{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T16:15:25Z","timestamp":1790612125801,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":259,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>For over a century after their discovery astrocytes were regarded merely as cells located among other brain cells to hold and give support to neurons. Astrocytes activation, \u201castrocytosis\u201d or A1 functional state, was considered a detrimental mechanism against neuronal survival. Recently, the scientific view on astrocytes has changed. Accumulating evidence indicate that astrocytes are not homogeneous, but rather encompass heterogeneous subpopulations of cells that differ from each other in terms of transcriptomics, molecular signature, function and response in physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we report and discuss the recent literature on the phenomic differences of astrocytes in health and their modifications in disease conditions, focusing mainly on the hippocampus, a region involved in learning and memory encoding, in the age-related memory impairments, and in Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) dementia. The morphological and functional heterogeneity of astrocytes in different brain regions may be related to their different housekeeping functions. Astrocytes that express diverse transcriptomics and phenomics are present in strictly correlated brain regions and they are likely responsible for interactions essential for the formation of the specialized neural circuits that drive complex behaviors. In the contiguous and interconnected hippocampal areas CA1 and CA3, astrocytes show different, finely regulated, and region-specific heterogeneity. Heterogeneous astrocytes have specific activities in the healthy brain, and respond differently to physiological or pathological stimuli, such as inflammaging present in normal brain aging or beta-amyloid-dependent neuroinflammation typical of AD. To become reactive, astrocytes undergo transcriptional, functional, and morphological changes that transform them into cells with different properties and functions. Alterations of astrocytes affect the neurovascular unit, the blood\u2013brain barrier and reverberate to other brain cell populations, favoring or dysregulating their activities. It will be of great interest to understand whether the differential phenomics of astrocytes in health and disease can explain the diverse vulnerability of the hippocampal areas to aging or to different damaging insults, in order to find new astrocyte-targeted therapies that might prevent or treat neurodegenerative disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2024.1512985","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T02:04:57Z","timestamp":1736129097000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Astrocytes phenomics as new druggable targets in healthy aging and Alzheimer\u2019s disease progression"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Daniele","family":"Lana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Ugolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludovica","family":"Iovino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selene","family":"Attorre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Grazia","family":"Giovannini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.05.002","article-title":"Astrocytic activation generates de novo neuronal potentiation and memory enhancement.","volume":"174","author":"Adamsky","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7918","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.11.7918","article-title":"Beta-amyloid stimulation of inducible nitric-oxide synthase in astrocytes is interleukin-1beta- and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha)-dependent, and involves a TNFalpha receptor-associated factor- and NFkappaB-inducing kinase-dependent signaling mechanism.","volume":"275","author":"Akama","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3326","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5098-09.2010","article-title":"Amyloid-beta aggregates cause alterations of astrocytic metabolic phenotype: impact on neuronal viability.","volume":"30","author":"Allaman","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2017.09.056","article-title":"Cell biology of astrocyte-synapse interactions.","volume":"96","author":"Allen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.12.010","article-title":"Molecular and spatial signatures of mouse brain aging at single-cell resolution.","volume":"186","author":"Allen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17623","article-title":"Astrocyte scar formation AIDS central nervous system axon regeneration.","volume":"532","author":"Anderson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2017.03.001","article-title":"YAP and WWTR1: new targets for skin cancer treatment.","volume":"396","author":"Andl","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2013.00144","article-title":"Glutamine synthetase as an astrocytic marker: its cell type and vesicle localization.","volume":"4","author":"Anlauf","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.02.007","article-title":"Gliotransmitters travel in time and space.","volume":"81","author":"Araque","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FNCEL.2016.00104","article-title":"Effects of transforming growth factor beta 1 in cerebellar development: role in synapse formation.","volume":"10","author":"Araujo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1634","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2013.04.020","article-title":"Calcium-sensing receptor antagonist (calcilytic) NPS 2143 specifically blocks the increased secretion of endogenous A\u03b242 prompted by exogenous fibrillary or soluble A\u03b225-35 in human cortical astrocytes and neurons-Therapeutic relevance to Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"1832","author":"Armato","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta - Mol. Basis Dis."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(18)30490-3","article-title":"The role of astroglia in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: pathophysiology and clinical implications.","volume":"18","author":"Arranz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2015.07.084","article-title":"The hippocampus in aging and disease: from plasticity to vulnerability.","volume":"309","author":"Bartsch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2015.137","article-title":"Selective neuronal vulnerability of human hippocampal CA1 neurons: lesion evolution, temporal course, and pattern of hippocampal damage in diffusion-weighted MR imaging.","volume":"35","author":"Bartsch","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1188160","article-title":"Focal lesions of human hippocampal CA1 neurons in transient global amnesia impair place memory.","volume":"328","author":"Bartsch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13959","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.288746","article-title":"Low-density lipoprotein receptor represents an apolipoprotein E-independent pathway of A\u03b2 uptake and degradation by astrocytes.","volume":"287","author":"Basak","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a021733","article-title":"The corticohippocampal circuit, synaptic plasticity, and memory.","volume":"7","author":"Basu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-14198-8","article-title":"Identification of region-specific astrocyte subtypes at single cell resolution.","volume":"11","author":"Batiuk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-020-0602-1","article-title":"Astrocyte layers in the mammalian cerebral cortex revealed by a single-cell in situ transcriptomic map.","volume":"23","author":"Bayraktar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2012.09.009","article-title":"Environmental enrichment prevents astroglial pathological changes in the hippocampus of APP transgenic mice, model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"239","author":"Beauquis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-009-0522-3","article-title":"Neurovascular mechanisms and blood-brain barrier disorder in Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"118","author":"Bell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2016.159","article-title":"Functional diversity of astrocytes in neural circuit regulation.","volume":"18","author":"Ben Haim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FNCEL.2015.00278","article-title":"Elusive roles for reactive astrocytes in neurodegenerative diseases.","volume":"9","author":"Ben Haim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aai8185","article-title":"Neuroscience: three-dimensional Ca2+ imaging advances understanding of astrocyte biology.","volume":"356","author":"Bindocci","year":"2017","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.12.039","article-title":"The aging astrocyte transcriptome from multiple regions of the mouse brain.","volume":"22","author":"Boisvert","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2009.06190.x","article-title":"Transgenic inhibition of astroglial NF-\u03baB leads to increased axonal sparing and sprouting following spinal cord injury.","volume":"110","author":"Brambilla","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1759091420981206","article-title":"Regulation of GFAP expression.","volume":"13","author":"Brenner","year":"2021","journal-title":"ASN Neuro"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2018.00375","article-title":"Clonal glial response in a multiple sclerosis mouse model.","volume":"12","author":"Bribian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.12.034","article-title":"Reactive gliosis and the multicellular response to CNS damage and disease.","volume":"81","author":"Burda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2018.11.006","article-title":"Astrocyte biomarkers in Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"25","author":"Carter","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Mol. Med."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2013.10.005","article-title":"A20 in inflammation and autoimmunity.","volume":"35","author":"Catrysse","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2016.08.019","article-title":"Association of brain amyloidosis with pro-inflammatory gut bacterial taxa and peripheral inflammation markers in cognitively impaired elderly.","volume":"49","author":"Cattaneo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0045250","article-title":"The neuron-astrocyte-microglia triad in normal brain ageing and in a model of neuroinflammation in the rat hippocampus.","volume":"7","author":"Cerbai","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-018-0606-1","article-title":"Modulation of astrocyte reactivity improves functional deficits in mouse models of Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"6","author":"Ceyz\u00e9riat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. Commun."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2017.06.029","article-title":"Neural circuit-specialized astrocytes: transcriptomic, proteomic, morphological, and functional evidence.","volume":"95","author":"Chai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109661","article-title":"Interferon beta ameliorates cognitive dysfunction in a rat model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: modulation of hippocampal neurogenesis and apoptosis as underlying mechanism.","volume":"94","author":"Chavoshinezhad","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awv328","article-title":"Frontal white matter hyperintensities, clasmatodendrosis and gliovascular abnormalities in ageing and post-stroke dementia.","volume":"139","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/JOURNAL.PONE.0116549","article-title":"Protection of TGF-\u03b21 against neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in A\u03b21-42-induced Alzheimer\u2019s disease model rats.","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/14712598.2024.2416947","article-title":"A systematic review of the efficacy and safety of anti-amyloid beta monoclonal antibodies in treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"12","author":"Chhabra","year":"2024","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Biol. Ther."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-016-0374-z","article-title":"Treatment for rheumatoid arthritis and risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a nested case-control analysis.","volume":"30","author":"Chou","year":"2016","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neures.2017.11.012","article-title":"Reactive astrocytes in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a double-edged sword.","volume":"126","author":"Chun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12776","article-title":"Astrocytes mediate synapse elimination through MEGF10 and MERTK pathways.","volume":"504","author":"Chung","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1111\/JNC.12742","article-title":"Enteric GFAP expression and phosphorylation in Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"130","author":"Clairembault","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1896","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1800165115","article-title":"Normal aging induces A1-like astrocyte reactivity.","volume":"115","author":"Clarke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-024-01580-z","article-title":"A phenotypic screening platform for identifying chemical modulators of astrocyte reactivity.","volume":"27","author":"Clayton","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2016.06.006","article-title":"Astrocytes: key regulators of neuroinflammation.","volume":"37","author":"Colombo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8299","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.426536","article-title":"Sodium phenylbutyrate enhances astrocytic neurotrophin synthesis via protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated activation of cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB): implications for Alzheimer disease therapy.","volume":"288","author":"Corbett","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2010.02.002)","article-title":"Rosiglitazone attenuates the age-related changes in astrocytosis and the deficit in LTP.","volume":"33","author":"Cowley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(78)90108-5","article-title":"Spatial features of the rat hippocampal vascular system.","volume":"58","author":"Coyle","year":"1978","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4425","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.18-12-04425.1998","article-title":"Functional specialization and topographic segregation of hippocampal astrocytes.","volume":"18","author":"D\u2019Ambrosio","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-023-01624-8","article-title":"Human Alzheimer\u2019s disease reactive astrocytes exhibit a loss of homeostastic gene expression.","volume":"11","author":"Dai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. Commun."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2016.07.012","article-title":"Curcumin alleviates oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in astrocytes.","volume":"333","author":"Daverey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06502-w","article-title":"Specialized astrocytes mediate glutamatergic gliotransmission in the CNS.","volume":"622","author":"de Ceglia","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.2422","article-title":"Emerging evidence for astrocyte dysfunction in schizophrenia.","volume":"70","author":"de Oliveira Figueiredo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.2174\/1567205013666160930110551","article-title":"Targeting tumor necrosis factor alpha for Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"14","author":"Decourt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Alzheimer Res."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07022-2","article-title":"Reciprocal inhibition of YAP\/TAZ and NF-\u03baB regulates osteoarthritic cartilage degradation.","volume":"9","author":"Deng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41432","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.380824","article-title":"Astrocyte-induced synaptogenesis is mediated by transforming growth factor \u03b2 signaling through modulation of d-serine levels in cerebral cortex neurons.","volume":"287","author":"Diniz","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22713","article-title":"Astrocyte transforming growth factor beta 1 promotes inhibitory synapse formation via CaM kinase II signaling.","volume":"62","author":"Diniz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6797","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3351-16.2017","article-title":"Astrocyte transforming growth factor beta 1 protects synapses against A\u03b2 oligomers in Alzheimer\u2019s disease model.","volume":"37","author":"Diniz","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.10.029","article-title":"Application of a translational profiling approach for the comparative analysis of CNS cell types.","volume":"135","author":"Doyle","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adc9020","article-title":"Molecular basis of astrocyte diversity and morphology across the CNS in health and disease.","volume":"378","author":"Endo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-020-00783-4","article-title":"Reactive astrocyte nomenclature, definitions, and future directions.","volume":"24","author":"Escartin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23687","article-title":"Questions and (some) answers on reactive astrocytes.","volume":"67","author":"Escartin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2006.11.016","article-title":"Inflammaging and anti-inflammaging: a systemic perspective on aging and longevity emerged from studies in humans.","volume":"128","author":"Franceschi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mech. Ageing Dev."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2011.12.009","article-title":"Oxidative stress and cerebral endothelial cells: regulation of the blood-brain-barrier and antioxidant based interventions.","volume":"1822","author":"Freeman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Basis Dis."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms3030","article-title":"Scara1 deficiency impairs clearance of soluble amyloid-\u03b2 by mononuclear phagocytes and accelerates Alzheimer\u2019s-like disease progression.","volume":"4","author":"Frenkel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(61)90041-3","article-title":"Relations between post-mortem alterations and glycolytic metabolism in the brain.","volume":"4","author":"Friede","year":"1961","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006654","article-title":"The role of microbial amyloid in neurodegeneration.","volume":"13","author":"Friedland","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2016.02.020","article-title":"Cognitive impairment by antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis: analysis of gut microbiota-brain communication.","volume":"56","author":"Fr\u00f6hlich","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain. Behav. Immun."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E2705","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1604032113","article-title":"IL-33 ameliorates Alzheimer\u2019s disease-like pathology and cognitive decline.","volume":"113","author":"Fu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-022-01191-9","article-title":"The Hippo signalling pathway and its implications in human health and diseases.","volume":"7","author":"Fu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16129","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2323-12.2012","article-title":"Targeting astrocytes ameliorates neurologic changes in a mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"32","author":"Furman","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2385","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2010.3681","article-title":"Astrocytic redox remodeling by amyloid beta peptide.","volume":"14","author":"Garg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/CDDIS.2011.50","article-title":"Astrocytes are important mediators of A\u03b2-induced neurotoxicity and tau phosphorylation in primary culture.","volume":"2","author":"Garwood","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-021-01088-5","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of a novel glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, NLY01, in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.","volume":"18","author":"Gharagozloo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.07.03.601867","article-title":"Atypical chemokine receptor 3 regulates synaptic removal in disease astrocytes.","author":"Giusti","year":"2024","journal-title":"bioRxiv [Preprint]"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.295273","article-title":"Hippo signaling: bridging the gap between cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.","volume":"16","author":"Gogia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.06.059","article-title":"Cellular taxonomy of the mouse striatum as revealed by single-cell RNA-seq.","volume":"16","author":"Gokce","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8050651","article-title":"Vascular dysfunction in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a prelude to the pathological process or a consequence of it?","volume":"8","author":"Govindpani","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1038\/S41586-024-07871-6","article-title":"Cellular communities reveal trajectories of brain ageing and Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"633","author":"Green","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-017-0368-5","article-title":"Development of antibody-modified chitosan nanoparticles for the targeted delivery of siRNA across the blood-brain barrier as a strategy for inhibiting HIV replication in astrocytes.","volume":"7","author":"Gu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug Deliv. Transl. Res."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2012.00628.x","article-title":"Vascular degeneration in parkinsons disease.","volume":"23","author":"Guan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Pathol."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-020-0624-8","article-title":"Disease-associated astrocytes in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and aging.","volume":"23","author":"Habib","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20184","article-title":"Spatial and temporal expression of S100B in cells of oligodendrocyte lineage.","volume":"51","author":"Hachem","year":"2005","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2009.11.004","article-title":"Neuroglia in neurodegeneration.","volume":"63","author":"Heneka","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Res. Rev."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-2-22","article-title":"Focal glial activation coincides with increased BACE1 activation and precedes amyloid plaque deposition in APP[V717I] Transgenic mice.","volume":"2","author":"Heneka","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7231","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1709-08.2008","article-title":"STAT3 is a critical regulator of astrogliosis and scar formation after spinal cord injury.","volume":"28","author":"Herrmann","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.24168","article-title":"A perspective on astrocyte regula tion of neural circuit function and animal behavior.","volume":"70","author":"Hirrlinger","year":"2022","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1042\/EBC20220136","article-title":"Astrocyte heterogeneity and interactions with local neural circuits.","volume":"67","author":"Holt","year":"2023","journal-title":"Essays Biochem."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2017.04.019","article-title":"Gut microbiota in Parkinson disease in a northern German cohort.","volume":"1667","author":"Hopfner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1007\/S12031-018-1219-7","article-title":"TGF-\u03b21 restores hippocampal synaptic plasticity and memory in Alzheimer model via the PI3K\/Akt\/Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling pathway.","volume":"67","author":"Hu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-1136(200102)33:2<169::AID-GLIA1016<3.0.CO;2-B","article-title":"Astrocytic clasmatodendrosis in hippocampal organ culture.","volume":"33","author":"Hulse","year":"2001","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(95)12105-D","article-title":"Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunochemical profile after Junin virus infection of rat cultured astrocytes.","volume":"200","author":"Iacono","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/S00401-022-02437-0","article-title":"Trafficking of the glutamate transporter is impaired in LRRK2-related Parkinson\u2019s disease.","volume":"144","author":"Iovino","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JPHS.2020.07.011","article-title":"Glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in Parkinson\u2019s disease: the role of glial cells.","volume":"144","author":"Iovino","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3582","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awab478","article-title":"APOE4 derived from astrocytes leads to blood-brain barrier impairment.","volume":"145","author":"Jackson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12268","article-title":"Astrocytic metabolic and inflammatory changes as a function of age.","volume":"13","author":"Jiang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2017.10.001","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier dysfunction and recovery after ischemic stroke.","author":"Jiang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-27702-w","article-title":"Reactive astrocytes acquire neuroprotective as well as deleterious signatures in response to Tau and A\u00df pathology.","volume":"13","author":"Jiwaji","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3639","article-title":"GABA from reactive astrocytes impairs memory in mouse models of Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"20","author":"Jo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2020.06.002","article-title":"The gut\u2013CNS axis in multiple sclerosis.","volume":"43","author":"Kadowaki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22800","article-title":"GFAP and vimentin deficiency alters gene expression in astrocytes and microglia in wild-type mice and changes the transcriptional response of reactive glia in mouse model for Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"63","author":"Kamphuis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-022-01192-5","article-title":"Dentate gyrus astrocytes exhibit layer-specific molecular, morphological and physiological features.","volume":"25","author":"Karpf","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-022-00391-w","article-title":"The amyloid hypothesis in Alzheimer disease: new insights from new therapeutics.","volume":"21","author":"Karran","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug. Discov."},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-070918-050443","article-title":"The emerging nature of astrocyte diversity.","volume":"42","author":"Khakh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4043","article-title":"Diversity of astrocyte functions and phenotypes in neural circuits.","volume":"18","author":"Khakh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci10080503","article-title":"The increased densities, but different distributions, of both C3 and S100A10 immunopositive astrocyte-like cells in Alzheimer\u2019s disease brains suggest possible roles for both A1 and A2 astrocytes in the disease pathogenesis.","volume":"10","author":"King","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Sci."},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.247462","article-title":"Astrocyte syncytium: a functional reticular system in the brain.","volume":"14","author":"Kiyoshi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.12-208660","article-title":"Attenuating astrocyte activation accelerates plaque pathogenesis in APP\/PS1 mice.","volume":"27","author":"Kraft","year":"2013","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1990.13","article-title":"Astrocytic acidosis in hyperglycemic and complete ischemia.","volume":"10","author":"Kraig","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2012.01536.x","article-title":"Astrocytic cytoskeletal atrophy in the medial prefrontal cortex of a triple transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"221","author":"Kulijewicz-Nawrot","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Anat."},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1999.7096","article-title":"\u03b2-Amyloid immunoreactivity in astrocytes in Alzheimer\u2019s disease brain biopsies: an electron microscope study.","volume":"158","author":"Kurt","year":"1999","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12182258","article-title":"Morphofunctional investigation in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: non-reactive astrocytes are involved in a\u03b2 load and reactive astrocytes in plaque build-up.","volume":"12","author":"Lana","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2016.07.011","article-title":"The neuron-astrocyte-microglia triad involvement in neuroinflammaging mechanisms in the CA3 hippocampus of memory-impaired aged rats.","volume":"83","author":"Lana","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/FPHAR.2024.1451114","article-title":"Chronic administration of prebiotics and probiotics ameliorates pathophysiological hallmarks of Alzheimer\u2019s disease in a APP\/PS1 transgenic mouse model.","volume":"15","author":"Lana","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4007","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201801539R","article-title":"Microglial distribution, branching, and clearance activity in aged rat hippocampus are affected by astrocyte meshwork integrity: evidence of a novel cell-cell interglial interaction.","volume":"33","author":"Lana","year":"2019","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-03940-3","article-title":"Layer-specific morphological and molecular differences in neocortical astrocytes and their dependence on neuronal layers.","volume":"9","author":"Lanjakornsiripan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25800","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2008762117","article-title":"Single-nucleus transcriptome analysis reveals dysregulation of angiogenic endothelial cells and neuroprotective glia in Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"117","author":"Lau","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.130377","article-title":"Astrocytic control of synaptic NMDA receptors.","volume":"581","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1038\/S41586-020-03060-3","article-title":"Astrocytes phagocytose adult hippocampal synapses for circuit homeostasis.","volume":"590","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22953","article-title":"Traumatically injured astrocytes release a proteomic signature modulated by STAT3-dependent cell survival.","volume":"64","author":"Levine","year":"2016","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4023","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3442-16.2017","article-title":"Astrocytic LRP1 mediates brain A\u03b2 clearance and impacts amyloid deposition.","volume":"37","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(98)00088-8","article-title":"Stereological analysis of astrocyte and microglia in aging mouse hippocampus.","volume":"19","author":"Long","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s10522-022-09952-3","article-title":"Contribution of senescent and reactive astrocytes on central nervous system inflammaging.","volume":"23","author":"L\u00f3pez-Teros","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biogerontology"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a020388","article-title":"Astrocyte regulation of blood flow in the brain.","volume":"7","author":"Macvicar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol."},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.2174\/1389450116666150626124544","article-title":"CXCL8 as a potential therapeutic target for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.","volume":"17","author":"Mamik","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Targets"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1326-8-38","article-title":"Blood-brain-barriers in aging and in Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"8","author":"Marques","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0074039","article-title":"Clonal astrocytic response to cortical injury.","volume":"8","author":"Mart\u00edn-L\u00f3pez","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2019.00059","article-title":"Astrocyte heterogeneity: impact to brain aging and disease.","volume":"11","author":"Matias","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-012309-103958","article-title":"The brain-gut Axis in abdominal pain syndromes.","volume":"62","author":"Mayer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Med."},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(01)00307-4","article-title":"Glial activation in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: the role of A\u03b2 and its associated proteins.","volume":"22","author":"Meda","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.15-275503","article-title":"Clasmatodendrosis and b-amyloidosis in aging hippocampus.","volume":"30","author":"Mercatelli","year":"2016","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2011.01.005","article-title":"GFAP in health and disease.","volume":"93","author":"Middeldorp","year":"2011","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-019-0366-7","article-title":"Molecularly defined cortical astroglia subpopulation modulates neurons via secretion of Norrin.","volume":"22","author":"Miller","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.22594","article-title":"Disruption of neurovascular unit prior to motor neuron degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.","volume":"89","author":"Miyazaki","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0188191","article-title":"Effects of an A\u03b2-Antibody fragment on A\u03b2 aggregation and astrocytic uptake are modulated by apolipoprotein E and J mimetic peptides.","volume":"12","author":"Montoliu-Gaya","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2019.00239)","article-title":"Activated PPAR\u03b3 abrogates misprocessing of amyloid precursor protein, tau missorting and synaptotoxicity.","volume":"13","author":"Moosecker","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8706","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3956-16.2017","article-title":"Molecular and functional properties of regional astrocytes in the adult brain.","volume":"37","author":"Morel","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23545","article-title":"Intracortical astrocyte subpopulations defined by astrocyte reporter Mice in the adult brain.","volume":"67","author":"Morel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(97)00120-2","article-title":"Increased transcription of the astrocyte gene GFAP during middle-age is attenuated by food restriction: implications for the role of oxidative stress.","volume":"23","author":"Morgan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(98)00334-0","article-title":"The mosaic of brain glial hyperactivity during normal ageing and its attenuation by food restriction.","volume":"89","author":"Morgan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(02)03475-3","article-title":"Age and gender effects on microglia and astrocyte numbers in brains of mice.","volume":"956","author":"Mouton","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2004.05.010","article-title":"Glia and their cytokines in progression of neurodegeneration.","volume":"26","author":"Mrak","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/MTM.2016.75","article-title":"Transcriptional activity of novel ALDH1L1 promoters in the rat brain following AAV vector-mediated gene transfer.","volume":"3","author":"Mudannayake","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. Methods Clin. Dev."},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20934","article-title":"Hippocampal atrophy patterns in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"31","author":"Mueller","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2011.11.001","article-title":"The effect of amyloid associated proteins on the expression of genes involved in amyloid-\u03b2 clearance by adult human astrocytes.","volume":"233","author":"Mulder","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2020.12.008","article-title":"Behaviorally consequential astrocytic regulation of neural circuits.","volume":"109","author":"Nagai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(03)02361-8","article-title":"Astrocytes accumulate A\u03b242 and give rise to astrocytic amyloid plaques in Alzheimer disease brains.","volume":"971","author":"Nagele","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2004.01.007","article-title":"Contribution of glial cells to the development of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"25","author":"Nagele","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00011.2013","article-title":"Physiological roles of Aquaporin-4 in brain.","volume":"93","author":"Nagelhus","year":"2013","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1001259","article-title":"Astrocytes mediate in vivo cholinergic-induced synaptic plasticity.","volume":"10","author":"Navarrete","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-4580(93)90100-P","article-title":"GFAP mRNA increases with age in rat and human brain.","volume":"14","author":"Nichols","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3276","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4707-08.2009","article-title":"Uniquely hominid features of adult human astrocytes.","volume":"29","author":"Oberheim","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(02)00041-6","article-title":"Structural and quantitative analysis of astrocytes in the mouse hippocampus.","volume":"113","author":"Ogata","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.2020107532","article-title":"Molecular diversity of diencephalic astrocytes reveals adult astrogenesis regulated by Smad4.","volume":"40","author":"Ohlig","year":"2021","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1425","article-title":"Conditional ablation of Stat3 or Socs3 discloses a dual role for reactive astrocytes after spinal cord injury.","volume":"12","author":"Okada","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23741","article-title":"NF-E2-related factor 2 activation boosts antioxidant defenses and ameliorates inflammatory and amyloid properties in human Presenilin-1 mutated Alzheimer\u2019s disease astrocytes.","volume":"68","author":"Oksanen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20967","article-title":"Concomitant astroglial atrophy and astrogliosis in a triple transgenic animal model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"58","author":"Olabarria","year":"2010","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.24178","article-title":"Astrocyte regulation of neural circuit activity and network states.","volume":"70","author":"Oliveira","year":"2022","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2015.07.006","article-title":"Do stars govern our actions? Astrocyte involvement in rodent behavior.","volume":"38","author":"Oliveira","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.NEUROPHARM.2019.03.002","article-title":"The role of astrocytic glutamate transporters GLT-1 and GLAST in neurological disorders: potential targets for neurotherapeutics.","volume":"161","author":"Pajarillo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2018.00337","article-title":"Astrocytes and aging.","volume":"10","author":"Palmer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1202529","article-title":"Synaptic pruning by microglia is necessary for normal brain development.","volume":"333","author":"Paolicelli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3458","DOI":"10.1016\/J.NEURON.2022.10.020","article-title":"Microglia states and nomenclature: a field at its crossroads.","volume":"110","author":"Paolicelli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13063","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3193-09.2009","article-title":"Bestrophin-1 encodes for the Ca2+-activated anion channel in hippocampal astrocytes.","volume":"29","author":"Park","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-021-01180-z","article-title":"Blocking microglial activation of reactive astrocytes is neuroprotective in models of Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"9","author":"Park","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. Commun."},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-023-00822-1","article-title":"Functional roles of reactive astrocytes in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.","volume":"19","author":"Patani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00041.2013","article-title":"Astrocyte reactivity and reactive astrogliosis: costs and benefits.","volume":"94","author":"Pekny","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2013.12.071","article-title":"The dual role of astrocyte activation and reactive gliosis.","volume":"565","author":"Pekny","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"B170","first-page":"1033","article-title":"Neuroglia and microglia - the interstitial tissue of the central nervous system","author":"Penfield","year":"1928","journal-title":"Special Cytology: the Form and Functions of the Cell in Health and Disease"},{"key":"B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1144640","article-title":"Astrocytes potentiate transmitter release at single hippocampal synapses.","volume":"317","author":"Perea","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2018.00114","article-title":"Deciphering the astrocyte reaction in Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"10","author":"Perez-Nievas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"B173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci10030168","article-title":"No longer underappreciated: the emerging concept of astrocyte heterogeneity in neuroscience.","volume":"10","author":"Pestana","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Sci."},{"key":"B174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.13334","article-title":"Astrocyte dystrophy in ageing brain parallels impaired synaptic plasticity.","volume":"20","author":"Popov","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"B175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-44192-0","article-title":"Mitochondrial malfunction and atrophy of astrocytes in the aged human cerebral cortex.","volume":"14","author":"Popov","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2204069119","article-title":"Hippo signaling cofactor, WWTR1, at the crossroads of human trophoblast progenitor self-renewal and differentiation.","volume":"119","author":"Ray","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A"},{"key":"B177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201809665","article-title":"Inhibition of Stat3-mediated astrogliosis ameliorates pathology in an Alzheimer\u2019s disease model.","volume":"11","author":"Reichenbach","year":"2019","journal-title":"EMBO Mol. Med."},{"key":"B178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(94)00615-C","article-title":"S100 protein expression in subpopulations of neurons of rat brain.","volume":"67","author":"Rickmann","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2016.00160","article-title":"Mechanisms of A\u03b2 clearance and degradation by glial cells.","volume":"8","author":"Ries","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"B180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/J.NEUINT.2016.04.010","article-title":"GLT-1: the elusive presynaptic glutamate transporter.","volume":"98","author":"Rimmele","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"B181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2008.172","article-title":"Astroglia in dementia and Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"16","author":"Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ."},{"key":"B182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2013.194","article-title":"Enriched environment and physical activity reverse astrogliodegeneration in the hippocampus of AD transgenic mice.","volume":"4","author":"Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"B183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232113630","article-title":"Astrocytes as a therapeutic target in Alzheimer\u2019s disease\u2013comprehensive review and recent developments.","volume":"23","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Giraldo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci"},{"key":"B184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20087","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1008189107","article-title":"High brain lactate is a hallmark of aging and caused by a shift in the lactate dehydrogenase A\/B ratio.","volume":"107","author":"Ross","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.13443","article-title":"Gut inflammation and dysbiosis in human motor neuron disease.","volume":"5","author":"Rowin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Physiol. Rep."},{"key":"B186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2014.02.008","article-title":"Diversity of astroglial functions alludes to subcellular specialisation.","volume":"37","author":"Rusakov","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"B187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.03.014","article-title":"TIMP-1: a key cytokine released from activated astrocytes protects neurons and ameliorates cognitive behaviours in a rodent model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"87","author":"Saha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain. Behav. Immun."},{"key":"B188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10310","article-title":"Clasmatodendrosis correlating with periventricular hyperintensity in mixed dementia.","volume":"52","author":"Sahlas","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"B189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2014.04.002","article-title":"Astrocytic plasticity as a possible mediator of the cognitive improvements after environmental enrichment in aged rats.","volume":"114","author":"Sampedro-Piquero","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Learn. Mem."},{"key":"B190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2021.104956","article-title":"Astrocyte subtype-specific approach to Alzheimer\u2019s disease treatment.","volume":"145","author":"Sarkar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"B191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.07.028","article-title":"Molecular diversity and specializations among the cells of the adult mouse brain.","volume":"174","author":"Saunders","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.03.026","article-title":"Microglia sculpt postnatal neural circuits in an activity and complement-dependent manner.","volume":"74","author":"Schafer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(01)00451-1","article-title":"A splice variant of glutamate transporter GLT1\/EAAT2 expressed in neurons: cloning and localization in rat nervous system.","volume":"109","author":"Schmitt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2021.07.006","article-title":"Astrocytic processes: from tripartite synapses to the active milieu.","volume":"44","author":"Semyanov","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"B195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.10.027","article-title":"The central nervous system and the gut microbiome.","volume":"167","author":"Sharon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-022-02565-0","article-title":"Astrocytic and microglial cells as the modulators of neuroinflammation in Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"19","author":"Singh","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"B197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3085","article-title":"A pathophysiological framework of hippocampal dysfunction in ageing and disease.","volume":"12","author":"Small","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"B198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.35469","article-title":"Norrie disease: extraocular clinical manifestations in 56 patients.","author":"Smith","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Genet. A"},{"key":"B199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2009.08.002","article-title":"Molecular dissection of reactive astrogliosis and glial scar formation.","volume":"32","author":"Sofroniew","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"B200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3898","article-title":"Astrocyte barriers to neurotoxic inflammation.","volume":"16","author":"Sofroniew","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"B201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-009-0619-8","article-title":"Astrocytes: biology and pathology.","volume":"119","author":"Sofroniew","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"B202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1126\/science.273.5271.59","article-title":"Oxidative stress, caloric restriction, and aging.","volume":"273","author":"Sohal","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.12.011","article-title":"Major shifts in glial regional identity are a transcriptional hallmark of human brain aging.","volume":"18","author":"Soreq","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"B204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkq1182","article-title":"Defining cell populations with single-cell gene expression profiling: correlations and identification of astrocyte subpopulations.","volume":"39","author":"St\u00e5hlberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids. Res."},{"key":"B205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23776","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M113.451658","article-title":"Galectin-9 protein is up-regulated in astrocytes by tumor necrosis factor and promotes encephalitogenic T-cell apoptosis.","volume":"288","author":"Steelman","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.108271","article-title":"GLP-1 receptor agonist NLY01 Reduces retinal inflammation and neuron death secondary to ocular hypertension.","volume":"33","author":"Sterling","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"B207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-023-02752-7","article-title":"Astrocytes display ultrastructural alterations and heterogeneity in the hippocampus of aged APP-PS1 mice and human post-mortem brain samples.","volume":"20","author":"St-Pierre","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"B208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/108190","article-title":"Selective vulnerability of neurons in layer II of the entorhinal cortex during aging and Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"2010","author":"Stranahan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neural Plast."},{"key":"B209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(00)03322-9","article-title":"Acidic pH promotes the formation of toxic fibrils from \u03b2-amyloid peptide.","volume":"893","author":"Su","year":"2001","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-190872","article-title":"A review of the brain-gut-microbiome axis and the potential role of microbiota in Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"73","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers. Dis."},{"key":"B211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-018-0234-x","article-title":"The role of brain vasculature in neurodegenerative disorders.","volume":"21","author":"Sweeney","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2018.07.008","article-title":"Clasmatodendrosis is associated with dendritic spines and does not represent autophagic astrocyte death in influenza-associated encephalopathy.","volume":"41","author":"Tachibana","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Dev."},{"key":"B213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.7b01084","article-title":"In vivo introduction of mRNA encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles to brain neuronal cells and astrocytes via intracerebroventricular administration.","volume":"15","author":"Tanaka","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"B214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2017.08.013","article-title":"Brainstem cytokine changes in healthy ageing and motor neurone disease.","volume":"381","author":"Tennakoon","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"B215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1007\/s004010050686","article-title":"Regressive changes of astroglia in white matter lesions in cerebrovascular disease and Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients.","volume":"94","author":"Tomimoto","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"B216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2008.01.005","article-title":"The ins and outs of hippocampal circuits.","volume":"57","author":"Tonegawa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858412468794","article-title":"Genetically encoded calcium indicators and astrocyte calcium microdomains.","volume":"19","author":"Tong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"B218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2022.102550","article-title":"A closer look at astrocyte morphology: development, heterogeneity, and plasticity at astrocyte leaflets.","volume":"74","author":"Torres-Ceja","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/NU16152381","article-title":"Amelioration of serum A\u03b2 levels and cognitive impairment in APPPS1 transgenic mice following symbiotic administration.","volume":"16","author":"Traini","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5294","article-title":"Astrocyte response to motor neuron injury promotes structural synaptic plasticity via STAT3-regulated TSP-1 expression.","volume":"5","author":"Tyzack","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2018.00372","article-title":"Different patterns of neurodegeneration and glia activation in CA1 and CA3 hippocampal regions of TgCRND8 mice.","volume":"10","author":"Ugolini","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"B222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5796","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-016-0018-9","article-title":"Early changes in hippocampal neurogenesis in transgenic mouse models for Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"53","author":"Unger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsyn.2019.00010","article-title":"Control of long-term plasticity by glutamate transporters.","volume":"11","author":"Valtcheva","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Synaptic Neurosci."},{"key":"B224","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13041-021-00856-w","article-title":"Side-by-side comparison of the effects of Gq- and Gi-DREADD-mediated astrocyte modulation on intracellular calcium dynamics and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampal CA1.","volume":"14","author":"Van Den Herrewegen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Brain"},{"key":"B225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2614","article-title":"The anatomy of memory: an interactive overview of the parahippocampal- hippocampal network.","volume":"10","author":"Van Strien","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"B226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00042.2016","article-title":"Physiology of astroglia.","volume":"98","author":"Verkhratsky","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"B227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01628-9","article-title":"Astrocytes in human central nervous system diseases: a frontier for new therapies.","volume":"8","author":"Verkhratsky","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"B228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858414547132","article-title":"Glial asthenia and functional paralysis: a new perspective on neurodegeneration and Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"21","author":"Verkhratsky","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"B229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurt.2010.05.017","article-title":"Astrocytes in Alzheimer\u2019s disease.","volume":"7","author":"Verkhratsky","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"B230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2010.05.002","article-title":"Where the thoughts dwell: the physiology of neuronal-glial \u201cdiffuse neural net.\u201d.","volume":"66","author":"Verkhratsky","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain Res. Rev."},{"key":"B231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12537","article-title":"Stratification of astrocytes in healthy and diseased brain.","volume":"27","author":"Verkhratsky","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Pathol."},{"key":"B232","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.24362","article-title":"Astrocyte structural heterogeneity in the mouse hippocampus.","volume":"71","author":"Viana","year":"2023","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"B233","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2016.09.010","article-title":"Gene expression profiling of the astrocyte transcriptome in multiple sclerosis normal appearing white matter reveals a neuroprotective role.","volume":"299","author":"Waller","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"B234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27061962","article-title":"Nobiletin alleviates astrocyte activation and oxidative stress induced by hypoxia in vitro.","volume":"27","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"B235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2870","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2112-16.2017","article-title":"Focal solute trapping and global glymphatic pathway impairment in a murine model of multiple microinfarcts.","volume":"37","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-013-1183-9","article-title":"Astrocytic A20 ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inhibiting NF-\u03baB- and STAT1-dependent chemokine production in astrocytes.","volume":"126","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"B237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02325","article-title":"The gut-microglia connection: implications for central nervous system diseases.","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12870","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2121-13.2013","article-title":"Glial scar borders are formed by newly proliferated, elongated astrocytes that interact to corral inflammatory and fibrotic cells via STAT3-dependent mechanisms after spinal cord injury.","volume":"33","author":"Wanner","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B239","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a029009","article-title":"Regulation of astrocyte functions in multiple sclerosis.","volume":"9","author":"Wheeler","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med."},{"key":"B240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20139","article-title":"Glial glutamate transporter expression patterns in brains from multiple mammalian species.","volume":"49","author":"Williams","year":"2005","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"B241","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113128","article-title":"microRNA-592 blockade inhibits oxidative stress injury in Alzheimer\u2019s disease astrocytes via the KIAA0319-mediated Keap1\/Nrf2\/ARE signaling pathway.","volume":"324","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"B242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2005.01.002","article-title":"Age related changes of various markers of astrocytes in senescence-accelerated mice hippocampus.","volume":"46","author":"Wu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"B243","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1038\/nm838","article-title":"Adult mouse astrocytes degrade amyloid-beta in vitro and in situ.","volume":"9","author":"Wyss-Coray","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Med."},{"key":"B244","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9607","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3788-13.2014","article-title":"Enhancing astrocytic lysosome biogenesis facilitates A\u03b2 clearance and attenuates amyloid plaque pathogenesis.","volume":"34","author":"Xiao","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B245","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2021.114578","article-title":"GLP-1 improves the neuronal supportive ability of astrocytes in Alzheimer\u2019s disease by regulating mitochondrial dysfunction via the cAMP\/PKA pathway.","volume":"188","author":"Xie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/s004010050790","article-title":"Diffuse plaques associated with astroglial amyloid \u03b2 protein, possibly showing a disappearing stage of senile plaques.","volume":"95","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol."},{"key":"B247","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphs.2021.01.008","article-title":"Phloroglucinol attenuates oligomeric amyloid beta peptide1-42-induced astrocytic activation by reducing oxidative stress.","volume":"145","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"B248","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2208","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22886","article-title":"Dual pathways mediate \u03b2-amyloid stimulated glutathione release from astrocytes.","volume":"63","author":"Ye","year":"2015","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"B249","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2012.4774","article-title":"Mitochondrial energy metabolism and redox signaling in brain aging and neurodegeneration.","volume":"20","author":"Yin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal."},{"key":"B250","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10939","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2085-06.2006","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinases expressed by astrocytes mediate extracellular amyloid-beta peptide catabolism.","volume":"26","author":"Yin","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Neurosci"},{"key":"B251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2022.120356","article-title":"Protective and anti-oxidative effects of curcumin and resveratrol on A\u03b2-oligomer-induced damage in the SH-SY5Y cell line.","volume":"441","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci"},{"key":"B252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-024-01453-w","article-title":"Disease-associated neurotoxic astrocyte markers in Alzheimer disease based on integrative single-nucleus RNA sequencing.","volume":"44","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B253","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.06.021","article-title":"Molecular architecture of the mouse nervous system.","volume":"174","author":"Zeisel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B254","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa1934","article-title":"Brain structure. Cell types in the mouse cortex and hippocampus revealed by single-cell RNA-seq.","volume":"347","author":"Zeisel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B255","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/S41392-024-01911-3","article-title":"Recent advances in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: mechanisms, clinical trials and new drug development strategies.","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Signal. Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"B256","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2021.111529","article-title":"Glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs mitigate neuroinflammation in Alzheimer\u2019s disease by suppressing NLRP2 activation in astrocytes.","volume":"542","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"B257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.379047","article-title":"Astrocyte syncytium: from neonatal genesis to aging degeneration.","volume":"19","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res"},{"key":"B258","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2007.01.039","article-title":"Vascular oxidative stress in Alzheimer disease.","volume":"257","author":"Zhu","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"B259","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X19854541","article-title":"Measurement of cerebral ABCC1 transport activity in wild-type and APP\/PS1-21 mice with positron emission tomography.","volume":"40","author":"Zoufal","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow. Metab."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fncel.2024.1512985\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T02:05:07Z","timestamp":1736129107000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fncel.2024.1512985\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]]},"references-count":259,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fncel.2024.1512985"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fncel.2024.1512985","relation":{},"ISSN":["1662-5102"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1662-5102","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]]},"article-number":"1512985"}}