{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T06:36:37Z","timestamp":1764138997900,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764115200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Aging Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The role of genetic factors in the pathogenesis of Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) is characterized by heterogeneity in specific genetic variations and their prevalence across different populations and geographic locations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To investigate the frequency of the Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (\n                      <jats:italic>LRRK2<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) mutation, a well-known genetic risk factor for PD, within Emirati patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Emirati PD patients were recruited from the United Arab Emirates between September 2022 and May 2024. Blood samples were systematically screened for mutations across all 52 exons of the\n                      <jats:italic>LRRK2<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The\n                      <jats:italic>LRRK2<\/jats:italic>\n                      mutation was not detected in any of the 50 Emirati PD patients (mean age 64.2\u202f\u00b1\u202f14.1\u202fyears, of whom 56% are male) examined.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The absence of the\n                      <jats:italic>LRRK2<\/jats:italic>\n                      and specifically the G2019S mutation in Emirati PD patients corroborates findings from Saudi Arabia and indicates a distinct genetic pattern compared to other Arab regions like Egypt and Maghreb (North African) countries, where the G2019S mutation prevalence ranges from 10 to 40%. This underscores the need for further research to unveil alternative genetic determinants specific to the Emirati PD population.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2025.1676115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T06:33:46Z","timestamp":1764138826000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Absence of the LRRK2 mutation in Emirati Parkinson\u2019s disease patients in contrast to other Arab populations"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Vinod","family":"Metta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anjana","family":"Soorajkumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Loney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nasna","family":"Nassir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K. Ray","family":"Chaudhuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Jashim","family":"Uddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hani T. S.","family":"Benamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2010.03039.x","article-title":"Genetic analysis of LRRK2 functional domains in Brazilian patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"17","author":"Abdalla-Carvalho","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. 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