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These amyloids need not be toxic and can help regulate bile secretion, synaptic plasticity, and immune defense. Moreover, when they do form toxic aggregates, amyloids typically harm not just patients but their pathogens too. A major port of entry for pathogens is the gut. Keeping the gut\u2019s microbe community (microbiota) healthy and under control requires that our cells\u2019 main energy producers (mitochondria) support the gut-blood barrier and immune system. As we age, these mitochondria eventually succumb to the corrosive byproducts they themselves release, our defenses break down, pathogens or their toxins break through, and the side effects of inflammation and amyloid aggregation become problematic. Although it gets most of the attention, local amyloid aggregation in the brain merely points to a bigger problem: the systemic breakdown of the entire human superorganism, exemplified by an interaction turning bad between mitochondria and microbiota.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.776936","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]],"date-time":"2021-12-23T15:05:30Z","timestamp":1640271930000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Mitochondria-Microbiota Interaction in Neurodegeneration"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Peter","family":"Kramer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2018.12.005","article-title":"Exercise and probiotics attenuate the development of Alzheimer\u2019s disease in transgenic mice: Role of microbiome.","volume":"115","author":"Abraham","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. 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