{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:19:52Z","timestamp":1787026792310,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,11]],"date-time":"2019-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002920","name":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002920","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002920","name":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002920","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Neurosci."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2019.00453","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,11]],"date-time":"2019-10-11T07:34:45Z","timestamp":1570779285000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["The Role of Neuronal Factors in the Epigenetic Reprogramming of Microglia in the Normal and Diseased Central Nervous System"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Tatyana","family":"Veremeyko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda W. Y.","family":"Yung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Dukhinova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatyana","family":"Strekalova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugene D.","family":"Ponomarev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2017.06.005","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles in gastrointestinal cancer in conjunction with microbiota: on the border of kingdoms.","volume":"1868","author":"Barteneva","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2121-14-23","article-title":"Circulating microparticles: square the circle.","volume":"14","author":"Barteneva","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Cell Biol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3585","article-title":"Sall1 is a transcriptional regulator defining microglia identity and function.","volume":"17","author":"Buttgereit","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1759091415592126","article-title":"Epigenetic modulation of microglial inflammatory gene loci in helminth-induced immune suppression: implications for immune regulation in neurocysticercosis.","volume":"7","author":"Chauhan","year":"2015","journal-title":"ASN Neuro"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FNCEL.2018.00243","article-title":"Epigenetics control microglia plasticity.","volume":"12","author":"Cheray","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Cell Neurosci."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-11-98","article-title":"Neuroinflammation and M2 microglia: the good, the bad, and the inflamed.","volume":"11","author":"Cherry","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e155","DOI":"10.1038\/emm.2014.129","article-title":"Toward understanding the role of the neuron-specific BAF chromatin remodeling complex in memory formation.","volume":"47","author":"Choi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1097\/MOH.0000000000000202","article-title":"Langerhans cell origin and regulation.","volume":"23","author":"Collin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Hematol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3668","article-title":"Mutant huntingtin promotes autonomous microglia activation via myeloid lineage-determining factors.","volume":"17","author":"Crotti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1472","article-title":"ATP mediates rapid microglial response to local brain injury in vivo.","volume":"8","author":"Davalos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8219","DOI":"10.3390\/IJMS13078219","article-title":"The neuroprotective functions of transforming growth factor beta proteins.","volume":"13","author":"Dobolyi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01753","article-title":"Boddeke EWGM. The kaleidoscope of microglial phenotypes.","volume":"9","author":"Dubbelaar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.09.009","article-title":"Platelets mediate protective neuroinflammation and promote neuronal plasticity at the site of neuronal injury.","volume":"74","author":"Dukhinova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2019.01.020","article-title":"Fresh evidence for major brain gangliosides as a target for the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"77","author":"Dukhinova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/J.YEXCR.2019.02.023","article-title":"Nerve growth factor modulates LPS-induced microglial glycolysis and inflammatory responses.","volume":"377","author":"Fodelianaki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(92)90133-6","article-title":"Production of macrophage colony-stimulating factor by astrocytes and brain macrophages.","volume":"40","author":"Frei","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.11.023","article-title":"Environment drives selection and function of enhancers controlling tissue-specific macrophage identities.","volume":"159","author":"Gosselin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aal3222","article-title":"An environment-dependent transcriptional network specifies human microglia identity.","volume":"356","author":"Gosselin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20908","DOI":"10.18632\/ONCOTARGET.24556","article-title":"Epigenetic control of macrophage polarization: implications for targeting tumor-associated macrophages.","volume":"9","author":"Groot","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2019.00125","article-title":"MicroRNAs in microglia: how do microRNAs affect activation, inflammation, polarization of microglia and mediate the interaction between microglia and glioma?","volume":"12","author":"Guo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/S12035-007-0036-8","article-title":"Neuronal chemokines: versatile messengers in central nervous system cell interaction.","volume":"36","author":"Haas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253.e6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.11.004","article-title":"Single-cell RNA sequencing of microglia throughout the mouse lifespan and in the injured brain reveals complex cell-state changes.","volume":"50","author":"Hammond","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.002873","article-title":"Sall1 regulates cortical neurogenesis and laminar fate specification in mice: implications for neural abnormalities in Townes\u2013Brocks syndrome.","volume":"5","author":"Harrison","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dis. Model Mech."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3220","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI90604","article-title":"Transcriptional control of microglia phenotypes in health and disease.","volume":"127","author":"Holtman","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00287","article-title":"The key role of c-Fos for immune regulation and bacterial dissemination in brucella infected macrophage.","volume":"8","author":"Hop","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Cell Infect Microbiol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3318","article-title":"Microglia emerge from erythromyeloid precursors via Pu.1- and Irf8-dependent pathways.","volume":"16","author":"Kierdorf","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0078045","article-title":"Cytokine induced phenotypic and epigenetic signatures are key to establishing specific macrophage phenotypes.","volume":"8","author":"Kittan","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-75402-4_26","article-title":"Sall1 regulates microglial morphology cell autonomously in the developing retina.","volume":"1074","author":"Koso","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23038","article-title":"Conditional rod photoreceptor ablation reveals Sall1 as a microglial marker and regulator of microglial morphology in the retina.","volume":"64","author":"Koso","year":"2016","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.00419","article-title":"The role of macrophages in acute and chronic wound healing and interventions to promote pro-wound healing phenotypes.","volume":"9","author":"Krzyszczyk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7487","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-018-0933-z","article-title":"Regulatory effects of neuroinflammatory responses through brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in microglial cells.","volume":"55","author":"Lai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3088","article-title":"Transcriptional regulation of macrophage polarization: enabling diversity with identity.","volume":"11","author":"Lawrence","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73.e7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2018.06.007","article-title":"MicroRNAs overcome cell fate barrier by reducing EZH2-controlled REST stability during neuronal conversion of human adult fibroblasts.","volume":"46","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.4049\/JIMMUNOL.1701135","article-title":"M1 means kill. M2 means heal.","volume":"199","author":"Ley","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01175","article-title":"Transcriptional regulation of macrophages polarization by microRNAs.","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.125","article-title":"Microglia and macrophages in brain homeostasis and disease.","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.125","article-title":"Microglia and macrophages in brain homeostasis and disease.","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1136\/svn-2016-000012","article-title":"Neurotransmitter receptors on microglia.","volume":"1","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stroke Vasc Neurol."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/2530414","article-title":"Contribution of neurons and glial cells to complement-mediated synapse removal during development, aging and in Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"2018","author":"Luchena","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12703\/P6-13","article-title":"The M1 and M2 paradigm of macrophage activation: time for reassessment.","volume":"6","author":"Martinez","year":"2014","journal-title":"F1000Prime Rep."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-0924-x","article-title":"Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of mouse and human microglia at single-cell resolution.","volume":"566","author":"Masuda","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad8670","article-title":"Microglia development follows a stepwise program to regulate brain homeostasis.","volume":"353","author":"Matcovitch-Natan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)01026-7","article-title":"An essential role for a MEK-C\/EBP pathway during growth factor-regulated cortical neurogenesis.","volume":"36","author":"M\u00e9nard","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2011.06.011","article-title":"Interleukin-34 selectively enhances the neuroprotective effects of microglia to attenuate oligomeric amyloid-\u03b2 neurotoxicity.","volume":"179","author":"Mizuno","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxg126","article-title":"Dominant-negative effect of the c-fos family gene products on inducible NO synthase expression in macrophages.","volume":"15","author":"Okada","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.11.030","article-title":"Microglia promote learning-dependent synapse formation through brain-derived neurotrophic factor.","volume":"155","author":"Parkhurst","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10714","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1922-07.2007","article-title":"CNS-derived interleukin-4 is essential for the regulation of autoimmune inflammation and induces a state of alternative activation in microglial cells.","volume":"27","author":"Ponomarev","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2266","article-title":"MicroRNA-124 promotes microglia quiescence and suppresses EAE by deactivating macrophages via the C\/EBP-\u03b1-PU.1 pathway.","volume":"17","author":"Ponomarev","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22363","article-title":"MicroRNAs are universal regulators of differentiation, activation, and polarization of microglia and macrophages in normal and diseased CNS.","volume":"61","author":"Ponomarev","year":"2013","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-017-1803-x","article-title":"Glia-to-neuron transfer of miRNAs via extracellular vesicles: a new mechanism underlying inflammation-induced synaptic alterations.","volume":"135","author":"Prada","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4338","article-title":"A polarizing question: do M1 and M2 microglia exist.","volume":"19","author":"Ransohoff","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxl004","article-title":"c-Fos suppresses systemic inflammatory response to endotoxin.","volume":"18","author":"Ray","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. Immunol."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1920","article-title":"The Jmjd3-Irf4 axis regulates M2 macrophage polarization and host responses against helminth infection.","volume":"11","author":"Satoh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"B54","first-page":"305","article-title":"Epigenetic regulation of neural differentiation from embryonic stem cells","author":"Shimomura","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends in Cell Signaling Pathways in Neuronal Fate Decision"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI59643","article-title":"Macrophage plasticity and polarization: in vivo veritas.","volume":"122","author":"Sica","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2018.00323","article-title":"Bidirectional microglia\u2013neuron communication in health and disease.","volume":"12","author":"Szepesi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Cell Neurosci."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2013.159","article-title":"Jmjd3 is essential for the epigenetic modulation of microglia phenotypes in the immune pathogenesis of Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"21","author":"Tang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Death. Differ."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6882","DOI":"10.1074\/JBC.M117.778761","article-title":"Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 modulates innate immune responses through regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor \u03b3-dependent macrophage differentiation.","volume":"292","author":"Tikhanovich","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.24344","article-title":"Neuronal extracellular microRNAs miR-124 and miR-9 mediate cell\u2013cell communication between neurons and microglia.","volume":"97","author":"Veremeyko","year":"","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00050","article-title":"Cyclic AMP pathway suppress autoimmune neuroinflammation by inhibiting functions of encephalitogenic CD4 T cells and enhancing M2 macrophage polarization at the site of inflammation.","volume":"9","author":"Veremeyko","year":"","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0081774","article-title":"IL-4\/IL-13-dependent and independent expression of miR-124 and its contribution to M2 phenotype of monocytic cells in normal conditions and during allergic inflammation.","volume":"8","author":"Veremeyko","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02515","article-title":"Early growth response gene-2 is essential for M1 and M2 macrophage activation and plasticity by modulation of the transcription factor CEBP\u03b2.","volume":"9","author":"Veremeyko","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1519107","article-title":"The microRNA miR-124 antagonizes the anti-neural REST\/SCP1 pathway during embryonic CNS development.","volume":"21","author":"Visvanathan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gpb.2015.02.001","article-title":"Exosome and exosomal microRNA: trafficking, sorting, and function.","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Genom. Proteom. Bioinforma"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11281","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1685-15.2015","article-title":"Neuronal interleukin-4 as a modulator of microglial pathways and ischemic brain damage.","volume":"35","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fncel.2019.00453\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,11]],"date-time":"2019-10-11T07:34:47Z","timestamp":1570779287000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fncel.2019.00453\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,11]]},"references-count":65,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fncel.2019.00453"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fncel.2019.00453","relation":{},"ISSN":["1662-5102"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1662-5102","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,11]]},"article-number":"453"}}