{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T02:32:48Z","timestamp":1778034768742,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":188,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743379200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Drug abuse can damage the central nervous system and lead to substance use disorder (SUD). SUD is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Genes determine an individual\u2019s susceptibility to drug, while the dysregulation of epigenome drives the abnormal transcription processes, promoting the development of SUD. One of the most widely studied epigenetic mechanisms is DNA methylation, which can be inherited stably. In ontogeny, DNA methylation pattern is dynamic. DNA dysmethylation is prevalent in drug-related psychiatric disorders, resulting in local hypermethylation and transcriptional silencing of related genes. In this review, we summarize the role and regulatory mechanisms of DNA methylation in cocaine, opioids, and methamphetamine in terms of drug exposure, addiction memory, withdrawal relapse, intergenerational inheritance, and focus on cell-specific aspects of the studies with a view to suggesting possible therapeutic regimens for targeting methylation in both human and animal research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2025.1566001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T05:53:53Z","timestamp":1743400433000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Research progress of DNA methylation on the regulation of substance use disorders and the mechanisms"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Ya","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Qian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abbas","family":"Haghparast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Bin","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian-Jun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.2000.6168","article-title":"Isolation and initial characterization of a novel zinc finger gene, DNMT3L, on 21q22.3, related to the cytosine-5-methyltransferase 3 gene family.","volume":"65","author":"Aapola","year":"2000","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13422","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.13422","article-title":"Epigenetic and sex differences in opioid use disorder in chronic pain: A real-world study linked with OPRM1 DNA methylation.","volume":"29","author":"Agull\u00f3","year":"2024","journal-title":"Addict. Biol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0000000000001332","article-title":"Cocaine-induced inheritable epigenetic marks may be altered by changing early postnatal fostering.","volume":"30","author":"Ajonijebu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-017-0116-z","article-title":"Differential epigenetic changes in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of female mice that had free access to cocaine.","volume":"33","author":"Ajonijebu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.01.023","article-title":"The role of active DNA demethylation and Tet enzyme function in memory formation and cocaine action.","volume":"625","author":"Alaghband","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2003.02247.x","article-title":"Gene expression profile of the nucleus accumbens of human cocaine abusers: Evidence for dysregulation of myelin.","volume":"88","author":"Albertson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2450","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2010.128","article-title":"methylation regulates cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization in mice.","volume":"35","author":"Anier","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2018.06.036","article-title":"Cocaine-induced epigenetic DNA modification in mouse addiction-specific and non-specific tissues.","volume":"139","author":"Anier","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2053","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145713000394","article-title":"adenosylmethionine modifies cocaine-induced DNA methylation and increases locomotor sensitization in mice.","volume":"16","author":"Anier","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-013-3004-1","article-title":"Post-retrieval extinction as reconsolidation interference: Methodological issues or boundary conditions?","volume":"226","author":"Auber","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nepig.2015.10.001","article-title":"Persistent variations in neuronal DNA methylation following cocaine self-administration and protracted abstinence in mice.","volume":"4","author":"Baker-Andresen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuroepigenetics"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e98","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkae880","article-title":"MethyLasso: A segmentation approach to analyze DNA methylation patterns and identify differentially methylated regions from whole-genome datasets.","volume":"52","author":"Balaramane","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1787609","article-title":"An operational definition of epigenetics.","volume":"23","author":"Berger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/s0896-6273(00)81056-9","article-title":"Addiction, dopamine, and the molecular mechanisms of memory.","volume":"25","author":"Berke","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2019.05.035","article-title":"Methamphetamine persistently increases alpha-synuclein and suppresses gene promoter methylation within striatal neurons.","volume":"1719","author":"Biagioni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.05.005","article-title":"Cocaine represses protein phosphatase-1C\u03b2 through DNA methylation and Methyl-CpG Binding Protein-2 recruitment in adult rat brain.","volume":"73","author":"Bodetto","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2017.12.009","article-title":"Epigenetic mechanisms in alcohol- and adversity-induced developmental origins of neurobehavioral functioning.","volume":"66","author":"Boschen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol. Teratol."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.354106","article-title":"Chronically increased Gsalpha signaling disrupts associative and spatial learning.","volume":"13","author":"Bourtchouladze","year":"2006","journal-title":"Learn. Mem."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2016.48","article-title":"Genome-wide DNA hydroxymethylation identifies potassium channels in the nucleus accumbens as discriminators of methamphetamine addiction and abstinence.","volume":"22","author":"Cadet","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2019.02.009","article-title":"Compulsive methamphetamine taking and abstinence in the presence of adverse consequences: Epigenetic and transcriptional consequences in the rat brain.","volume":"179","author":"Cadet","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2021.12.057","article-title":"Effects of pharmacologic treatment for neonatal abstinence syndrome on DNA methylation and neurobehavior: A prospective cohort study.","volume":"243","author":"Camerota","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7516","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0600-18.2018","article-title":"Dnmt3a2 in the nucleus accumbens shell is required for reinstatement of cocaine seeking.","volume":"38","author":"Cannella","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2010.02.014","article-title":"CDKL5 is a brain MeCP2 target gene regulated by DNA methylation.","volume":"38","author":"Carouge","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2024.05.025","article-title":"A positive affect intervention alters leukocyte DNA methylation in sexual minority men with HIV who use methamphetamine.","volume":"120","author":"Carrico","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2014.07.023","article-title":"Epigenetically modified nucleotides in chronic heroin and cocaine treated mice.","volume":"229","author":"Chao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2016.03.007","article-title":"Demethylation regulation of BDNF gene expression in dorsal root ganglion neurons is implicated in opioid-induced pain hypersensitivity in rats.","volume":"97","author":"Chao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurochem. Int."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-019-0533-y","article-title":"Ube2b-dependent degradation of DNMT3a relieves a transcriptional brake on opiate-induced synaptic and behavioral plasticity.","volume":"26","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.5055\/jom.2011.0067","article-title":"Elevated levels of DNA methylation at the OPRM1 promoter in blood and sperm from male opioid addicts.","volume":"7","author":"Chorbov","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Opioid. Manag."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3597","article-title":"New technologies for examining the role of neuronal ensembles in drug addiction and fear.","volume":"14","author":"Cruz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2013.03.025","article-title":"Mitochondrial complex I dysfunction induced by cocaine and cocaine plus morphine in brain and liver mitochondria.","volume":"219","author":"Cunha-Oliveira","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2010.12.008","article-title":"Cognitive neuroepigenetics: A role for epigenetic mechanisms in learning and memory.","volume":"96","author":"Day","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Learn. Mem."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9446","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1395-16.2016","article-title":"Recruitment of a neuronal ensemble in the central nucleus of the amygdala is required for alcohol dependence.","volume":"36","author":"de Guglielmo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2012.06.011","article-title":"Chronic opioid use is associated with increased DNA methylation correlating with increased clinical pain.","volume":"154","author":"Doehring","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3437","article-title":"Optimized sgRNA design to maximize activity and minimize off-target effects of CRISPR-Cas9.","volume":"34","author":"Doench","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1080\/15592294.2020.1834919","article-title":"HIV-1 Tat and cocaine impact mitochondrial epigenetics: Effects on DNA methylation.","volume":"16","author":"Doke","year":"2021","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940798","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.940798","article-title":"Maternal methamphetamine exposure influences behavioral sensitization and nucleus accumbens DNA methylation in subsequent generation.","volume":"13","author":"Dong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6957","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5718-11.2012","article-title":"Subregional, dendritic compartment, and spine subtype specificity in cocaine regulation of dendritic spines in the nucleus accumbens.","volume":"32","author":"Dumitriu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1080\/00952990.2016.1275659","article-title":"Elevated levels of DNA methylation at the OPRM1 promoter region in men with opioid use disorder.","volume":"44","author":"Ebrahimi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Drug Alcohol. Abuse"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13080","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.13080","article-title":"Deficiency of Tet3 in nucleus accumbens enhances fear generalization and anxiety-like behaviors in mice.","volume":"32","author":"Fan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Pathol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2019.10.010","article-title":"Methylation in Syn and Psd95 genes underlie the inhibitory effect of oxytocin on oxycodone-induced conditioned place preference.","volume":"29","author":"Fan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13025","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.13025","article-title":"Oxytocin prevents cue-induced reinstatement of oxycodone seeking: Involvement of DNA methylation in the hippocampus.","volume":"26","author":"Fan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Addict. Biol."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12697","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12697","article-title":"Oxytocin inhibits methamphetamine-associated learning and memory alterations by regulating DNA methylation at the Synaptophysin promoter.","volume":"25","author":"Fan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Addict. Biol."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.irn.2020.08.006","article-title":"Epigenetic and non-coding regulation of alcohol abuse and addiction.","volume":"156","author":"Farris","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3976","article-title":"Role of Tet1 and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in cocaine action.","volume":"18","author":"Feng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.25468","article-title":"Decreased mitochondrial DNA copy number in the hippocampus and peripheral blood during opiate addiction is mediated by autophagy and can be salvaged by melatonin.","volume":"9","author":"Feng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbrainres.2003.11.009","article-title":"Decreased immunodensities of micro-opioid receptors, receptor kinases GRK 2\/6 and beta-arrestin-2 in postmortem brains of opiate addicts.","volume":"121","author":"Ferrer-Alc\u00f3n","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0b013e3182a2168a","article-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th edition, and clinical utility.","volume":"201","author":"First","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Nerv. Ment. Dis."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1111\/gbb.12354","article-title":"Inhibition of DNA methyltransferases regulates cocaine self-administration by rats: A genome-wide DNA methylation study.","volume":"16","author":"Fonteneau","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genes Brain Behav."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2013.01.022","article-title":"Effect of chronic heroin and cocaine administration on global DNA methylation in brain and liver.","volume":"218","author":"Fragou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300579","article-title":"The role of the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, basolateral amygdala, and dorsal hippocampus in contextual reinstatement of cocaine seeking in rats.","volume":"30","author":"Fuchs","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/s0304-3940(97)00227-9","article-title":"Regulation of immunolabelled mu-opioid receptors and protein kinase C-alpha and zeta isoforms in the frontal cortex of human opiate addicts.","volume":"226","author":"Garc\u00eda-Sevilla","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.02.006","article-title":"Epigenetics: A landscape takes shape.","volume":"128","author":"Goldberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1432.043","article-title":"Methamphetamine-induced early increase of IL-6 and TNF-alpha mRNA expression in the mouse brain.","volume":"1139","author":"Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2017.12.009","article-title":"Repeated methamphetamine and modafinil induce differential cognitive effects and specific histone acetylation and DNA methylation profiles in the mouse medial prefrontal cortex.","volume":"82","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-019-0159-6","article-title":"The diverse roles of DNA methylation in mammalian development and disease.","volume":"20","author":"Greenberg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.130997.111","article-title":"Global profiling of DNA methylation erasure in mouse primordial germ cells.","volume":"22","author":"Guibert","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genome Res."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.03.022","article-title":"Hydroxylation of 5-methylcytosine by TET1 promotes active DNA demethylation in the adult brain.","volume":"145","author":"Guo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2015.1052205","article-title":"Cocaine-mediated microglial activation involves the ER stress-autophagy axis.","volume":"11","author":"Guo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1080\/15592294.2016.1232233","article-title":"Cocaine-mediated downregulation of microglial miR-124 expression involves promoter DNA methylation.","volume":"11","author":"Guo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1229277","article-title":"Germline DNA demethylation dynamics and imprint erasure through 5-hydroxymethylcytosine.","volume":"339","author":"Hackett","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12749","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12749","article-title":"Inhibitory effects of Shati\/Nat8l overexpression in the medial prefrontal cortex on methamphetamine-induced conditioned place preference in mice.","volume":"25","author":"Haddar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Addict. Biol."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2022.104320","article-title":"Short report of an Iranian prenatal methamphetamine exposure effect cohort showed DNA methylation alteration of mitochondria function associated genes.","volume":"129","author":"Haghighatfard","year":"2022","journal-title":"Res. Dev. Disabil."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2010.05.050","article-title":"Effect of 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine microinjecting into hippocampus and prelimbic cortex on acquisition and retrieval of cocaine-induced place preference in C57BL\/6 mice.","volume":"642","author":"Han","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.11919\/j.issn.1002-0829.217100","article-title":"CHN2 promoter methylation change may be associated with methamphetamine dependence.","volume":"29","author":"Hao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Shanghai Arch. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1983","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.129.8.1983","article-title":"Dnmt3L cooperates with the Dnmt3 family of de novo DNA methyltransferases to establish maternal imprints in mice.","volume":"129","author":"Hata","year":"2002","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2005.12.003","article-title":"Consequences of paternal cocaine exposure in mice.","volume":"28","author":"He","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol. Teratol."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291797005643","article-title":"Genetic and environmental contributions to alcohol dependence risk in a national twin sample: Consistency of findings in women and men.","volume":"27","author":"Heath","year":"1997","journal-title":"Psychol. Med."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1042\/EBC20190033","article-title":"Sensitivity of transcription factors to DNA methylation.","volume":"63","author":"H\u00e9berl\u00e9","year":"2019","journal-title":"Essays Biochem."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.10.028","article-title":"A translational profiling approach for the molecular characterization of CNS cell types.","volume":"135","author":"Heiman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881109348173","article-title":"Cocaine self-administration alters the expression of chromatin-remodelling proteins; modulation by histone deacetylase inhibition.","volume":"25","author":"Host","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.2217\/epi-2020-0463","article-title":"Changes of BDNF exon IV DNA methylation are associated with methamphetamine dependence.","volume":"13","author":"Iamjan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Epigenomics"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137880","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2024.137880","article-title":"Regional-specific changes in rat brain BDNF in a model of methamphetamine abuse.","volume":"836","author":"Iamjan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2615","article-title":"MeCP2 controls BDNF expression and cocaine intake through homeostatic interactions with microRNA-212.","volume":"13","author":"Im","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1210597","article-title":"Tet proteins can convert 5-methylcytosine to 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine.","volume":"333","author":"Ito","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2014.7","article-title":"Long-term parental methamphetamine exposure of mice influences behavior and hippocampal DNA methylation of the offspring.","volume":"20","author":"Itzhak","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5154","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-017-0750-9","article-title":"Methamphetamine Induces TET1- and TET3-dependent DNA Hydroxymethylation of Crh and Avp genes in the rat nucleus accumbens.","volume":"55","author":"Jayanthi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2013.09.034","article-title":"Methamphetamine downregulates striatal glutamate receptors via diverse epigenetic mechanisms.","volume":"76","author":"Jayanthi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-019-01830-3","article-title":"Single prior injection of methamphetamine enhances methamphetamine self-administration (SA) and Blocks SA-induced changes in DNA methylation and mrna expression of potassium channels in the rat nucleus accumbens.","volume":"57","author":"Jayanthi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12875","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12875","article-title":"Double dissociation of inhibitory effects between the hippocampal TET1 and TET3 in the acquisition of morphine self-administration in rats.","volume":"26","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Addict. Biol."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1002\/wcs.1273","article-title":"Biological substrates of addiction.","volume":"5","author":"Joffe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. Cogn. Sci."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.08.032","article-title":"TET1 controls CNS 5-methylcytosine hydroxylation, active DNA demethylation, gene transcription, and memory formation.","volume":"79","author":"Kaas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C641","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00222.2006","article-title":"Mitochondria and neuronal activity.","volume":"292","author":"Kann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Cell. Physiol."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-14498-4","article-title":"Neuronal ensemble-specific DNA methylation strengthens engram stability.","volume":"11","author":"Karaca","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2234","article-title":"Synaptic plasticity and addiction.","volume":"8","author":"Kauer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2014.16.3\/pkenny","article-title":"Epigenetics, microRNA, and addiction.","volume":"16","author":"Kenny","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e322","DOI":"10.1038\/emm.2017.10","article-title":"DNA methylation: An epigenetic mark of cellular memory.","volume":"49","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3387","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI60390","article-title":"Opiate addiction and cocaine addiction: Underlying molecular neurobiology and genetics.","volume":"122","author":"Kreek","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-008-9655-3","article-title":"Expression of transcripts for myelin related genes in postmortem brain from cocaine abusers.","volume":"34","author":"Kristiansen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-380866-0.60002-2","article-title":"DNA methylation and cancer.","volume":"70","author":"Kulis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv. Genet."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2012.90","article-title":"Developmental and behavioral consequences of prenatal cocaine exposure: A review.","volume":"32","author":"Lambert","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Perinatol."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2619","article-title":"Dnmt3a regulates emotional behavior and spine plasticity in the nucleus accumbens.","volume":"13","author":"LaPlant","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15527","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms15527","article-title":"Drug-seeking motivation level in male rats determines offspring susceptibility or resistance to cocaine-seeking behaviour.","volume":"8","author":"Le","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2020.05.009","article-title":"Two-hit wonders: The expanding universe of multitargeting epigenetic agents.","volume":"57","author":"Lera","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2015.03.002","article-title":"Hippocampal increase of 5-hmC in the glucocorticoid receptor gene following acute stress.","volume":"286","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2013.06.009","article-title":"On the potential role of active DNA demethylation in establishing epigenetic states associated with neural plasticity and memory.","volume":"105","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Learn. Mem."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2515","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-022-06141-5","article-title":"Methylation and expression quantitative trait locus rs6296 in the HTR1B gene is associated with susceptibility to opioid use disorder.","volume":"239","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-023-06516-2","article-title":"METH exposure alters sperm DNA methylation in F0 mice and mPFC transcriptome in male F1 mice.","volume":"241","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-016-0501-2","article-title":"Cocaine-mediated induction of microglial activation involves the ER stress-TLR2 axis.","volume":"13","author":"Liao","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyab043","article-title":"Genome-Wide correlation of dna methylation and gene expression in postmortem brain tissues of opioid use disorder patients.","volume":"24","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyx099","article-title":"Retrieval-induced upregulation of Tet3 in pyramidal neurons of the dorsal hippocampus mediates cocaine-associated memory reconsolidation.","volume":"21","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.3390\/genes13030553","article-title":"Gnas promoter hypermethylation in the basolateral amygdala regulates reconsolidation of morphine reward memory in rats.","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Genes (Basel)"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2016.00050","article-title":"Distinctive roles of 5-aza-2\u2019-deoxycytidine in anterior agranular insular and basolateral amygdala in reconsolidation of aversive memory associated with morphine in rats.","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2920","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.106765","article-title":"Enhanced memory persistence is blocked by a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor in the snail Lymnaea stagnalis.","volume":"217","author":"Lukowiak","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2006.12.006","article-title":"G protein-coupled receptors control NMDARs and metaplasticity in the hippocampus.","volume":"1768","author":"MacDonald","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrrev.2018.06.002","article-title":"A methylation signatures: biomarkers of drug and alcohol abuse.","volume":"777","author":"Mahna","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mutat. Res. Rev. Mutat. Res."},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8042","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3053-14.2015","article-title":"Role of DNA methylation in the nucleus accumbens in incubation of cocaine craving.","volume":"35","author":"Massart","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22031249","article-title":"Potassium channels and their potential roles in substance use disorders.","volume":"22","author":"McCoy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1416701","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1416701","article-title":"The epigenetic signatures of opioid addiction and physical dependence are prevented by D-cysteine ethyl ester and betaine.","volume":"15","author":"McDonough","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.201900193","article-title":"Evaluation of polymorphisms in repair and detoxification genes in alcohol drinkers and non-drinkers using capillary electrophoresis.","volume":"41","author":"Melo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.02.022","article-title":"Covalent modification of DNA regulates memory formation.","volume":"53","author":"Miller","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2007.07.016","article-title":"DNA methylation and histone acetylation work in concert to regulate memory formation and synaptic plasticity.","volume":"89","author":"Miller","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Learn. Mem."},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-41110-7","article-title":"Genomewide study of epigenetic biomarkers of opioid dependence in european- american women.","volume":"9","author":"Montalvo-Ortiz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2012.112","article-title":"DNA methylation and its basic function.","volume":"38","author":"Moore","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1007\/s00438-013-0808-y","article-title":"Genetics and genomics of alcohol sensitivity.","volume":"289","author":"Morozova","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Genet. Genomics"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2014.16.3\/mmorris","article-title":"Role of DNA methylation and the DNA methyltransferases in learning and memory.","volume":"16","author":"Morris","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.3390\/genes8030096","article-title":"Neurotoxic doses of chronic methamphetamine trigger retrotransposition of the identifier element in rat dorsal dentate gyrus.","volume":"8","author":"Moszczynska","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genes"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2019.112275","article-title":"Within-animal comparisons of novelty and cocaine neuronal ensemble overlap in the nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex.","volume":"379","author":"Nawarawong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2013.15.4\/enestler","article-title":"Cellular basis of memory for addiction.","volume":"15","author":"Nestler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.04.004","article-title":"Epigenetic mechanisms of drug addiction.","volume":"76","author":"Nestler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2012.00060","article-title":"Forced abstinence from cocaine self-administration is associated with dna methylation changes in myelin genes in the corpus callosum: A preliminary study.","volume":"3","author":"Nielsen","year":"","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs.12.94","article-title":"Epigenetics of drug abuse: predisposition or response.","volume":"13","author":"Nielsen","year":"","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2008.108","article-title":"Increased OPRM1 DNA methylation in lymphocytes of methadone-maintained former heroin addicts.","volume":"34","author":"Nielsen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7604","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1575-07.2007","article-title":"A novel molecule &quot;shati&quot; is involved in methamphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion, sensitization, and conditioned place preference.","volume":"27","author":"Niwa","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2014.177","article-title":"DAT isn\u2019t all that: Cocaine reward and reinforcement require Toll-like receptor 4 signaling.","volume":"20","author":"Northcutt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1919","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001919","article-title":"Maternal cocaine administration in mice alters DNA methylation and gene expression in hippocampal neurons of neonatal and prepubertal offspring.","volume":"3","author":"Novikova","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2006.12.052","article-title":"Methamphetamine alters expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 mRNA in rat brain.","volume":"414","author":"Numachi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4751","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/dds314","article-title":"Genetic-epigenetic interaction modulates \u03bc-opioid receptor regulation.","volume":"21","author":"Oertel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-020-1058-4","article-title":"DNA methylation in children with prenatal methamphetamine exposure and environmental adversity.","volume":"89","author":"Oni-Orisan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915-021-01074-5","article-title":"DNA methylation atlas and machinery in the developing and regenerating annelid Platynereis dumerilii.","volume":"19","author":"Planques","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Biol."},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2018.09.029","article-title":"Prolonged-access to cocaine induces distinct Homer2 DNA methylation, hydroxymethylation, and transcriptional profiles in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex of Male Sprague-Dawley rats.","volume":"143","author":"Ploense","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1292148","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2023.1292148","article-title":"Placental cytochrome P450 methylomes in infants exposed to prenatal opioids: Exploring the effects of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome on health horizons.","volume":"14","author":"Radhakrishna","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygeno.2021.03.006","article-title":"Placental DNA methylation profiles in opioid-exposed pregnancies and associations with the neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome.","volume":"113","author":"Radhakrishna","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2017.01.017","article-title":"Genetic studies of alcohol dependence in the context of the addiction cycle.","volume":"122","author":"Reilly","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.05.018","article-title":"The RacGAP \u03b22-Chimaerin selectively mediates axonal pruning in the hippocampus.","volume":"149","author":"Riccomagno","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2024.105644","article-title":"Trans-generational effects of parental exposure to drugs of abuse on offspring memory functions.","volume":"160","author":"Riyahi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1441.020","article-title":"Drug addiction and the memory systems of the brain.","volume":"1141","author":"Robbins","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1598","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.1999.00576.x","article-title":"Alterations in the morphology of dendrites and dendritic spines in the nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex following repeated treatment with amphetamine or cocaine.","volume":"11","author":"Robinson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.08.003","article-title":"Tet1 is critical for neuronal activity-regulated gene expression and memory extinction.","volume":"79","author":"Rudenko","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2014.09.069","article-title":"Cocaine triggers epigenetic alterations in the corticostriatal circuit.","volume":"1628","author":"Sadri-Vakili","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5426","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-022-02917-0","article-title":"TET1-induced DNA demethylation in dentate gyrus is important for reward conditioning and reinforcement.","volume":"59","author":"Sagarkar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101884","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2019.101884","article-title":"Effect of chronic methamphetamine injection on levels of BDNF mRNA and its CpG island methylation in prefrontal cortex of rats.","volume":"48","author":"Salehzadeh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asian J. Psychiatr."},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1111\/nan.12608","article-title":"Invited review: Epigenetics in neurodevelopment.","volume":"46","author":"Salinas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-020-00868-8","article-title":"Effect of short-term prescription opioids on DNA methylation of the OPRM1 promoter.","volume":"12","author":"Sandoval-Sierra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Epigenetics"},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101085","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2023.101085","article-title":"Interaction of gonadal hormones, dopaminergic system, and epigenetic regulation in the generation of sex differences in substance use disorders: A systematic review.","volume":"71","author":"Santos-Toscano","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Neuroendocrinol."},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2004.06.043","article-title":"Methyl-CpG binding protein MBD1 couples histone H3 methylation at lysine 9 by SETDB1 to DNA replication and chromatin assembly.","volume":"15","author":"Sarraf","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Cell."},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0510310103","article-title":"A genome-wide analysis of CpG dinucleotides in the human genome distinguishes two distinct classes of promoters.","volume":"103","author":"Saxonov","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A."},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-016-0668-7","article-title":"Elevated methylation and decreased serum concentrations of BDNF in patients in levomethadone compared to diamorphine maintenance treatment.","volume":"267","author":"Schuster","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2012.11.001","article-title":"The dynamics of genome-wide DNA methylation reprogramming in mouse primordial germ cells.","volume":"48","author":"Seisenberger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Cell."},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108658","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2021.108658","article-title":"Epigenome-wide study of brain DNA methylation following acute opioid intoxication.","volume":"221","author":"Shu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol. Depend."},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.04.001","article-title":"Genome-wide profiling of 5-formylcytosine reveals its roles in epigenetic priming.","volume":"153","author":"Song","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2023.137506","article-title":"Cocaine use disorder effects on blood oxytocin levels and OXTR DNA methylation.","volume":"816","author":"Souza","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16651","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1310643110","article-title":"Reversible DNA methylation regulates seasonal photoperiodic time measurement.","volume":"110","author":"Stevenson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A."},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1590\/1516-4446-2013-1224","article-title":"Mitochondria and the central nervous system: Searching for a pathophysiological basis of psychiatric disorders.","volume":"36","author":"Streck","year":"1999","journal-title":"Braz. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17059","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1747-12.2012","article-title":"Genetic deletion of Gadd45b, a regulator of active DNA demethylation, enhances long-term memory and synaptic plasticity.","volume":"32","author":"Sultan","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.02.055","article-title":"Functionally distinct neuronal ensembles within the memory engram.","volume":"181","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2905","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3172-20.2022","article-title":"Cocaine-induced changes in sperm Cdkn1a methylation are associated with cocaine resistance in male offspring.","volume":"42","author":"Swinford-Jackson","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2959","article-title":"5-hmC-mediated epigenetic dynamics during postnatal neurodevelopment and aging.","volume":"14","author":"Szulwach","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1170116","article-title":"Conversion of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in mammalian DNA by MLL partner TET1.","volume":"324","author":"Tahiliani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B159","first-page":"235","article-title":"The CpG island searcher: A new WWW resource.","volume":"3","author":"Takai","year":"2003","journal-title":"Silico Biol."},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22087","DOI":"10.1038\/srep22087","article-title":"Demethylation of c-MYB binding site mediates upregulation of Bdnf IV in cocaine-conditioned place preference.","volume":"6","author":"Tian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e33435","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0033435","article-title":"Reversal of cocaine-conditioned place preference through methyl supplementation in mice: Altering global DNA methylation in the prefrontal cortex.","volume":"7","author":"Tian","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1002\/med.21600","article-title":"Epigenetic polypharmacology: A new frontier for epi-drug discovery.","volume":"40","author":"Tomaselli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med. Res. Rev."},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-024-02060-9","article-title":"Increased risk of severe neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome in pregnancies with low placental ABCB1 DNA methylation.","author":"Townsel","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Perinatol."},{"key":"B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.114.091728","article-title":"Morphine induces redox-based changes in global DNA methylation and retrotransposon transcription by inhibition of excitatory amino acid transporter type 3-mediated cysteine uptake.","volume":"85","author":"Trivedi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B165","first-page":"631","article-title":"The role of mammalian DNA methyltransferases in the regulation of gene expression.","volume":"10","author":"Turek-Plewa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Biol. Lett."},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0174196","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0174196","article-title":"Methamphetamine induces Shati\/Nat8L expression in the mouse nucleus accumbens via CREB- and dopamine D1 receptor-dependent mechanism.","volume":"12","author":"Uno","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2013.06.016","article-title":"The impact of exposure to addictive drugs on future generations: Physiological and behavioral effects.","volume":"76","author":"Vassoler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3280","article-title":"Epigenetic inheritance of a cocaine-resistance phenotype.","volume":"16","author":"Vassoler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs-2016-0188","article-title":"Increased DNA methylation in the parvalbumin gene promoter is associated with methamphetamine dependence.","volume":"18","author":"Veerasakul","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"key":"B170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e81774","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0081774","article-title":"IL-4\/IL-13-dependent and independent expression of miR-124 and its contribution to M2 phenotype of monocytic cells in normal conditions and during allergic inflammation.","volume":"8","author":"Veremeyko","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2013.05.004","article-title":"Forensic DNA methylation profiling\u2013potential opportunities and challenges.","volume":"7","author":"Vidaki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Forensic Sci. Int. Genet."},{"key":"B172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2020.105139","article-title":"The epitranscriptome in stem cell biology and neural development.","volume":"146","author":"Vissers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"B173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2014.05.040","article-title":"Epigenetic variation in the mu-opioid receptor gene in infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome.","volume":"165","author":"Wachman","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"B174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyr184","article-title":"The epigenotype. 1942.","volume":"41","author":"Waddington","year":"1942","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"B175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2084","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.12322","article-title":"Lamarck rises from his grave: Parental environment-induced epigenetic inheritance in model organisms and humans.","volume":"92","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biol. Rev. Camb. Philos. Soc."},{"key":"B176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A160","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.114-a160","article-title":"Epigenetics: The science of change.","volume":"114","author":"Weinhold","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"B177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12258","article-title":"Enhanced anxiety in the male offspring of sires that self-administered cocaine.","volume":"21","author":"White","year":"2016","journal-title":"Addict. Biol."},{"key":"B178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1641","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2017.8","article-title":"Paternal cocaine taking elicits epigenetic remodeling and memory deficits in male progeny.","volume":"22","author":"Wimmer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2011.02.002","article-title":"Cerebral microglia mediate sleep\/wake and neuroinflammatory effects of methamphetamine.","volume":"25","author":"Wisor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"B180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8948","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5227-14.2015","article-title":"Methyl supplementation attenuates cocaine-seeking behaviors and cocaine-induced c-Fos activation in a DNA methylation-dependent manner.","volume":"35","author":"Wright","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4951","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-01-266221","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms involving sigma receptor-mediated induction of MCP-1: Implication for increased monocyte transmigration.","volume":"115","author":"Yao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.genom.9.081307.164445","article-title":"Transgenerational epigenetic effects.","volume":"9","author":"Youngson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Genomics Hum. Genet."},{"key":"B183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612826666200110111703","article-title":"A single medical marker for diagnosis of methamphetamine addiction - DNA methylation of SHATI\/NAT8L promoter sites from patient blood.","volume":"26","author":"Yuka","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"B184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-018-0016-z","article-title":"Dynamics and function of DNA methylation in plants.","volume":"19","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"B185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2014.08.005","article-title":"Okadaic acid blocks the effects of 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine on consolidation, acquisition and retrieval of morphine-induced place preference in rats.","volume":"86","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"B186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12730","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12730","article-title":"DNMT3a in the hippocampal CA1 is crucial in the acquisition of morphine self-administration in rats.","volume":"25","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Addict. Biol."},{"key":"B187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2015.05.014","article-title":"Prenatal cocaine exposure impairs cognitive function of progeny via insulin growth factor II epigenetic regulation.","volume":"82","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"B188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabm8011","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abm8011","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier-penetrating single CRISPR-Cas9 nanocapsules for effective and safe glioblastoma gene therapy.","volume":"8","author":"Zou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fncel.2025.1566001\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T05:54:09Z","timestamp":1743400449000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fncel.2025.1566001\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"references-count":188,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fncel.2025.1566001"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fncel.2025.1566001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1662-5102"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1662-5102","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"article-number":"1566001"}}