{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T07:06:11Z","timestamp":1784099171606,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Aging Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this study is to ascertain the incidence of fatigue and to determine the cross-sectional associate and related variables of fatigue in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A sample of 130 healthy individuals (39.23% male, mean age 64.19 \u00b1 8.70\u202fyears) and 130 patients with PD (50.00% males, mean age 65.06\u202f\u00b1\u202f9.04) were enrolled in the study. All participants were evaluated using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA), and Hamilton depression scale (HAMD). Patients with PD were assessed with the Unified Parkinson\u2019s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Hoehn &amp;amp; Yahr staging, the MMSE, HAMA, HAMD, the Parkinson\u2019s Disease Sleep scale-2 (PDSS-2), and Parkinson\u2019s Disease Questionnaire-39 (PDQ-39).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The PD group exhibited significantly higher scores in the FSS (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001) and demonstrated a greater susceptibility to fatigue compared to the control group. The FSS score in female patients was significantly higher than that in male patients (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.003). Patients experiencing fatigue exhibited significantly higher scores on the UPDRS (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001), Hoehn &amp;amp; Yahr staging (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f\n                      <jats:italic>0<\/jats:italic>\n                      .001), NMSS (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001), HAMD (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001), HAMA (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001), PDSS-2 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.012), and PDQ-39 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001) compared to those without fatigue. Correlation analysis revealed significant associations between fatigue and NMSS, HAMD, HAMA, PDSS, PDQ-39, UPDRS, and Hoehn &amp;amp; Yahr stage. In the FSS-based multiple linear regression, HAMA and PDQ-39 remained cross-sectional associated with higher fatigue severity, whereas NMSS showed a borderline effect. To directly evaluate multivariable discrimination for fatigue occurrence, we constructed a combined logistic model including NMSS, HAMD, and PDQ-39. The combined model showed good discrimination (AUC 0.879, 95% CI 0.806\u20130.941) and acceptable calibration (Brier score 0.125), outperforming any single scale.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease experience a higher incidence of distressing fatigue compared to healthy individuals. The significant prevalence of fatigue among these patients is linked to various motor and non-motor symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2026.1837817","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T06:11:09Z","timestamp":1784095869000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Fatigue in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Haibo","family":"Ning","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nantong Haimen People's Hospital","place":["Nantong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Medical University General Hospital","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Tianjin Huanhu Hospital","place":["Tianjin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Medical University General Hospital","place":["Tianjin, China"]},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Sinopharm North Hospital","place":["Baotou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nantong Haimen People's Hospital","place":["Nantong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lihua","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nantong Haimen People's Hospital","place":["Nantong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1155\/2000\/580683","article-title":"Fatigue in patients with Parkinson's disease","volume":"12","author":"Abe","year":"2000","journal-title":"Behav. 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