{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:19:31Z","timestamp":1787026771782,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,10]],"date-time":"2022-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665360000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101-CX000146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101-CX000146"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Aging Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Spatial cognition deteriorates in Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD), but the neural substrates are not understood, despite the risk for future dementia. It is also unclear whether deteriorating spatial cognition relates to changes in other cognitive domains or contributes to motor dysfunction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to identify functional connectivity abnormalities in cognitively normal PD (PDCN) in regions that support spatial cognition to determine their relationship to interfacing cognitive functions and motor disability, and to determine if they predict cognitive and motor progression 2 years later in a PDCN subsample.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty-three PDCN and 43 controls underwent functional MRI while judging whether pictures, rotated at various angles, depicted the left or right hand. The task activates systems that respond to increases in rotation angle, a proxy for visuospatial difficulty. Angle-modulated functional connectivity was analyzed for frontal cortex, posterior cortex, and basal ganglia regions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two aberrant connectivity patterns were found in PDCN, which were condensed into principal components that characterized the strength and topology of angle-modulated connectivity. One topology related to a marked failure to amplify frontal, posterior, and basal ganglia connectivity with other brain areas as visuospatial demands increased, unlike the control group (control features). Another topology related to functional reorganization whereby regional connectivity was strengthened with brain areas not recruited by the control group (PDCN features). Functional topologies correlated with diverse cognitive domains at baseline, underscoring their influences on spatial cognition. In PDCN, expression of topologies that were control features predicted greater cognitive progression longitudinally, suggesting inefficient communications within circuitry normally recruited to handle spatial demands. Conversely, stronger expression of topologies that were PDCN features predicted less longitudinal cognitive decline, suggesting functional reorganization was compensatory. Parieto-occipital topologies (control features) had different prognostic implications for longitudinal changes in motor disability. Expression of one topology predicted less motor decline, whereas expression of another predicted increased postural instability and gait disturbance (PIGD) feature severity. Concurrently, greater longitudinal decline in spatial cognition predicted greater motor and PIGD feature progression, suggesting deterioration in shared substrates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These novel discoveries elucidate functional mechanisms of visuospatial cognition in PDCN, which foreshadow future cognitive and motor disability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.987225","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,10]],"date-time":"2022-10-10T01:43:37Z","timestamp":1665366217000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Functional topologies of spatial cognition predict cognitive and motor progression in Parkinson\u2019s"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Deborah L.","family":"Harrington","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangyu","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Litvan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingxiong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland R.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa5417","article-title":"Neurophysiology. decoding motor imagery from the posterior parietal cortex of a tetraplegic human.","volume":"348","author":"Aflalo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.08.028","article-title":"Intention, action planning, and decision making in parietal-frontal circuits.","volume":"63","author":"Andersen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2011.10.001","article-title":"The neurobiology of semantic memory.","volume":"15","author":"Binder","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.11.013","article-title":"The virtual reality of Parkinson\u2019s disease freezing of gait: A systematic review.","volume":"61","author":"Bluett","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat. Disord."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25430","article-title":"Cholinergic system changes of falls and freezing of gait in Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"85","author":"Bohnen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00377-X","article-title":"Cholinergic system changes in parkinson\u2019s disease: Emerging therapeutic approaches.","volume":"21","author":"Bohnen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhu205","article-title":"Bodies are represented as wholes rather than their sum of parts in the occipital-temporal cortex.","volume":"26","author":"Brandman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00132.2012","article-title":"The role of the right presupplementary motor area in stopping action: Two studies with event-related transcranial magnetic stimulation.","volume":"108","author":"Cai","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl004","article-title":"The precuneus: A review of its functional anatomy and behavioural correlates.","volume":"129","author":"Cavanna","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1650","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000010347","article-title":"Factor analysis-derived cognitive profile predicting early dementia conversion in PD.","volume":"95","author":"Chung","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4203","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-021-10529-2","article-title":"Baseline cognitive profile is closely associated with long-term motor prognosis in newly diagnosed Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"268","author":"Chung","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.24496","article-title":"Where is the \u201cwhere\u201d in the brain? A meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies on spatial cognition.","volume":"40","author":"Cona","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2017.06.002","article-title":"The role of dorsal premotor cortex in mental rotation: A transcranial magnetic stimulation study.","volume":"116","author":"Cona","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Cogn."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2894","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1376-14.2016","article-title":"Different roles of direct and indirect frontoparietal pathways for individual working memory capacity.","volume":"36","author":"Ekman","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2021.05.003","article-title":"A subcortical network for implicit visuo-spatial attention: Implications for parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"141","author":"Esposito","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.09.023","article-title":"Freezing of gait subtypes have different cognitive correlates in Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"20","author":"Factor","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat. Disord."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25633","article-title":"Volumetric correlates of cognitive functioning in nondemented patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"29","author":"Filoteo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617717000583","article-title":"Structural brain correlations of visuospatial and visuoperceptual tests in parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"24","author":"Garcia-Diaz","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1016\/s0959-4388(02)00382-3","article-title":"Cognitive motor control: Spatial and temporal aspects.","volume":"12","author":"Georgopoulos","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3832","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhab052","article-title":"Cortical networks underpinning compensation of verbal fluency in normal aging.","volume":"31","author":"Gonzalez-Burgos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2015.06.006","article-title":"Contrasting network and modular perspectives on inhibitory control.","volume":"19","author":"Hampshire","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.brain.a101870","article-title":"Sequencing in Parkinson\u2019s disease: Abnormalities in programming and controlling movement.","volume":"114","author":"Harrington","year":"1991","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1163\/22134468-00002025","article-title":"Dissociation of neural mechanisms for intersensory timing deficits in parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"2","author":"Harrington","year":"2014","journal-title":"Timing Time Percept."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.727057","article-title":"Semantic recollection in parkinson\u2019s disease: Functional reconfiguration and MAPT variants.","volume":"13","author":"Harrington","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2018.00331","article-title":"Altered functional interactions of inhibition regions in cognitively normal parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"10","author":"Harrington","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.24868","article-title":"Abnormal distraction and load-specific connectivity during working memory in cognitively normal Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"41","author":"Harrington","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2007.02.024","article-title":"Cerebral compensation during motor imagery in Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"45","author":"Helmich","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3227","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22397","article-title":"Functional neuroimaging of motor control in Parkinson\u2019s disease: A meta-analysis.","volume":"35","author":"Herz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.13876","article-title":"Direct and indirect pathways for choosing objects and actions.","volume":"49","author":"Hikosaka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.4261","article-title":"Mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson\u2019s disease and its progression onto dementia: A 16-year outcome evaluation of the Denbighshire cohort.","volume":"30","author":"Hobson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2014.09.001","article-title":"Differing contributions of inferior prefrontal and anterior temporal cortex to concrete and abstract conceptual knowledge.","volume":"63","author":"Hoffman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2013.11.017","article-title":"Subjective cognitive decline predicts future deterioration in cognitively normal patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"35","author":"Hong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.731332","article-title":"Gait-related brain activation during motor imagery of complex and simple ambulation in parkinson\u2019s disease with freezing of gait.","volume":"13","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1886","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20979","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s disease and healthy aging: Independent and interacting effects on action selection.","volume":"31","author":"Hughes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1159\/000323570","article-title":"Longitudinal changes in cognition in Parkinson\u2019s disease with and without dementia.","volume":"31","author":"Johnson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7837","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3147-12.2013","article-title":"Revisiting the functional specialization of left inferior frontal gyrus in phonological and semantic fluency: The crucial role of task demands and individual ability.","volume":"33","author":"Katzev","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2015.04.002","article-title":"Association of cognitive domains with postural instability\/gait disturbance in Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"21","author":"Kelly","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat. Disord."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2012.10.011","article-title":"The ventral visual pathway: An expanded neural framework for the processing of object quality.","volume":"17","author":"Kravitz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2015.03.006","article-title":"The lateral occipitotemporal cortex in action.","volume":"19","author":"Lingnau","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.24893","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson\u2019s disease: Movement Disorder Society Task Force guidelines.","volume":"27","author":"Litvan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.03.068","article-title":"A generalized form of context-dependent psychophysiological interactions (gPPI): A comparison to standard approaches.","volume":"61","author":"McLaren","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-61937-9","article-title":"Performing the hand laterality judgement task does not necessarily require motor imagery.","volume":"10","author":"Mibu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1515\/revneuro-2015-0070","article-title":"Interrelations between cognitive dysfunction and motor symptoms of Parkinson\u2019s disease: Behavioral and neural studies.","volume":"27","author":"Moustafa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12167","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0343-17.2017","article-title":"Working memory and decision-making in a frontoparietal circuit model.","volume":"37","author":"Murray","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2021.615584","article-title":"Age-related differences in strategy in the hand mental rotation task.","volume":"15","author":"Nagashima","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Hum Neurosci."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2012.07.007","article-title":"Deficits in visuospatial processing contribute to quantitative measures of freezing of gait in Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"221","author":"Nantel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2743","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awu201","article-title":"Genetic impact on cognition and brain function in newly diagnosed Parkinson\u2019s disease: ICICLE-PD study.","volume":"137","author":"Nombela","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-020-02248-1","article-title":"Individual changes in visual performance in non-demented Parkinson\u2019s disease patients: A 1-year follow-up study.","volume":"127","author":"Ohdake","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neural. Transm."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.07.034","article-title":"Differential effect of double-pulse TMS applied to dorsal premotor cortex and precuneus during internal operation of visuospatial information.","volume":"49","author":"Oshio","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa461","article-title":"Sequence of clinical and neurodegeneration events in Parkinson\u2019s disease progression.","volume":"144","author":"Oxtoby","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25997","article-title":"Onset of Huntington\u2019s disease: Can it be purely cognitive?","volume":"29","author":"Paulsen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2016.150","article-title":"The neural and computational bases of semantic cognition.","volume":"18","author":"Ralph","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3338","article-title":"Two cortical systems for memory-guided behaviour.","volume":"13","author":"Ranganath","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-014-9270-9","article-title":"How does it STAC up? Revisiting the scaffolding theory of aging and cognition.","volume":"24","author":"Reuter-Lorenz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropsychol. Rev."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2010.00144","article-title":"Connectivity analysis is essential to understand neurological disorders.","volume":"4","author":"Rowe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Front. Syst. Neurosci."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf036","article-title":"Attention to action in Parkinson\u2019s disease: Impaired effective connectivity among frontal cortical regions.","volume":"125","author":"Rowe","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1037\/neu0000330","article-title":"Shared and unique influences on age-related cognitive change.","volume":"31","author":"Salthouse","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuropsychology"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2505","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-019-05608-w","article-title":"Mental representation of the body in action in Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"237","author":"Scarpina","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.24467","article-title":"Gradual acquisition of visuospatial associative memory representations via the dorsal precuneus.","volume":"40","author":"Schott","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.09.020","article-title":"Disentangling common and specific neural subprocesses of response inhibition.","volume":"64","author":"Sebastian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00041.2014","article-title":"Scaling and coordination deficits during dynamic object manipulation in Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"112","author":"Snider","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awq324","article-title":"Gait-related cerebral alterations in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease with freezing of gait.","volume":"134","author":"Snijders","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD-212776","article-title":"Impaired inhibitory control during walking in parkinson\u2019s disease patients: An EEG Study.","volume":"12","author":"Sosnik","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Parkinsons Dis."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25383","article-title":"How to identify tremor dominant and postural instability\/gait difficulty groups with the movement disorder society unified Parkinson\u2019s disease rating scale: Comparison with the unified Parkinson\u2019s disease rating scale.","volume":"28","author":"Stebbins","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.08.065","article-title":"Functional topography of the cerebellum for motor and cognitive tasks: An fMRI study.","volume":"59","author":"Stoodley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD-140498","article-title":"Specific attentional disorders and freezing of gait in parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"5","author":"Tard","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Parkinsons Dis."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-010-2235-1","article-title":"Mental rotation task of hands: Differential influence number of rotational axes.","volume":"203","author":"ter Horst","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8142","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1319-17.2017","article-title":"A role for the left angular gyrus in episodic simulation and memory.","volume":"37","author":"Thakral","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3249","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhv171","article-title":"High-resolution functional connectivity density: Hub locations, sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility, and reliability.","volume":"26","author":"Tomasi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2649","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23429","article-title":"Systematic review of levodopa dose equivalency reporting in Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"25","author":"Tomlinson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000179","article-title":"Coupled cognitive changes in adulthood: A meta-analysis.","volume":"145","author":"Tucker-Drob","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychol. Bull."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2012.03.009","article-title":"Differential prefrontal and frontotemporal oxygenation patterns during phonemic and semantic verbal fluency.","volume":"50","author":"Tupak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2021.10.015","article-title":"Executive function and dopamine response in Parkinson\u2019s disease freezing of gait.","volume":"92","author":"Turner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat. Disord."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9546","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0335-12.2012","article-title":"Compensatory activity in the extrastriate body area of Parkinson\u2019s disease patients.","volume":"32","author":"van Nuenen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2008.01.004","article-title":"Memory retrieval and the parietal cortex: A review of evidence from a dual-process perspective.","volume":"46","author":"Vilberg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2827","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aww175","article-title":"Visual dysfunction in Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"139","author":"Weil","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2013-305277","article-title":"The CamPaIGN study of Parkinson\u2019s disease: 10-year outlook in an incident population-based cohort.","volume":"84","author":"Williams-Gray","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2394","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awq151","article-title":"Neural correlates of bimanual anti-phase and in-phase movements in Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"133","author":"Wu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21720","article-title":"The role of executive function and attention in gait.","volume":"23","author":"Yogev-Seligmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2008.20013","article-title":"Neuroimaging studies of mental rotation: A meta-analysis and review.","volume":"20","author":"Zacks","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Cogn. Neurosci."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22993","article-title":"A new rating instrument to assess festination and freezing gait in Parkinsonian patients.","volume":"25","author":"Ziegler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnagi.2022.987225\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,10]],"date-time":"2022-10-10T01:43:42Z","timestamp":1665366222000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnagi.2022.987225\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,10]]},"references-count":81,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fnagi.2022.987225"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnagi.2022.987225","relation":{},"ISSN":["1663-4365"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1663-4365","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,10]]},"article-number":"987225"}}