{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T21:54:12Z","timestamp":1770674052194,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770595200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018694","name":"HORIZON EUROPE Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["860563"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["860563"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018694","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Aging Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a systems-level disorder, implicating basal ganglia\u2013thalamo\u2013cortical (BTC) and cerebello\u2013thalamo\u2013cortical (CTC) networks. While regional atrophy has been reported, network-wide volumetric profiles and their relevance for subtype classification and symptom association remain underexplored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We acquired T1-weighted MRI and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) from 40 PD patients and 21 healthy control participants (HC). Volumes were extracted from 19 regions of interest (ROI) within the BTC and CTC networks using a multimodal pipeline. We assessed asymmetry, group differences, and symptom associations using regression models, and applied ridge regression models for PD vs. HC and motor subtype classification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Network-level ROI volumes successfully classified PD vs. HC and PD motor subtypes, with the highest optimistic AUC of 0.88 for PD vs. HC (mean AUC of 0.63) and 0.95 for PD-TD vs. PD-PIGD (mean AUC reached 0.68). The thalamic nuclei and cerebellar lobules I\u2013V, VIIIa, X were identified as key features. Atrophy in the dentate nucleus (DN), substantia nigra\u2013subthalamic complex (SN\u2013STN), and M1 predicted PD. Tremor severity correlated with the ventral lateral posterior thalamus (VLp), VIIb, and SN\u2013STN volumes; bradykinesia severity with the thalamus; and postural instability and gait disturbance (PIGD) with lobule IV. No significant group-level differences for single volumes were found.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multiregional volumetric analysis within the BTC and CTC motor networks uncovered group differences between PD and HC that were not apparent when examining single ROIs alone. These findings highlight that PD-related alterations manifest as distributed volumetric patterns across interconnected motor circuits, supporting their role as imaging biomarkers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2026.1743479","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T07:29:26Z","timestamp":1770622166000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Volumetric signatures of basal ganglia\u2013thalamo\u2013cortical and cerebello\u2013thalamo\u2013cortical networks in Parkinson's disease and its motor subtypes"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Sadeghi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf","place":["Hamburg, Germany"]},{"name":"Institute of Computational Neuroscience, Hamburg Center of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg University","place":["Hamburg, Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Okar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf","place":["Hamburg, Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronak","family":"Rashedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf","place":["Hamburg, Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Gerloff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf","place":["Hamburg, Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dagmar","family":"Timmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), Essen University Hospital","place":["Essen, Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Schulz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf","place":["Hamburg, Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Zittel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf","place":["Hamburg, Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00034","article-title":"Desikan-Killiany-Tourville Atlas compatible version of M-CRIB neonatal parcellated whole brain atlas: the M-CRIB 2.0","volume":"13","author":"Alexander","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. 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