{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T15:11:58Z","timestamp":1793459518133,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":151,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]],"date-time":"2025-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755129600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Aging Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of this study was to explore and discuss efficient and effective mammalian models for Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD). In this study, efficient AD models are characterized by a small body size, a short lifespan, and rapid development of the main pathology including amyloid plaque formation. Effective AD models are expected to exhibit not only the main pathology, but also co-pathology associated with other neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Lewy body dementia), systemic disturbances such as disrupted central\u2013peripheral homeostasis, and sleep-circadian failures. This reflects recent findings indicating that AD is far more multifactorial than previously assumed. Although further investigation is required, non-human primates, particularly common marmosets (<jats:italic>Callithrix jacchus<\/jats:italic>), and dogs (<jats:italic>Canis lupus familiaris<\/jats:italic>) are candidates of promising and effective AD models. Tree shrews (<jats:italic>Tupaia belangeri<\/jats:italic>), guinea pigs (<jats:italic>Cavia porcellus<\/jats:italic>), and evolutionary related species including degus (<jats:italic>Octodon degus<\/jats:italic>) constitute an alternative group of AD models that remain underexplored but potentially efficient and effective. These mammalian models, together with hypothesis-driven mouse models and advances in data science technologies including omics and imaging analyses, may lead to breakthroughs in AD research, resulting in the development of effective prevention and treatment for AD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2025.1652754","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]],"date-time":"2025-08-14T05:35:45Z","timestamp":1755149745000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Exploring efficient and effective mammalian models for Alzheimer\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Mitsunori","family":"Kayano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1591(93)90013-F","article-title":"Sleep-wake cycles and other night-time behaviours of the domestic dog (Canis familiaris).","volume":"36","author":"Adams","year":"1993","journal-title":"Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.5625\/lar.2012.28.3.165","article-title":"Comparison of alpha-synuclein immunoreactivity in the spinal cord between the adult and aged beagle dog.","volume":"28","author":"Ahn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lab. Anim. Res."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-012-9873-8","article-title":"Comparison of alpha-synuclein immunoreactivity in the hippocampus between the adult and aged beagle dogs.","volume":"33","author":"Ahn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1538\/expanim.50.409","article-title":"The daily pattern of heart rate, body temperature, and locomotor activity in guinea pigs.","volume":"50","author":"Akita","year":"2001","journal-title":"Exp. Anim."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00130","article-title":"The gut\u2013brain axis in neurodegenerative diseases and relevance of the canine model: A review.","volume":"11","author":"Ambrosini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-26.1.129","article-title":"Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma with renal and hepatic metastases in a degu (Octodon degus).","volume":"26","author":"Anderson","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Wildl. Dis."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13835","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1201209109","article-title":"Postsynaptic dysfunction is associated with spatial and object recognition memory loss in a natural model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"109","author":"Ardiles","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2017.185","article-title":"Brain insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer disease: Concepts and conundrums.","volume":"14","author":"Arnold","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2013.11.020","article-title":"Aging, cortical injury and Alzheimer\u2019s disease-like pathology in the guinea pig brain.","volume":"35","author":"Bates","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2013.5847","article-title":"Amyloid-\u03b2 and tau: The trigger and bullet in Alzheimer disease pathogenesis.","volume":"71","author":"Bloom","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2019.12.006","article-title":"Sleep in the dog: comparative, behavioral and translational relevance.","volume":"33","author":"B\u00f3dizs","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8846","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-08691-7","article-title":"Light color importance for circadian entrainment in a diurnal (Octodon degus). and a nocturnal (Rattus norvegicus). rodent.","volume":"7","author":"Bonmati-Carrion","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S281","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD-191721","article-title":"Brain-first versus gut-first Parkinson\u2019s disease: a hypothesis.","volume":"9","author":"Borghammer","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Parkinsons Dis."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45831","DOI":"10.1038\/srep45831","article-title":"Lack of spontaneous age-related brain pathology in Octodon degus: A reappraisal of the model.","volume":"7","author":"Bourdenx","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000262031.18018.1a","article-title":"Blood\u2013brain barrier impairment in Alzheimer disease: Stability and functional significance.","volume":"68","author":"Bowman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263ra158","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3009759","article-title":"The gut microbiota influences blood\u2013brain barrier permeability in mice.","volume":"6","author":"Braniste","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"zsac106","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsac106","article-title":"Brain states in freely behaving marmosets.","volume":"45","author":"Bukhtiyarova","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.3298","article-title":"Sleep health: Can we define it? Does it matter?","volume":"37","author":"Buysse","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180098","article-title":"Role of blood\u2013brain barrier in Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"63","author":"Cai","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1159\/000335183","article-title":"Neuroinflammation and blood\u2013brain barrier changes in capillary amyloid angiopathy.","volume":"10","author":"Carrano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurodegener. Dis."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-020-00195-1","article-title":"Peripheral clearance of brain-derived A\u03b2 in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Pathophysiology and therapeutic perspectives.","volume":"9","author":"Cheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl. Neurodegener."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180729","article-title":"New insights into the spontaneous human Alzheimer\u2019s disease-like model Octodon degus: Unraveling amyloid-\u03b2 peptide aggregation and age-related amyloid pathology.","volume":"66","author":"Cisternas","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S567","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-179941","article-title":"The Amyloid-\u03b2 oligomer hypothesis: Beginning of the third decade.","volume":"64","author":"Cline","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S203","DOI":"10.1086\/514305","article-title":"Pathogenesis of experimental Ebola virus infection in guinea pigs.","volume":"179","author":"Connolly","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.1894","article-title":"Telemetric study of sleep architecture and sleep homeostasis in the day-active tree shrew Tupaia belangeri.","volume":"35","author":"Coolen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2008-15413","article-title":"The canine (dog). model of human aging and disease: Dietary, environmental and immunotherapy approaches.","volume":"15","author":"Cotman","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2265","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(01)00699-X","article-title":"Investigation of the sleep electrocorticogram of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). using radiotelemetry.","volume":"112","author":"Crofts","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2019.05.001","article-title":"Regulation of the blood\u2013brain barrier by circadian rhythms and sleep.","volume":"42","author":"Cuddapah","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13741","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0013741","article-title":"The mouse blood\u2013brain barrier transcriptome: A new resource for understanding the development and function of brain endothelial cells.","volume":"5","author":"Daneman","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.3109\/02713688908997564","article-title":"Cataract prevention in diabetic Octodon degus with Pfizer\u2019s sorbinil.","volume":"8","author":"Datiles","year":"1989","journal-title":"Curr. Eye Res."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-021-02234-7","article-title":"Aspects of tree shrew consolidated sleep structure resemble human sleep.","volume":"4","author":"Dimanico","year":"2021","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600249","article-title":"The rat blood\u2013brain barrier transcriptome.","volume":"26","author":"Enerson","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.1350170403","article-title":"Characteristics of the circadian activity rhythm in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus).","volume":"17","author":"Erkert","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am. J. Primatol."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1007\/s12640-015-9544-x","article-title":"Cognitive impairment after sleep deprivation rescued by transcranial magnetic stimulation application in Octodon degus.","volume":"28","author":"Estrada","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurotox. Res."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170594","article-title":"Does the genetic feature of the Chinese tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis). support its potential as a viable model for Alzheimer\u2019s disease research?","volume":"61","author":"Fan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8118","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25158118","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease neuropathological change in aged non-primate mammals.","volume":"25","author":"Ferrer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5642","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13136","article-title":"Early \u03b2-amyloid accumulation in the brain is associated with peripheral T cell alterations.","volume":"19","author":"Gericke","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1111\/nan.12408","article-title":"Age-associated changes in the blood-brain barrier: Comparative studies in human and mouse.","volume":"44","author":"Goodall","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2003","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-29657-y","article-title":"Microvascular stabilization via blood\u2013brain barrier regulation prevents seizure activity.","volume":"13","author":"Greene","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2021.11931","article-title":"GinsenosideRg1 improves cognitive capability and affects the microbiota of large intestine of tree shrew model for Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"23","author":"Guo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2237","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.17099","article-title":"Blood\u2013brain barrier dysfunction and decreased transcription of tight junction proteins in epileptic dogs.","volume":"38","author":"Hanael","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Vet. Intern. Med."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.14739","article-title":"Blood\u2013brain barrier dysfunction in canine epileptic seizures detected by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.","volume":"60","author":"Hanael","year":"2019","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1072994","article-title":"The amyloid hypothesis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Progress and problems on the road to therapeutics.","volume":"297","author":"Hardy","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012263951-7\/50009-0","article-title":"Biology and diseases of guinea pigs.","author":"Harkness","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lab. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1111\/dgd.12371","article-title":"Developing guinea pig brain as a model for cortical folding.","volume":"59","author":"Hatakeyama","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dev. Growth Differ."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-006-0485-z","article-title":"Increased blood\u2013brain barrier permeability and altered tight junctions in experimental diabetes in the rat: Contribution of hyperglycaemia and matrix metalloproteinases.","volume":"50","author":"Hawkins","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0000000000000134","article-title":"Epileptic seizures in Alzheimer disease: A review.","volume":"30","author":"Horv\u00e1th","year":"2016","journal-title":"Alzheimer Dis. Assoc. Disord."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3343","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.23575","article-title":"Quantitative atlas of blood\u2013brain barrier transporters, receptors, and tight junction proteins in rats and common marmoset.","volume":"102","author":"Hoshi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"888946","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.888946","article-title":"Association of peripheral blood cell profile with Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A meta-analysis.","volume":"14","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.14366","article-title":"Marmosets as model systems for the study of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and related dementias: Substantiation of physiological tau 3R and 4R isoform expression and phosphorylation.","volume":"21","author":"Huhe","year":"2025","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2018.05.004","article-title":"The long-lived Octodon degus as a rodent drug discovery model for Alzheimer\u2019s and other age-related diseases.","volume":"47","author":"Hurley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"894994","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.894994","article-title":"Genome sequencing variations in the Octodon degus, an unconventional natural model of aging and Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"14","author":"Hurley","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awab031","article-title":"Sleep and neurodegenerative diseases.","volume":"144","author":"Husain","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.11238\/mammalianscience.61.3","article-title":"Evaluation index of epilepsy-like seizures observed in common degu (Octodon degus).","volume":"61","author":"Ikai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Honyurui Kagaku"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.24-0081","article-title":"Disseminated histiocytic sarcoma in a degu (Octodon degus).","volume":"86","author":"Ikeda","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Vet. Med. Sci."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2004.09.016","article-title":"Human-like rodent amyloid-\u03b2-peptide determines Alzheimer pathology in aged wild-type Octodon degu.","volume":"26","author":"Inestrosa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-024-00988-2","article-title":"Multifaceted roles of APOE in Alzheimer disease.","volume":"20","author":"Jackson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2013.269","article-title":"Sleep and Alzheimer disease pathology\u2014a bidirectional relationship.","volume":"10","author":"Ju","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1999.tb07821.x","article-title":"The blood-brain barrier and cerebrovascular pathology in Alzheimer disease.","volume":"893","author":"Kalaria","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-01-00328.1999","article-title":"A nonphotic stimulus inverts the diurnal\u2013nocturnal phase preference in Octodon degus.","volume":"19","author":"Kas","year":"","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/22.8.1045","article-title":"Circadian timed wakefulness at dawn opposes compensatory sleep responses after sleep deprivation in Octodon degus.","volume":"22","author":"Kas","year":"","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm16201","article-title":"The effect of deoxycholic acid on secretion and motility in the rat and guinea pig large intestine.","volume":"23","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurogastroenterol. Motil."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neures.2015.11.006","article-title":"\u03b1-Synuclein aggregation in the olfactory bulb of middle-aged common marmoset.","volume":"106","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539411","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2020.539411","article-title":"A susceptible period of photic day-night rhythm loss in common marmoset social behavior development.","volume":"14","author":"Koshiba","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e58649","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0058649","article-title":"Tool use specific adult neurogenesis and synaptogenesis in rodent (Octodon degus). hippocampus.","volume":"8","author":"Kumazawa-Manita","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00606118","article-title":"Circadian oscillation of the multiple unit activity in the guinea pig suprachiasmatic nucleus.","volume":"162","author":"Kurumiya","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. A"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-53219-6","author":"Landsberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Canine and feline dementia: molecular basis, diagnostics and therapy."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1093\/ilar.45.1.14","article-title":"Octodon degus: A diurnal, social, and long-lived rodent.","volume":"45","author":"Lee","year":"2004","journal-title":"ILAR J."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1159\/000112678","article-title":"First evidence of melatonin receptors distribution in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of tree shrew brain.","volume":"28","author":"Legros","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuro Endocrinol. Lett."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1093\/ilarjournal\/ilj040","article-title":"Renal transitional cell carcinoma and choristoma in a degu (Octodon degus).","volume":"44","author":"Lester","year":"2005","journal-title":"Contemp. Top. Lab Anim Sci."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1892","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-023-03663-7","article-title":"Cognitive deficits and Alzheimer\u2019s disease-like pathologies in the aged Chinese tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis).","volume":"61","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.3390\/ani11071875","article-title":"Drinking water with saccharin sodium alters the microbiota-gut-hypothalamus axis in guinea pig.","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anim."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-022-01127-0","article-title":"Peripheral apoE4 enhances Alzheimer\u2019s pathology and impairs cognition by compromising cerebrovascular function.","volume":"25","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4927403","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/4927403","article-title":"Melatonin alleviates glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in Guinea pigs caused by different artificial light rhythms.","volume":"2020","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Res."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21020591","article-title":"Structural, molecular, and functional alterations of the blood\u2013brain barrier during epileptogenesis and epilepsy: A cause, consequence, or both?","volume":"21","author":"L\u00f6scher","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9988","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0604157103","article-title":"The guinea pig as a transmission model for human influenza viruses.","volume":"103","author":"Lowen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2020.04.027","article-title":"A characteristic expression pattern of core circadian genes in the diurnal tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri).","volume":"437","author":"Luo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2018.06.004","article-title":"The effects of cerebral amyloid angiopathy on integrity of the blood\u2013brain barrier.","volume":"70","author":"Magaki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2017.09.006","article-title":"Neurodegenerative disorders and sleep.","volume":"13","author":"Malhotra","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Clin."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2017.02.004","article-title":"Sleep and human aging.","volume":"94","author":"Mander","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(96)12462-9","article-title":"Blood\u2013brain barrier uptake of the 40 and 42 amino acid sequences of circulating Alzheimer\u2019s amyloid beta in guinea pigs.","volume":"206","author":"Martel","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13168","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222313168","article-title":"A review of the current mammalian models of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and challenges that need to be overcome.","volume":"22","author":"Mckean","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/074873049000500101","article-title":"The two-oscillator circadian system of tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri) and its response to light and dark pulses.","volume":"5","author":"Meijer","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Biol. Rhythms"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.06.3040","article-title":"The antimicrobial protection hypothesis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"14","author":"Moir","year":"2018","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2247-3","article-title":"APOE4 leads to blood\u2013brain barrier dysfunction predicting cognitive decline.","volume":"581","author":"Montagne","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aah4968","article-title":"Mechanisms linking circadian clocks, sleep, and neurodegeneration.","volume":"354","author":"Musiek","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-021-00577-7","article-title":"Circadian rhythms in neurodegenerative disorders.","volume":"18","author":"Nassan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/01652176.2016.1235301","article-title":"Histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of cerebral amyloid angiopathy in elderly dogs.","volume":"37","author":"Ne\u0161i\u0107","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet Q."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"791213","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.791213","article-title":"To the gut microbiome and beyond: The brain-first or body-first hypothesis in Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"13","author":"Nuzum","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.2896","article-title":"REM sleep phase preference in the crepuscular Octodon degus assessed by selective REM sleep deprivation.","volume":"36","author":"Ocampo-Garc\u00e9s","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2006.11.007","article-title":"Canine cognitive dysfunction syndrome: Prevalence, clinical signs and treatment with a neuroprotective nutraceutical.","volume":"105","author":"Osella","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.15-0624","article-title":"The relation between canine cognitive dysfunction and age-related brain lesions.","volume":"78","author":"Ozawa","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Vet. Med. Sci."},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.4149\/CM_2008_058_4_324","article-title":"The guinea pig as a model of infectious diseases.","volume":"58","author":"Padilla-Carlin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Comp. Med."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2009.15","article-title":"Epilepsy and cognitive impairments in Alzheimer disease: A network dysfunction perspective.","volume":"66","author":"Palop","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-023-05185-3","article-title":"Noninvasive disruption of the blood-brain barrier in the marmoset monkey.","volume":"6","author":"Parks","year":"2023","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-019-0179-2","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms and physiological importance of circadian clocks.","volume":"20","author":"Patke","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(99)00017-2","article-title":"Primate-like amyloid-\u03b2 sequence but no cerebral amyloidosis in aged tree shrews.","volume":"20","author":"Pawlik","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2023.02.002","article-title":"The common marmoset as a model of neurodegeneration.","volume":"46","author":"P\u00e9rez-Cruz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1006\/nbdi.2001.9402","article-title":"Permeability of proteins at the blood\u2013brain barrier in the normal adult mouse and double transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"8","author":"Poduslo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00604","article-title":"Canine cognitive dysfunction and Alzheimer\u2019s disease \u2013 two facets of the same disease?","volume":"13","author":"Prpar Mihevc","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510x(89)90216-5","article-title":"Chronic amphetamine intoxication and blood\u2013brain barrier permeability to inert polar molecules studied in the vascularly perfused guinea pig brain.","volume":"94","author":"Rakic","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18817","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-98178-3","article-title":"Interhemispheric asymmetry during NREM sleep in the dog.","volume":"11","author":"Reicher","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S196552","article-title":"Colonic inflammation affects myenteric alpha-synuclein in nonhuman primates.","volume":"12","author":"Resnikoff","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Inflamm. Res."},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s40659-016-0074-7","article-title":"On cognitive ecology and the environmental factors that promote Alzheimer disease: Lessons from Octodon degus (Rodentia: Octodontidae).","volume":"49","author":"Rivera","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol. Res."},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9169","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-018-0969-0","article-title":"Long-term, fructose-induced metabolic syndrome-like condition is associated with higher metabolism, reduced synaptic plasticity and cognitive impairment in Octodon degus.","volume":"55","author":"Rivera","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12417","DOI":"10.1002\/trc2.12417","article-title":"Bridging the rodent to human translational gap: Marmosets as model systems for the study of Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"9","author":"Rizzo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement. Transl. Res. Clin. Interv."},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2181","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awy146","article-title":"Neurodegenerative disease concomitant proteinopathies are prevalent, age-related and APOE4-associated.","volume":"141","author":"Robinson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s40659-016-0072-9","article-title":"Genetic variants associated with neurodegenerative Alzheimer disease in natural models.","volume":"49","author":"Salazar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol. Res."},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32205-4","article-title":"Seminar: Alzheimer\u2019s disease \u2013 pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatments.","volume":"397","author":"Scheltens","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0000000000000230","article-title":"Detection and quantification of \u03b2-amyloid, pyroglutamyl A\u03b2, and tau in aged canines.","volume":"74","author":"Schmidt","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201606210","article-title":"The amyloid hypothesis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease at 25 years.","volume":"8","author":"Selkoe","year":"2016","journal-title":"EMBO Mol. Med."},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2022.102270","article-title":"Amyloid \u03b2, Tau, and \u03b1-Synuclein aggregates in the pathogenesis, prognosis, and therapeutics for neurodegenerative diseases.","volume":"214","author":"Sengupta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30412-9","article-title":"APOE and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Advances in genetics, pathophysiology, and therapeutic approaches.","volume":"20","author":"Serrano-Pozo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2459","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12202459","article-title":"Mammalian models in Alzheimer\u2019s research: An update.","volume":"12","author":"Sharma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e66235","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0066235","article-title":"The guinea pig as a model for sporadic Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD): The impact of cholesterol intake on expression of AD-related genes.","volume":"8","author":"Sharman","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12985","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12985","article-title":"Rotenone and elevated extracellular potassium concentration induce cell-specific fibrillation of \u03b1-synuclein in axons of cholinergic enteric neurons in the guinea-pig ileum.","volume":"29","author":"Sharrad","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol. Motil."},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23198","article-title":"Selective expression of \u03b1-synuclein-immunoreactivity in vesicular acetylcholine transporter-immunoreactive axons in the guinea pig rectum and human colon.","volume":"521","author":"Sharrad","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-017-0413-0","article-title":"Propagation of pathological \u03b1-synuclein in marmoset brain.","volume":"5","author":"Shimozawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. Commun."},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2010.130","article-title":"How does diabetes accelerate Alzheimer disease pathology?","volume":"6","author":"Sims-Robinson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23877","article-title":"Tau hyperphosphorylation in synaptosomes and neuroinflammation are associated with canine cognitive impairment.","volume":"524","author":"Smolek","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2006.01687.x","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Common links.","volume":"260","author":"Stampfer","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-016-0363-y","article-title":"Revisiting rodent models: Octodon degus as Alzheimer\u2019s disease model?","volume":"4","author":"Steffen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. Commun."},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734173","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.734173","article-title":"The rhesus macaque as a translational model for neurodegeneration and Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"13","author":"Stonebarger","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.3390\/vetsci7010032","article-title":"Spontaneous tumors and non-neoplastic proliferative lesions in pet degus (Octodon degus).","volume":"7","author":"\u0160vara","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet. Sci."},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2017.188","article-title":"Blood\u2013brain barrier breakdown in Alzheimer disease and other neurodegenerative disorders.","volume":"14","author":"Sweeney","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2015.00126","article-title":"Retinal aging in the diurnal Chilean rodent (Octodon degus): Histological, ultrastructural and neurochemical alterations of the vertical information processing pathway.","volume":"9","author":"Szabadfi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Cell Neurosci."},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7036","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1000645107","article-title":"Diabetes-accelerated memory dysfunction via cerebrovascular inflammation and A\u03b2 deposition in an Alzheimer mouse model with diabetes.","volume":"107","author":"Takeda","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-022-01481-x","article-title":"Cognitively impaired aged Octodon degus recapitulate major neuropathological features of sporadic Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"10","author":"Tan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. Commun."},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.05.023","article-title":"Memantine prevents reference and working memory impairment caused by sleep deprivation in both young and aged Octodon degus.","volume":"85","author":"Tarragon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2617970","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/2617970","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease and cardiovascular disease: A particular association.","volume":"2020","author":"Tini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiol. Res. Pract."},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.65.179","article-title":"Age-related histological changes in the canine substantia nigra.","volume":"65","author":"Uchida","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Vet. Med. Sci."},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11282","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.23.11282","article-title":"Molecular cloning of cDNA encoding an unrecognized component of amyloid in Alzheimer disease.","volume":"90","author":"Ueda","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mn.7800212","article-title":"Blood\u2013brain barrier permeability precedes senile plaque formation in an Alzheimer disease model.","volume":"10","author":"Ujiie","year":"2003","journal-title":"Microcirculation"},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2007.10.037","article-title":"Acute induction of epileptiform discharges by pilocarpine in the in vitro isolated guinea-pig brain requires enhancement of blood\u2013brain barrier permeability.","volume":"151","author":"Uva","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2017.07.005","article-title":"Sleep and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A pivotal role for the suprachiasmatic nucleus.","volume":"40","author":"van Erum","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Rev."},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2009.10.008","article-title":"Age-related brain pathology in Octodon degus: Blood vessel, white matter and Alzheimer-like pathology.","volume":"32","author":"van Groen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl318","article-title":"Blood\u2013brain barrier leakage may lead to progression of temporal lobe epilepsy.","volume":"130","author":"van Vliet","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1010929","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1010929","article-title":"Infectious origin of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Amyloid beta as a component of brain antimicrobial immunity.","volume":"18","author":"Vojtechova","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1766","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glac073","article-title":"Nontransgenic guinea pig strains exhibit hallmarks of human brain aging and Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"77","author":"Wahl","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2017.111","article-title":"A systemic view of Alzheimer disease \u2013 insights from amyloid-\u03b2 metabolism beyond the brain.","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e22274","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.22274","article-title":"Mechanism of cognitive impairment induced by D-galactose and L-glutamate through gut\u2013brain interaction in tree shrews.","volume":"77","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Synapse"},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(95)01156-0","article-title":"The origin of amyloid in cerebral vessels of aged dogs.","volume":"715","author":"Wisniewski","year":"1996","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2018.12.008","article-title":"Alpha-synuclein is highly prone to distribution in the hippocampus and midbrain in tree shrews, and its fibrils seed Lewy body-like pathology in primary neurons.","volume":"116","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1007\/s12010-015-1789-6","article-title":"Human and tree shrew alpha-synuclein: Comparative cDNA sequence and protein structure analysis.","volume":"177","author":"Wu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-024-00461-6","article-title":"Peripheral proteinopathy in neurodegenerative diseases.","volume":"14","author":"Xu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Transl. Neurodegener."},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.2174\/1874609811003030230","article-title":"Amyloid beta (A\u03b2). protein- and amyloid precursor protein (APP)-immunoreactive structures in the brains of aged tree shrews.","volume":"3","author":"Yamashita","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Aging Sci."},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0684.2012.00540.x","article-title":"Somatostatin-immunoreactive senile plaque-like structures in the frontal cortex and nucleus accumbens of aged tree shrews and Japanese macaques.","volume":"41","author":"Yamashita","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Med. Primatol."},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-019-0228-7","article-title":"Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer disease: Pathobiology and targeting strategies.","volume":"15","author":"Yamazaki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1994.81.1.0093","article-title":"Experimental intracerebral hemorrhage: Relationship between brain edema, blood flow, and blood\u2013brain barrier permeability in rats.","volume":"81","author":"Yang","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s13041-022-00901-2","article-title":"A natural marmoset model of genetic generalized epilepsy.","volume":"15","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Brain"},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.24272\/j.issn.2095-8137.2024.199","article-title":"Study of tree shrew biology and models: A booming and prosperous field for biomedical research.","volume":"45","author":"Yao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Zool. Res."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnagi.2025.1652754\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]],"date-time":"2025-08-14T05:35:48Z","timestamp":1755149748000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnagi.2025.1652754\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]]},"references-count":151,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fnagi.2025.1652754"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnagi.2025.1652754","relation":{},"ISSN":["1663-4365"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1663-4365","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]]},"article-number":"1652754"}}