{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T14:29:13Z","timestamp":1766068153840,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015401","name":"Key Research and Development Projects of Shaanxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022SF-022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022SF-022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015401","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Aging Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Plasma beta-amyloid (A\u03b2) are important biomarkers for Alzheimer\u2019s disease and cognitive impairment (CI), but results are controversial. It remains unclear whether hypertension modulates their relationship. This cross-sectional study investigates whether hypertension moderates the relationship between plasma A\u03b2 and cognitive impairment (CI).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This cross-sectional study included 1488 subjects \u2265 40 years from rural areas of northwestern China. CI was defined as a Mini-Mental State Examination score lower than the cutoff. Firstly, plasma A\u03b2<jats:sub>40<\/jats:sub>, A\u03b2<jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>, A\u03b2<jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>\/A\u03b2<jats:sub>40<\/jats:sub> were analyzed as restricted cubic spline. Then, categories of combined plasma A\u03b2 were created by making bisection of plasma A\u03b2 according to average and combining them as L-A\u03b2<jats:sub>40<\/jats:sub> and L-A\u03b2<jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>, H-A\u03b2<jats:sub>40<\/jats:sub> and L-A\u03b2<jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>, L-A\u03b2<jats:sub>40<\/jats:sub> and H-A\u03b2<jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>, H-A\u03b2<jats:sub>40<\/jats:sub> and H-A\u03b2<jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>. Decreased plasma A\u03b2<jats:sub>40<\/jats:sub> was defined as &amp;lt; 25th percentile. Multivariate logistic regression examined the relationship between plasma A\u03b2 and CI in total population, the hypertension subgroup and the non-hypertension subgroup.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>737 participants (49.5%) had hypertension and 189 participants (12.7%) had CI. Simultaneously elevated plasma A\u03b2<jats:sub>40<\/jats:sub> and A\u03b2<jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub> was associated with CI in hypertension (H-A\u03b2<jats:sub>40<\/jats:sub> and H-A\u03b2<jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub> vs. L-A\u03b2<jats:sub>40<\/jats:sub> and L-A\u03b2<jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>, 21.1% vs.10.7%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.033; OR = 1.984 [95% CI, 1.067\u20133.691], <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.030) but not in the non-hypertension. Decreased plasma A\u03b2<jats:sub>40<\/jats:sub> was associated with CI in the non-hypertension (14.9% vs. 9.2%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.026; OR = 1.728 [95% CI, 1.018\u20132.931], <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.043) but not in the hypertension.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hypertension is an important modulator in the relationship between plasma A\u03b2 and CI. Simultaneously elevated plasma A\u03b2<jats:sub>40<\/jats:sub> and A\u03b2<jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub> in the hypertension, and decreased plasma A\u03b2<jats:sub>40<\/jats:sub> in the non-hypertension, may be risk factors for CI. These findings emphasize the need to consider hypertension in CI detection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2025.1532676","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T06:42:30Z","timestamp":1738046550000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Hypertension moderates the relationship between plasma beta-amyloid and cognitive impairment: a cross-sectional study in Xi\u2019an, China"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Ziyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yaoli","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simeng","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liangjun","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Binyan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenhui","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kang","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ningwei","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiumin","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suhang","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.2119\/molmed.2008.00118","article-title":"High serum Abeta and vascular risk factors in first-degree relatives of Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients.","volume":"15","author":"Abdullah","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. 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