{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T01:02:30Z","timestamp":1792458150537,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]],"date-time":"2024-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Aging Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Numerous studies have reported alterations in the composition of gut microbiota in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), with changes becoming more pronounced as the disease progresses. However, the association between the progression of transient ischemic attack (TIA) and AIS remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the microbial differences among TIA, AIS, and healthy controls (HC) while exploring the associations between disease progression and gut microbiota.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fecal samples were collected from acute TIA patients (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200928), AIS patients (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009235), and healthy controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200975) and analyzed using 16\u2009s rRNA gene sequencing. We determined characteristic microbiota through linear discriminant analysis effect size and used the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to assess their predictive value as diagnostic biomarkers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results showed significant gut microbial differences among the TIA, AIS, and HC groups. Patients with AIS exhibited higher abundances of <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Streptococcus,<\/jats:italic> along with lower abundances of <jats:italic>Butyricicoccaceae<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Lachnospiraceae<\/jats:italic>_UCG-004. Further analysis revealed that the abundance of characteristic bacteria, such as <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic>, was negatively correlated with HDL levels, while <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> was positively correlated with risk factors such as homocysteine (Hcy). In contrast, the abundance of <jats:italic>Lachnospiraceae<\/jats:italic>_UCG-004 was negatively correlated with both Hcy and D-dimer levels. ROC models based on the characteristic bacteria <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic> effectively distinguished TIA from AIS, yielding areas under the curve of 0.699 and 0.626, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified distinct changes in gut bacteria associated with the progression from TIA to AIS and highlighted specific characteristic bacteria as predictive biomarkers. Overall, our findings may promote the development of microbiome-oriented diagnostic methods for the early detection of AIS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2024.1451968","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]],"date-time":"2024-11-08T06:10:14Z","timestamp":1731046214000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Specific gut microbiome signatures predict the risk of acute ischemic stroke"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Shicheng","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayu","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaojie","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiyao","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huijia","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3961","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2022.2137776","article-title":"Beneficial effects of butyrate on brain functions: a view of epigenetic","volume":"64","author":"Alpino","year":"2024","journal-title":"Crit. 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