{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T04:16:17Z","timestamp":1790482577312,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Once relegated to the background of striatal circuitry, parvalbumin-expressing interneurons are now emerging as central players in health and disease. Acting as true gatekeepers, striatal PV interneurons are well-described for their role in synchronizing striatal output and balancing excitation and inhibition to sustain coordinated motor and cognitive functions. In this review, we highlight recent advances in understanding their developmental origins, molecular identity, physiological properties, and their roles in striatal function. Furthermore, we examine converging evidence implicating PV interneurons in Huntington\u2019s disease and Autism Spectrum Disorder, where their structural, molecular, and functional alterations position them at the intersection of neurodegenerative and psychiatric research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2026.1717636","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T05:27:41Z","timestamp":1771824461000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["From Balance to Breakdown: striatal PV interneurons in Huntington\u2019s disease and Autism Spectrum Disorder"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Mathieu","family":"Thabault","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork","place":["Cork, Ireland"]},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork","place":["Cork, Ireland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurie","family":"Galvan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NIMES UNIV, APSY-V","place":["N\u00eemes, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(01)00419-5","article-title":"Perineuronal nets in the rhesus monkey and human basal forebrain including basal ganglia","volume":"108","author":"Adams","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1112062","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2023.1112062","article-title":"Developmental deficits of MGE-derived interneurons in the Cntnap2 knockout mouse model of autism spectrum disorder","volume":"11","author":"Ahmed","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. 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