{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T15:00:19Z","timestamp":1790002819028,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neural Circuits"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) modulates cortical plasticity in a frequency-dependent manner, resulting in predictable and lasting augmentation or attenuation of corticospinal excitability. These rTMS effects on synaptic plasticity are partly mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) and share features with long-term depression (LTD) or long-term potentiation (LTP) of excitatory synaptic transmission. In this study, we investigated whether SGE 301 (an NMDAR positive allosteric modulator) alters rTMS-mediated motor cortical plasticity in pentobarbital-anesthetized rats. We tested two modalities: 1\u202fHz for the low-frequency rTMS (lf-rTMS) and 10\u202fHz for the high-frequency rTMS (hf-rTMS) to induce LTD-like and LTP-like plasticity, respectively. We compared corticospinal excitability before and after rTMS by measuring peak-to-peak motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitudes across a range of stimulator outputs. In the lf-rTMS experiment, the magnitude of the reduction of MEP amplitude was similar between the vehicle and SGE-301 groups. In the hf-rTMS experiment, however, the LTP-like plasticity observed in the vehicle group was completely reversed by SGE-301. In conclusion, SGE-301 engages cortical plasticity mechanisms\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    and selectively prevents hf-rTMS-induced LTP-like plasticity without altering lf-rTMS-induced LTD-like plasticity. These findings support the utility of preclinical rTMS as a translational tool for detecting central target engagement by neuroplasticity-modulating compounds.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fncir.2026.1925688","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T05:34:21Z","timestamp":1788845661000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Reversal of repetitive TMS-induced LTP-like plasticity by a novel compound in rats"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Ugur","family":"Damar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Neuromodulation Program, Department of Neurology, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School","place":["Boston, MA, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"MacMullin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Neuromodulation Program, Department of Neurology, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School","place":["Boston, MA, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sameer","family":"Dhamne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Neuromodulation Program, Department of Neurology, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School","place":["Boston, MA, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Rotenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Neuromodulation Program, Department of Neurology, Boston Children\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School","place":["Boston, MA, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1038\/81453","article-title":"Synaptic plasticity: taming the beast","volume":"3","author":"Abbott","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. 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