{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T21:18:38Z","timestamp":1788297518513,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Aging Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that is closely associated with neuroinflammation, yet effective anti-inflammatory therapies remain limited. This study aimed to elucidate the potential mechanisms of\n                      <jats:italic>Cassia obtusifolia<\/jats:italic>\n                      in mitigating PD-associated neuroinflammatory responses.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Network pharmacology was employed to identify bioactive compounds, candidate targets, and enriched pathways, followed by protein\u2013protein interaction (PPI) analysis and molecular docking. Rhein, a representative compound, was further validated in LPS-induced BV2 microglial cells using CCK-8, NO detection, ELISA, and Western blot assays.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 114 candidate targets were identified, with enrichment highlighting NF-\u03baB, MAPK, and NLRP3 inflammasome pathways. Molecular docking revealed strong binding affinity between rhein and NF-\u03baB p65.\n                      <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      , rhein significantly reduced the production of inflammatory mediators and suppressed p65 phosphorylation in BV2 cells.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Cassia obtusifolia<\/jats:italic>\n                      exerts multi-target anti-neuroinflammatory effects, supporting its potential as a therapeutic candidate for PD and providing a foundation for further translational studies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2025.1730009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T06:36:38Z","timestamp":1767940598000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mechanistic insights into the anti-neuroinflammatory effects of cassia obtusifolia in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a network pharmacology-based study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Xinfu","family":"Lian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongjun","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wang","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingbo","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuqian","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6252","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26206252","article-title":"Phytochemistry, ethnopharmacological uses, biological activities, and therapeutic applications of Cassia obtusifolia L.: A comprehensive review.","volume":"26","author":"Ali","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3631","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.110904","article-title":"Emodin inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation and protects against sepsis via promoting FUNDC1-mediated mitophagy.","volume":"21","author":"Fu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. 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