{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T06:24:14Z","timestamp":1786947854149,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Aging Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sleep deprivation is a modifiable risk factor for Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD). Plasma amyloid-\u03b2 (A\u03b2) and phosphorylated tau (P-tau) are closely related to cerebral AD pathology and serve as peripheral biomarkers. Our previous work showed that acute sleep deprivation elevated plasma A\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>40<\/jats:sub>\n                      in healthy adults. Here we conducted an exploratory analysis to examine the effects of sleep deprivation and subsequent recovery on plasma total tau (T-tau) and P-tau181 levels.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty healthy adults underwent 24 h of total sleep deprivation followed by daytime naps and a full night of recovery. Venous blood was drawn at 12 predefined time points. Plasma T-tau and P-tau181 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Plasma T-tau increased by 35.09% (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.018) after 24 h of sleep deprivation, and decreased by 37.78% (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.005) after sleep recovery. The rise in T-tau was positively correlated with wakefulness duration (\u03b2 = 0.629,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001). In contrast, no significant changes in plasma P-tau181 were detected with sleep deprivation or recovery under the present experimental conditions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Under an experimental protocol of 24-h sleep deprivation followed by recovery sleep, transient elevation of plasma T-tau (but not P-tau181) was observed in healthy young adults in this exploratory study. These findings indicate that conditions involving short-term sleep loss are associated with fluctuations in a nonspecific plasma marker of neuronal activity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2026.1904137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T05:25:49Z","timestamp":1786944349000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Acute total sleep deprivation transiently increases plasma total tau but not plasma P-tau181 in healthy adults"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Beiyu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suhang","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liangjun","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanbo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiumin","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-026-00925-5","article-title":"Targeting tau in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Rationale, approach and challenges.","volume":"21","author":"Aslanyan","year":"2026","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25702","article-title":"Sleep deprivation affects tau phosphorylation in human cerebrospinal fluid.","volume":"87","author":"Barthelemy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1181","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000008866","article-title":"Effects of acute sleep loss on diurnal plasma dynamics of CNS health biomarkers in young men.","volume":"94","author":"Benedict","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105504","article-title":"Disentangling relationships between Alzheimer\u2019s disease plasma biomarkers and established biomarkers in patients of tertiary memory clinics.","volume":"112","author":"Bluma","year":"2025","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2261","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10092261","article-title":"The role of glymphatic system in Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s disease pathogenesis.","volume":"10","author":"Buccellato","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-020-0687-6","article-title":"Synergy between amyloid-beta and tau in Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"23","author":"Busche","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e182931","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI182931","article-title":"Sleep-wake variation in body temperature regulates tau secretion and correlates with CSF and plasma tau.","volume":"135","author":"Canet","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13984","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-50315-9","article-title":"Plasma Abeta42 and total tau predict cognitive decline in amnestic mild cognitive impairment.","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.14715\/cmb\/2023.69.11.16","article-title":"Effect of sleep deprivation by MMP-WM on rat neurological function and Tau protein in hippocampus.","volume":"69","author":"Cheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-026-68374-8","article-title":"The glymphatic system clears amyloid beta and tau from brain to plasma in humans.","volume":"17","author":"Dagum","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-161114","article-title":"Plasma Tau association with brain atrophy in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"58","author":"Deters","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(14)70090-0","article-title":"Advancing research diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer\u2019s disease: The IWG-2 criteria.","volume":"13","author":"Dubois","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"fcad343","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcad343","article-title":"Mechanisms behind changes of neurodegeneration biomarkers in plasma induced by sleep deprivation.","volume":"5","author":"Eide","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain Commun."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/s00360-023-01516-2","article-title":"Sleep deprivation soon after recovery from synthetic torpor enhances tau protein dephosphorylation in the rat brain.","volume":"194","author":"Hitrec","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. B"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aav2546","article-title":"The sleep-wake cycle regulates brain interstitial fluid tau in mice and CSF tau in humans.","volume":"363","author":"Holth","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2013.269","article-title":"Sleep and Alzheimer disease pathology\u2013a bidirectional relationship.","volume":"10","author":"Ju","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F404","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00126.2010","article-title":"Excess diuresis and natriuresis during acute sleep deprivation in healthy adults.","volume":"299","author":"Kamperis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Renal. Physiol."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1180962","article-title":"Amyloid-beta dynamics are regulated by orexin and the sleep-wake cycle.","volume":"326","author":"Kang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-020-00923-z","article-title":"Diagnostic performance and prediction of clinical progression of plasma phospho-tau181 in the Alzheimer\u2019s disease neuroimaging initiative.","volume":"26","author":"Karikari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(88)90034-0","article-title":"A Chinese version of the mini-mental state examination; impact of illiteracy in a Shanghai dementia survey.","volume":"41","author":"Katzman","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2715","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24032715","article-title":"Transient changes in the plasma of astrocytic and neuronal injury biomarkers in COVID-19 patients without neurological syndromes.","volume":"24","author":"Lennol","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14528","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.14528","article-title":"Considerations in the clinical use of amyloid PET and CSF biomarkers for Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"21","author":"Leuzy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3055","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12930","article-title":"Acute sleep loss decreases CSF-to-blood clearance of Alzheimer\u2019s disease biomarkers.","volume":"19","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"key":"B24","first-page":"59","article-title":"Circadian rhythm disruption and sleep disorders in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Mechanistic insights and therapeutic potentials.","volume":"46","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neuro Endocrinol. Lett."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1186\/s12987-025-00698-x","article-title":"Sleep reduces CSF concentrations of beta-amyloid and Tau: A randomized crossover study in healthy adults.","volume":"22","author":"Lyckenvik","year":"2025","journal-title":"Fluids Barriers CNS"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112510","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.112510","article-title":"Multiomics reveal biomolecular shifts and ER stress in sleep-restricted women affecting NSC functions.","volume":"28","author":"Malik","year":"2025","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ENEURO.0004-24.2024","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0004-24.2024","article-title":"Sleep disruption precedes forebrain synaptic tau burden and contributes to cognitive decline in a sex-dependent manner in the P301S Tau transgenic mouse model.","volume":"11","author":"Martin","year":"2024","journal-title":"eNeuro"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-024-01503-x","article-title":"Effects of time of the day at sampling on CSF and plasma levels of Alzheimer\u2019 disease biomarkers.","volume":"16","author":"Orduna Dolado","year":"2024","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res. Ther."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-05177-z","article-title":"Evidence of plasma biomarkers indicating high risk of dementia in cognitively normal subjects.","volume":"12","author":"Pai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25542","article-title":"Plasma total-tau as a biomarker of stroke risk in the community.","volume":"86","author":"Pase","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-231320","article-title":"Associations of plasma Tau with Amyloid and Tau PET: Results from the community-based framingham heart study.","volume":"100","author":"Ramos-Cejudo","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci10110868","article-title":"The sleeping brain: Harnessing the power of the glymphatic system through lifestyle choices.","volume":"10","author":"Reddy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Sci."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ead2564","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.adp2564","article-title":"Amyloid-associated hyperconnectivity drives tau spread across connected brain regions in Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"17","author":"Roemer-Cassiano","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4159","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13835","article-title":"Associations among plasma, MRI, and amyloid PET biomarkers of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and related dementias and the impact of health-related comorbidities in a community-dwelling cohort.","volume":"20","author":"Rudolph","year":"2024","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32205-4","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"397","author":"Scheltens","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3479","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.9b00095","article-title":"Potential Value of plasma amyloid-beta, total Tau, and neurofilament light for identification of early Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"10","author":"Shi","year":"2019","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Neurosci."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac128","article-title":"Plasma biomarkers and genetics in the diagnosis and prediction of Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"146","author":"Stevenson-Hoare","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(19)30194-4","article-title":"Characterisation of serum total tau following paediatric traumatic brain injury: A case-control study.","volume":"3","author":"Stukas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Child Adolesc Health"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25166","article-title":"Sleep and cognitive decline: A prospective nondemented elderly cohort study.","volume":"83","author":"Suh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-019-0478-5","article-title":"Bidirectional relationship between sleep and Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Role of amyloid, Tau, and other factors.","volume":"45","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3782","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-024-12380-7","article-title":"Sleep characteristics and risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.","volume":"271","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-161213","article-title":"Sleep deprivation induced plasma amyloid-beta transport disturbance in healthy young adults.","volume":"57","author":"Wei","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-220240","article-title":"Effects of simvastatin on plasma amyloid-beta transport in patients with hyperlipidemia: A 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.","volume":"90","author":"Wei","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.08.017","article-title":"Sleep disturbance forecasts beta-amyloid accumulation across subsequent years.","volume":"30","author":"Winer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20131685","article-title":"Neuronal activity regulates extracellular tau in vivo.","volume":"211","author":"Yamada","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaal2029","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aal2029","article-title":"Anti-tau antibody administration increases plasma tau in transgenic mice and patients with tauopathy.","volume":"9","author":"Yanamandra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2013.9","article-title":"Biomarkers of mild traumatic brain injury in cerebrospinal fluid and blood.","volume":"9","author":"Zetterberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-221048","article-title":"Chronic sleep disturbances alters sleep structure and tau phosphorylation in AbetaPP\/PS1 AD mice and their wild-type littermates.","volume":"92","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2451217","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.51217","article-title":"Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for chronic insomnia disorder: A randomized clinical trial.","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-019-02719-2","article-title":"Chronic sleep restriction induces abeta accumulation by disrupting the balance of abeta production and clearance in rats.","volume":"44","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnagi.2026.1904137\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T05:25:50Z","timestamp":1786944350000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnagi.2026.1904137\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fnagi.2026.1904137"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnagi.2026.1904137","relation":{},"ISSN":["1663-4365"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1663-4365","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"article-number":"1904137"}}