{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T03:00:21Z","timestamp":1777950021110,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777852800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Aging Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Assessing attention and frontal lobe function is essential for diagnosing dementia. The Stroop test is widely used for these purposes, and its validity and reliability have been verified. Nevertheless, test-related burdens and procedural complexity have prevented their use as a screening tool. We developed a novel Stroop test using eye-tracking technology and evaluated its validity and utility in a clinical setting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included 97 older adults at a memory clinic. Participants completed both the eye-tracking-based and conventional paper-based Stroop tests, along with MMSE, FAB, and TMT-A\/B.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Scores on the eye-tracking-based Stroop test significantly correlated with the paper-based test (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f= 0.634), FAB (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f= 0.480), and TMT-B (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f= \u22120.536). It achieved an AUC\u2013ROC of 0.701 for frontal lobe dysfunction and 0.708 for dementia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The eye-tracking-based Stroop test has the potential to efficiently assess frontal lobe function and serve as a screening tool for dementia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2026.1787430","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T05:34:19Z","timestamp":1777872859000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["An eye-tracking-based Stroop test: an efficient method for evaluating frontal lobe function"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Sho","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University","place":["Osaka, Japan"]},{"name":"Osaka Psychiatric Research Center, Osaka Psychiatric Medical Center","place":["Osaka, Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuko","family":"Takeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Osaka Psychiatric Research Center, Osaka Psychiatric Medical Center","place":["Osaka, Japan"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University","place":["Osaka, Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sho","family":"Miki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University","place":["Osaka, Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shin","family":"Teshirogi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University","place":["Osaka, Japan"]},{"name":"Osaka Psychiatric Research Center, Osaka Psychiatric Medical Center","place":["Osaka, Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshinobu","family":"Kishino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University","place":["Osaka, Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mizuki","family":"Katsuhisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Osaka Psychiatric Research Center, Osaka Psychiatric Medical Center","place":["Osaka, Japan"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University","place":["Osaka, Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Momoko","family":"Okawara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University","place":["Osaka, Japan"]},{"name":"Osaka Psychiatric Research Center, Osaka Psychiatric Medical Center","place":["Osaka, Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akane","family":"Oyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Osaka Psychiatric Research Center, Osaka Psychiatric Medical Center","place":["Osaka, Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Osaka Psychiatric Research Center, Osaka Psychiatric Medical Center","place":["Osaka, Japan"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University","place":["Osaka, Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsuneo","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University","place":["Osaka, Japan"]},{"name":"Osaka Psychiatric Research Center, Osaka Psychiatric Medical Center","place":["Osaka, Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoichi","family":"Takami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University","place":["Osaka, Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasushi","family":"Takeya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University","place":["Osaka, Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University","place":["Osaka, Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryuichi","family":"Morishita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University","place":["Osaka, Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-018-4377-y","article-title":"Underdiagnosis of dementia: an observational study of patterns in diagnosis and awareness in US older adults","volume":"33","author":"Amjad","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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