{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T16:16:06Z","timestamp":1788020166360,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]],"date-time":"2019-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Neurosci."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2019.00448","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]],"date-time":"2019-10-15T01:22:31Z","timestamp":1571102551000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Altered Primary Motor Cortex Neuronal Activity in a Rat Model of Harmaline-Induced Tremor During Thalamic Deep Brain Stimulation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jihyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su-youne","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01170.2003","article-title":"Characterization of neocortical principal cells and interneurons by network interactions and extracellular features.","volume":"92","author":"Barth\u00f3","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)91175-t","article-title":"Long-term suppression of tremor by chronic stimulation of the ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus.","volume":"337","author":"Benabid","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.681","article-title":"Essential tremor severity and anatomical changes in brain areas controlling movement sequencing.","volume":"6","author":"Benito-Le\u00f3n","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Transl. Neurol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2011.08.013","article-title":"Measuring burstiness and regularity in oscillatory spike trains.","volume":"201","author":"Bingmer","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2008.09.002","article-title":"Emerging views of corticothalamic function.","volume":"18","author":"Briggs","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.09.001","article-title":"Cortical volume and folding abnormalities in Parkinson\u2019s disease patients with pathological gambling.","volume":"20","author":"Cerasa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat. Disord."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S32342","article-title":"Current clinical application of deep-brain stimulation for essential tremor.","volume":"9","author":"Chopra","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-2312(01)00480-5","article-title":"Coefficient of variation (CV) vs mean interspike interval (ISI) curves: what do they tell us about the brain?","volume":"38","author":"Christodoulou","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0084054","article-title":"Neuroanatomical heterogeneity of essential tremor according to propranolol response.","volume":"8","author":"Chung","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-016-0627-8","article-title":"Surgery for dystonia and tremor.","volume":"16","author":"Crowell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Neurol. Neurosci. Rep."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3997","article-title":"Therapeutic deep brain stimulation reduces cortical phase-amplitude coupling in Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"18","author":"de Hemptinne","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S41","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10141","article-title":"Pathophysiology of nonparkinsonian tremors.","volume":"17","author":"Deuschl","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S14","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.54.4.14A","article-title":"The pathophysiology of essential tremor.","volume":"54","author":"Deuschl","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2000.84.1.570","article-title":"Microstimulation-induced inhibition of neuronal firing in human globus pallidus.","volume":"84","author":"Dostrovsky","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-013-0353-4","article-title":"What is essential tremor?","volume":"13","author":"Elble","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Neurol. Neurosci. Rep."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt347","article-title":"Mechanisms of deep brain stimulation for essential tremor.","volume":"137","author":"Elble","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15330","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.261273898","article-title":"Thalamic bursting in rats during different awake behavioral states.","volume":"98","author":"Fanselow","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.10.024","article-title":"Tapping the brakes: cellular and synaptic mechanisms that regulate thalamic oscillations.","volume":"92","author":"Fogerson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0270(01)00359-4","article-title":"A force-plate actometer for quantitating rodent behaviors: illustrative data on locomotion, rotation, spatial patterning, stereotypies, and tremor.","volume":"107","author":"Fowler","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1007\/s00422-005-0045-5","article-title":"Time delay and partial coherence analyses to identify cortical connectivities.","volume":"94","author":"Govindan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biol. Cybern."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7916\/D8TD9W2P","article-title":"Harmaline tremor: underlying mechanisms in a potential animal model of essential tremor.","volume":"2","author":"Handforth","year":"2012","journal-title":"Tremor Other Hyperkinet. mov."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-200202000-00015","article-title":"The Anesthetic mechanism of urethane: the effects on neurotransmitter-gated ion channels.","volume":"94","author":"Hara","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.07.046","article-title":"Mouse motor cortex coordinates the behavioral response to unpredicted sensory feedback.","volume":"99","author":"Heindorf","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1016\/s1388-2457(00)00248-0","article-title":"Tremor-correlated cortical activity detected by electroencephalography.","volume":"111","author":"Hellwig","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(00)04044-7","article-title":"Tremor-correlated cortical activity in essential tremor.","volume":"357","author":"Hellwig","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.64.2.273","article-title":"Thalamic neuronal activity correlated with essential tremor.","volume":"64","author":"Hua","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S9","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10137","article-title":"Motor thalamic circuits in primates with emphasis on the area targeted in treatment of movement disorders.","volume":"17","author":"Ilinsky","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(03)00034-1","article-title":"Bursts as a unit of neural information: selective communication via resonance.","volume":"26","author":"Izhikevich","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(02)00122-7","article-title":"Neuronal response to local electrical stimulation in rat thalamus: physiological implications for mechanisms of deep brain stimulation.","volume":"113","author":"Kiss","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318249f702","article-title":"The tremor network targeted by successful VIM deep brain stimulation in humans.","volume":"78","author":"Klein","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7916\/D8J68TV7","article-title":"Development of harmaline-induced tremor in a swine model.","volume":"8","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Tremor Other Hyperkinet. Mov."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-014-0157-z","article-title":"Decreased EAAT2 protein expression in the essential tremor cerebellar cortex.","volume":"2","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. Commun."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-016-1771-1","article-title":"Role of altered cerebello-thalamo-cortical network in the neurobiology of essential tremor.","volume":"59","author":"Lenka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00964.2016","article-title":"Dynamics of human subthalamic neuron phase-locking to motor and sensory cortical oscillations during movement.","volume":"118","author":"Lipski","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00236557","article-title":"The olivo-cerebellar system: functional properties as revealed by harmaline-induced tremor.","volume":"18","author":"Llinas","year":"1973","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3297","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm266","article-title":"Neuropathological changes in essential tremor: 33 cases compared with 21 controls.","volume":"130","author":"Louis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3908(88)90102-5","article-title":"Tolerance to the tremorogenic effects of harmaline: evidence for altered olivo-cerebellar function.","volume":"27","author":"Lutes","year":"1988","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200326070-00003","article-title":"Benefits and risks of pharmacological treatments for essential tremor.","volume":"26","author":"Lyons","year":"2003","journal-title":"Drug Saf."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/123.7.1459","article-title":"Coherence between cerebellar thalamus, cortex and muscle in man: cerebellar thalamus interactions.","volume":"123","author":"Marsden","year":"2000","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.25.2.122","article-title":"Observations on essential tremor.","volume":"25","author":"Marshall","year":"1962","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20331","article-title":"Harmaline-induced tremor as a potential preclinical screening method for essential tremor medications.","volume":"20","author":"Martin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2005.11.036","article-title":"A species-specific difference in the effects of harmaline on the rodent olivocerebellar system.","volume":"1068","author":"Miwa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3163","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aww242","article-title":"Genome-wide association study in essential tremor identifies three new loci.","volume":"139","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.01.088","article-title":"Oscillating central motor networks in pathological tremors and voluntary movements. What makes the difference?","volume":"60","author":"Muthuraman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncir.2015.00088","article-title":"The slow oscillation in cortical and thalamic networks: mechanisms and functions.","volume":"9","author":"Neske","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Neural Circuits"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3791\/1098","article-title":"Micro-drive array for chronic in vivo recording: tetrode assembly.","volume":"26","author":"Nguyen","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Vis. Exp."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhq217","article-title":"Primary motor cortex of the parkinsonian monkey: differential effects on the spontaneous activity of pyramidal tract-type neurons.","volume":"21","author":"Pasquereau","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"B48","author":"Paxinos","year":"1998","journal-title":"The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2011.09.024","article-title":"The oscillating central network of essential tremor.","volume":"123","author":"Raethjen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3219","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00477.2006","article-title":"Cortical involvement in the generation of essential tremor.","volume":"97","author":"Raethjen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22633","article-title":"Synchronized brain network associated with essential tremor as revealed by magnetoencephalography.","volume":"24","author":"Schnitzler","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200002173420703","article-title":"A comparison of continuous thalamic stimulation and thalamotomy for suppression of severe tremor.","volume":"342","author":"Schuurman","year":"2000","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-02122-3","article-title":"A data mining approach using cortical thickness for diagnosis and characterization of essential tremor.","volume":"7","author":"Serrano","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(05)49009-3","article-title":"Thalamic relays and cortical functioning.","volume":"149","author":"Sherman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Prog. Brain Res."},{"key":"B55","author":"Sherman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Exploring the Thalamus and Its Role in Cortical Function."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.034","article-title":"Short pauses in thalamic deep brain stimulation promote tremor and neuronal bursting.","volume":"127","author":"Swan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1038\/35067550","article-title":"The brainweb: phase synchronization and large-scale integration.","volume":"2","author":"Varela","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1080\/17470210500314729","article-title":"When do auditory\/visual differences in duration judgements occur?","volume":"59","author":"Wearden","year":"2006","journal-title":"Q. J. Exp. Psychol."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.61.1.89","article-title":"Effects of high-frequency stimulation on subthalamic neuronal activity in parkinsonian patients.","volume":"61","author":"Welter","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8257(199907)14:4%3C557::aid-mds1004%3E3.0.co;2-g","article-title":"Animal models of tremor.","volume":"14","author":"Wilms","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-20428-8","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation induces sparse distributions of locally modulated neuronal activity.","volume":"8","author":"Xiao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0384-17.2018","article-title":"Theta oscillations organize spiking activity in higher-order visual thalamus during sustained attention.","volume":"5","author":"Yu","year":"2018","journal-title":"eneuro"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.10.JNS09371","article-title":"Long-term results of thalamic deep brain stimulation for essential tremor.","volume":"112","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fncel.2019.00448\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]],"date-time":"2019-10-15T01:22:35Z","timestamp":1571102555000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fncel.2019.00448\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]]},"references-count":63,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fncel.2019.00448"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fncel.2019.00448","relation":{},"ISSN":["1662-5102"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1662-5102","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]]},"article-number":"448"}}