele","year":"","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1939","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.4669","article-title":"Prevalence of amyloid PET positivity in dementia syndromes: a meta-analysis.","volume":"313","author":"Ossenkoppele","year":"","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2013.05.1764","article-title":"Gray matter atrophy pattern in elderly with subjective memory impairment.","volume":"10","author":"Peter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2004.01388.x","article-title":"Mild cognitive impairment as a diagnostic entity.","volume":"256","author":"Petersen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-clinpsy-032816-045136","article-title":"Subjective cognitive decline in preclinical Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"13","author":"Rabin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Clin. Psychol."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S63","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-150154","article-title":"Subjective cognitive decline in older adults: an overview of self-report measures used across 19 international research Studies.","author":"Rabin","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4703","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.052587399","article-title":"Mapping the evolution of regional atrophy in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: unbiased analysis of fluid-registered serial MRI.","volume":"99","author":"Scahill","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.3233\/jad-2011-101782","article-title":"Synaptic loss in the inferior temporal gyrus in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"24","author":"Scheff","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(15)01124-1","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"388","author":"Scheltens","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dadm.2014.11.010","article-title":"Subjective memory complaints, cortical thinning, and cognitive dysfunction in middle-aged adults at risk for AD.","volume":"1","author":"Schultz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2249","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/121.12.2249","article-title":"Trajectories of cholinergic pathways within the cerebral hemispheres of the human brain.","author":"Selden","year":"1998","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.07.001","article-title":"White matter imaging changes in subjective and mild cognitive impairment.","author":"Selnes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6569.2008.00292.x","article-title":"Subcortical vascular versus amnestic mild cognitive impairment: comparison of cerebral glucose metabolism.","volume":"19","author":"Seo","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neuroimaging"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2009.02.004","article-title":"Effects of demographic factors on cortical thickness in Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"32","author":"Seo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2885","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl256","article-title":"Spatial patterns of cortical thinning in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","author":"Singh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1109\/42.668698","article-title":"A nonparametric method for automatic correction of intensity nonuniformity in MRI data.","volume":"17","author":"Sled","year":"1998","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.10062","article-title":"Fast robust automated brain extraction.","volume":"17","author":"Smith","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.003","article-title":"Toward defining the preclinical stages of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: recommendations from the national institute on aging-Alzheimer\u2019s association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"7","author":"Sperling","year":"2011","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.07.003","article-title":"Amyloid deposition is associated with impaired default network function in older persons without dementia.","volume":"63","author":"Sperling","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1017\/s1355617702813248","article-title":"What is cognitive reserve? Theory and research application of the reserve concept.","volume":"8","author":"Stern","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2012.05.023","article-title":"Vascular dementia: different forms of vessel disorders contribute to the development of dementia in the elderly brain.","volume":"47","author":"Thal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/s0197-4580(00)00238-4","article-title":"Hippocampal volume discriminates between normal cognition; questionable and mild dementia in the elderly.","volume":"22","author":"Wolf","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1017\/s1041610212002001","article-title":"Effects of education on the progression of early- versus late-stage mild cognitive impairment.","volume":"25","author":"Ye","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. Psychogeriatr."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00147\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,18]],"date-time":"2019-06-18T01:24:30Z","timestamp":1560821070000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00147\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,18]]},"references-count":61,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00147"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00147","relation":{},"ISSN":["1663-4365"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1663-4365","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,18]]},"article-number":"147"}}