{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T06:07:39Z","timestamp":1789106859704,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Behav. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Median nerve electrical stimulation (MNES) has emerged as a promising peripheral neuromodulatory strategy for improving motor recovery after ischemic stroke. Because the median nerve provides strong afferent input to central sensorimotor pathways, MNES may influence post-stroke neural repair beyond symptomatic motor modulation. However, the molecular mechanisms linking MNES to myelin repair remain unclear. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is closely involved in neuronal survival, plasticity, and myelin remodeling, and bioinformatic analysis identified BDNF as a putative target of miR-1-3p. Therefore, this study investigated whether MNES-associated neurological recovery and myelin repair after ischemic stroke involve modulation of the miR-1-3p\/BDNF\/TrkB-MAPK pathway.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion\/reperfusion (MCAO\/R), followed by MNES every other day for seven sessions. Neurological function, infarct injury, neuronal survival, neuroinflammation, myelin integrity, and pathway-related molecular changes were evaluated using behavioral, histological, ultrastructural, RT-qPCR, and Western blot analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MNES was associated with improved neurological performance, reduced infarct injury, better preservation of myelin structure, decreased miR-1-3p expression, and increased BDNF, TrkB, and MAPK expression. In miR-1-3p modulation experiments, miR-1-3p antagomir partially mimicked the neuroprotective and myelin-related effects observed after MNES, whereas miR-1-3p agomir attenuated several MNES-associated benefits and reduced BDNF\/TrkB-MAPK pathway-related protein expression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest that MNES may support early neurological recovery and myelin repair after ischemic stroke, at least in part through involvement of the miR-1-3p\/BDNF\/TrkB-MAPK pathway. Further studies are required to confirm direct molecular targeting, long-term efficacy, safety, and translational relevance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2026.1820913","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T05:31:16Z","timestamp":1789104676000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Median nerve electrical stimulation promotes myelin regeneration through regulating miR-1-3p\/BDNF\/TrkB-MAPK pathway in a transient cerebral ischemia rat model"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Rui","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second People\u2019s Hospital of Kunming, Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University","place":["Kunming, China"]},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah","place":["Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyi","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second People\u2019s Hospital of Kunming, Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University","place":["Kunming, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chengcai","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yuxi Vocational and Technical College","place":["Yuxi, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaowei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second People\u2019s Hospital of Kunming, Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University","place":["Kunming, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meiqi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second People\u2019s Hospital of Kunming, Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University","place":["Kunming, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second People\u2019s Hospital of Kunming, Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University","place":["Kunming, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kunli","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second People\u2019s Hospital of Kunming, Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University","place":["Kunming, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongmei","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second People\u2019s Hospital of Kunming, Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University","place":["Kunming, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second People\u2019s Hospital of Kunming, Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University","place":["Kunming, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kistina","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah","place":["Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Che Ismail","family":"Che Noh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah","place":["Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second People\u2019s Hospital of Kunming, Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Kunming University","place":["Kunming, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai Ling","family":"Chin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah","place":["Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2025.111338","article-title":"Dysregulation of proBDNF\/p75NTR and BDNF\/TrkB signaling in acute ischemic stroke: Different sides of the same coins.","volume":"226","author":"Alnoaman","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain Res. 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