{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:26:40Z","timestamp":1787030800805,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":211,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Cell. Neurosci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampus represents a principal site of adult neurogenesis and exhibits distinct structural and organizational features. Increasing evidence indicates that neural stem cell (NSC) behavior in the SGZ is not solely determined by intrinsic cellular properties, but is critically shaped by its surrounding neurogenic niche. However, current studies largely describe niche-derived regulatory factors in isolation, and a systematic framework integrating these diverse signals remains lacking. In this review, we propose a structured perspective that links the unique anatomical and organizational characteristics of the SGZ to its regulatory mechanisms. We conceptualize SGZ niche regulation as a multi-dimensional and non-hierarchical system, in which multiple interacting components\u2014including spatial organization, metabolic\u2013vascular support, neural circuit activity, immune modulation, and extracellular matrix\u2013mediated signaling\u2014collectively govern NSC state transitions. Within this framework, neurogenesis is understood as an emergent outcome of coordinated changes across these regulatory dimensions rather than the result of single-factor control. We further discuss how shifts in the neurogenic niche under pathological conditions\u2014such as aging, Alzheimer\u2019s disease, and chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) \u2014reshape NSC behavior, driving maladaptive responses that may ultimately lead to dysregulated neurogenesis. By providing a modular and system-level perspective, this review offers a conceptual basis for understanding SGZ regulation and may help identify potential targets for restoring neurogenic capacity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2026.1887577","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:28:00Z","timestamp":1787027280000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The hippocampal subgranular zone neurogenic niche: a modular perspective on neural stem cell regulation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Tengyu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengyu","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeyuan","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingdong","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanyan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Basic Theory Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1126\/science.135.3509.1127","article-title":"Are new neurons formed in the brains of adult mammals?","volume":"135","author":"Altman","year":"1962","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901240303","article-title":"Autoradiographic and histological evidence of postnatal hippocampal neurogenesis in rats","volume":"124","author":"Altman","year":"1965","journal-title":"J. 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