{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T10:45:41Z","timestamp":1787827541485,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758585600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a key mediator of neuroplasticity and responsive to acute physical exercise, providing a link between exercise and brain health. Lactate, a metabolite related to exercise, has been proposed as a potential mediator of the BDNF exercise response; however, lactate\u2019s role in isolation has not yet been determined. To investigate this, 18 young, healthy volunteers (50% female) were recruited to donate blood and muscle before, during, and after a 1-h venous infusion of sodium lactate (125 \u03bcmol \u00d7 kg FFM<jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup> \u00d7 min<jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup>) or isotonic saline. Muscle and blood samples were collected during 120 min of recovery from the infusion. Samples were analyzed for pro-BDNF and mBDNF using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting. The participants reached a peak plasma lactate level of 5.9 \u00b1 0.37 mmol \u00d7 L<jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup> in the lactate trial (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.0002 vs. Pre). Plasma pro-BDNF levels increased 15 min post lactate infusion and stayed elevated throughout the recovery (55%\u201368%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.0286 vs. Saline) while plasma and serum levels of mBDNF showed no significant change (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;gt; 0.05 vs. Saline). Muscle pro-BDNF levels were also unaltered by the lactate infusion (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;gt; 0.05 vs. Saline); however, the expression of pro-BDNF correlated with the proportion of type I muscle fiber area (fCSA%) of the participants (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 18, <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.6746, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.0021). Muscle levels of the mBDNF isoform were non-detectable. In conclusion, these results suggest that lactate in isolation affects circulatory pro-BDNF, but not mBDNF levels. This implies that lactate may partly mediate the exercise response of pro-BDNF in humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2025.1644843","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T05:28:16Z","timestamp":1758605296000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Lactate infusion increases circulating pro-brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in humans"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Julia","family":"R\u00f6ja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas Fiori","family":"Ameller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Grip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Apr\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Moberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057475","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.1057475","article-title":"Effect of acute exercise intensity on cognitive inhibition and well-being: Role of lactate and BDNF polymorphism in the dose-response relationship.","volume":"13","author":"Ballester-Ferrer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. 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