{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T10:27:48Z","timestamp":1793874468537,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]],"date-time":"2022-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646265600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2021-R1C1C100498611"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2021-R1C1C100498611"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2018-R1C1B5083040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2018-R1C1B5083040"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Aging Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite the numerous studies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), data regarding the impact of pre-existing diagnoses of Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) and Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) on the susceptibility to and outcome of COVID-19 are limited. We aimed to determine whether patients with AD\/PD had a higher likelihood of contracting COVID-19 and experiencing worse outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data from patients with confirmed diagnoses of COVID-19 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 8,070) from January to June 2020 and control participants (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 121,050) who were randomly selected to match the patients on the basis of age and sex were extracted from the Korean National Health Insurance Database. Pre-existing diagnoses of AD and PD were identified based on medical claim codes. The associations of pre-existing AD or PD with contracting COVID-19, developing severe COVID-19 and dying due to COVID-19 were examined using a logistic regression model. The participants\u2019 age, sex, income, comorbidity score, and history of hypertension\/diabetes were assessed as covariates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>COVID-19 cases were more likely to have a pre-existing AD diagnosis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.79\u20132.50, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>-value &amp;lt; 0.001) than controls. COVID-19 cases were more likely to have a pre-existing PD diagnosis than controls, although this estimate did not quite reach statistical significance (aOR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.00\u20132.00, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>-value = 0.054). Pre-existing AD was related to severe disease and mortality from COVID-19 (aOR = 2.21, 95% CI = 1.64\u20132.98; aOR = 2.21, 95% CI = 1.00\u20132.00). Pre-existing PD was not associated with mortality (aOR = 1.54, 95% CI = 0.75\u20133.16) but was associated with severe disease (aOR = 2.89, 95% CI = 1.56\u20135.35).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found that COVID-19 infection was significantly associated with a pre-existing diagnosis of AD but not with a pre-existing diagnosis of PD. Patients with pre-existing AD had higher odds of developing severe COVID-19 and dying. Pre-existing PD was only associated with a higher odds of developing severe COVID-19.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.821235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,4]],"date-time":"2022-03-04T22:36:50Z","timestamp":1646433410000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The Association of Pre-existing Diagnoses of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease and Parkinson\u2019s Disease and Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection, Severity and Mortality: Results From the Korean National Health Insurance Database"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ji Hee","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In Bok","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoo Hwan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chan Yang","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dae Myoung","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyo Geun","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28185","article-title":"The possible protective role of \u03b1\u2212Synuclein against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infections in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"35","author":"Ait Wahmane","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mov. 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