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Cell. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although epilepsy is one of the most common neurologic disorders, there is still a lack of effective therapeutic drugs for it. Recently, we synthesized a novel hydrogen sulfide (H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S) donor, which is found to reduce seizures in animal models effectively. But it remains to be determined for its mechanism. In the present study, we found that the novel H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S donor could reduce pilocarpine-induced seizures in mice. It alleviated the epileptic behavior, the hippocampal electroencephalography (EEG) activity of seizures, and the damage of hippocampal neurons in status epilepticus mice. In addition, the novel H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S donor could reduce microglial inflammatory response. It not only reduced the upregulation of pro-inflammatory markers [inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2)] in status epilepticus mice, but also increased the levels of microglial anti-inflammatory marker arginase-1 (Arg-1). In lipopolysaccharide-treated microglia BV2 cells, administration of the H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S donor also significantly reduced the lipopolysaccharide-induced upregulation of the expression of the pro-inflammatory markers and increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory markers. Thus, the novel H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S donor regulates microglial inflammatory profile in status epilepticus mice and <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. These results suggested that the novel H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S donor can reduce seizures and regulate microglial inflammatory profile, which may be a novel mechanism and potential therapeutic strategy of the H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S donor anti-seizures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2021.780447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T10:26:57Z","timestamp":1638440817000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A Novel Hydrogen Sulfide Donor Reduces Pilocarpine-Induced Status Epilepticus and Regulates Microglial Inflammatory Profile"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Zhongrui","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziting","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiyun","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenlong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuehua","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuwan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baoyi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingshu","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pingyi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-4685-6_10","article-title":"The role of microglia and astrocytes in CNS immune surveillance and immunopathology.","volume":"468","author":"Aloisi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Adv. 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