{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T16:11:16Z","timestamp":1787847076397,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":136,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,21]],"date-time":"2024-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Aging Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Alzheimer\u2019s disease, the most common form of dementia among older adults, slowly destroys memory and thinking skills. In recent years, scientists have made tremendous progress in understanding Alzheimer\u2019s disease, still, they do not yet fully understand what causes the disease. This article proposes a novel etiology for Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Our hypothesis developed from a review of nuclear medicine scans, in which the authors observed a significant increase in nasal turbinate vasodilation and blood pooling in patients with hypertension, sleep apnea, diabetes and\/or obesity, all risk factors for Alzheimer\u2019s disease. The authors propose that nasal turbinate vasodilation and resultant blood pooling lead to the obstruction of normal nasal lymphatic clearance of cerebrospinal fluid and its waste products from the brain. The nasal turbinate vasodilation, due to increased\n                    <jats:italic>parasympathetic<\/jats:italic>\n                    activity, occurs alongside the well-established increased\n                    <jats:italic>sympathetic<\/jats:italic>\n                    activity of the cardiovascular system as seen in patients with hypertension. The increased parasympathetic activity is likely due to an autonomic imbalance secondary to the increase in worldwide consumption of highly processed food associated with dysregulation of the glucose regulatory system. The authors\u2019 hypothesis offers a novel mechanism and a new paradigm for the etiology of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and helps explain the rapid worldwide rise in the disease and other dementias which are expected to double in the next 20\u2009years. This new paradigm provides compelling evidence for the modulation of the parasympathetic nervous system as a novel treatment strategy for Alzheimer\u2019s disease and other degenerative brain diseases, specifically targeting nasal turbinate lymphatic flow.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2024.1482255","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,21]],"date-time":"2024-10-21T00:38:19Z","timestamp":1729471099000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Nasal lymphatic obstruction of CSF drainage as a possible cause of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and dementia"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"William Thomas","family":"Phillips","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joyce Gensberg","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-020-05293-3","article-title":"Brain control of blood glucose levels: implications for the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes","volume":"64","author":"Alonge","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"146","article-title":"Uber eine eingenartige Erkrankung der Hirnrinde","volume":"64","author":"Alzheimer","year":"1907","journal-title":"Allgemeine Zeitschrift Psychiatrie Psychisch-Gerichtliche Medizin"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2327","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(17)32399-1","article-title":"Why do so many clinical trials of therapies for Alzheimer's disease fail?","volume":"390","author":"Anderson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.61.5.661","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus and risk of Alzheimer disease and decline in cognitive function","volume":"61","author":"Arvanitakis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch. 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