{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T04:00:01Z","timestamp":1781236801041,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,13]],"date-time":"2021-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Aging Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Purpose<\/jats:bold>: Imaging of the choroid may detect the microvascular changes associated with early-onset dementia (EOD) and may represent an indicator for detection of the disease. We aimed to analyze the <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> choriocapillaris (CC) flow density in EOD patients using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and evaluate the association with its clinical measures.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods<\/jats:bold>: This cross-sectional study used the OCTA to image and analyze the choriocapillaris (CC) of 25 EOD patients and 20 healthy controls. Choriocapillaris flow density in the 3 mm area and 6 mm area was measured by an inbuilt algorithm in the OCT tool. Brain volume using magnetic resonance imaging and cognitive assessment was done and recorded.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>: Significantly reduced capillary flow density of the choriocapillaris was seen in EOD patients when compared to healthy controls in the 3.0 mm (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001) and 6.0 mm (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001) area respectively. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores in EOD patients positively correlated with choriocapillaris flow density in the 3 mm area (Rho = 0.466, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.021). Disease duration of EOD patients also negatively correlated with choriocapillaris density in the 3 mm area (Rho = \u22120.497, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.008).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Discussion<\/jats:bold>: Our report suggests that choriocapillaris damage may be a potential indicator of early-onset dementia. Microvascular impairment may be involved in the early phase of dementia without aging playing a role in its impairment.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Clinical Trial Registration<\/jats:bold>: <jats:ext-link>www.ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>, ChiCTR2000041386.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.656750","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,13]],"date-time":"2021-04-13T04:20:34Z","timestamp":1618287634000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Choriocapillaris Changes Are Correlated With Disease Duration and MoCA Score in Early-Onset Dementia"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Shuting","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William Robert","family":"Kwapong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingzhang","family":"Tuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yajun","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1177\/0284185118795327","article-title":"Standardization of hippocampus volumetry using automated brain structure volumetry tool for an initial Alzheimer\u2019s disease imaging biomarker","volume":"60","author":"Abrigo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Radiol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7291257","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7291257","article-title":"Choroidal thickness in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s type dementia","volume":"2016","author":"Bulut","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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