{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T06:56:54Z","timestamp":1779173814029,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Aging Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Cognitive impairment associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is more prevalent and severe in the elderly, possibly due to age-related increases in neuronal susceptibility to intermittent hypoxia (IH). As telomere dysfunction is a key driver of cellular aging, this study aimed to characterize the interaction between telomere dysfunction and IH, and to explore the associated molecular alterations. Using telomere-damaged PC12 cells and G3 Tert\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    progeria mice exposed to IH, we assessed cellular stress responses, apoptosis, cognitive function, and hippocampal structural changes. The effects of the senolytic agent fisetin (\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin (\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) were evaluated. Transcriptomic analysis was performed on cells. IH-exposed G3 Tert\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice displayed exacerbated cognitive deficits and hippocampal atrophy compared to wild-type controls, which were significantly ameliorated by fisetin treatment (vs. IH-G3 Tert\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    : cognitive deficit,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u202f=\u202f0.028; hippocampal atrophy,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.01). Correspondingly, telomere-damaged PC12 cells exhibited a heightened stress response to IH, manifested by increased p21, SA-\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    -gal and apoptosis upon IH, an effect also mitigated by rapamycin. RNA sequencing of these cells revealed a distinct inflammatory signature under IH, with enrichment in pathways like TNF and IL-17 signaling and identification of IL-6, CXCL10, and ICAM1 as key hub genes. Our findings indicate that telomere dysfunction is associated with exacerbated IH-induced cognitive deficits and nerve damage. We identify a corresponding inflammatory transcriptomic signature and provide preliminary evidence that interventions targeting these senescence-associated pathways can confer protection. This provides a new mechanistic perspective on aging-related susceptibility and outlines a translational roadmap for future investigation into OSA-related cognitive decline.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2026.1758688","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T06:45:02Z","timestamp":1772779502000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Telomere dysfunction is associated with exacerbated intermittent hypoxia-induced cognitive deficits and nerve damage"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Elderly Health, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuyang","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Elderly Health, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in the Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Elderly Health, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in the Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Department of Genetics, Tianjin Medical University","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Duo","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, Tianjin Medical University","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Minghui","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, Tianjin Medical University","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Institute of Prosthodontics School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Elderly Health, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in the Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200912-1805OC","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea and age: a double insult to brain function?","volume":"182","author":"Ayalon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. 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