{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T23:22:22Z","timestamp":1787786542717,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]],"date-time":"2024-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Nephrol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although<jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>is the leading cause of acute infective endocarditis (IE) in adults,<jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>spp. has concomitantly emerged as the leading cause of \u201cblood culture-negative IE\u201d (BCNE). Pre-disposing factors, clinical presentation and kidney biopsy findings in Bartonella IE-associated glomerulonephritis (GN) show subtle differences and some unique features relative to other bacterial infection-related GNs. We highlight these features along with key diagnostic clues and management approach in Bartonella IE-associated GN.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a pooled analysis of 89 cases of Bartonella IE-associated GN (54 published case reports and case series; 18 published conference abstracts identified using an English literature search of several commonly used literature search modalities); and four unpublished cases from our institution.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Bartonella henselae<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Bartonella quintana<\/jats:italic>are the most commonly implicated species causing IE in humans. Subacute presentation, affecting damaged native and\/or prosthetic heart valves, high titer anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), mainly proteinase-3 (PR-3) specificity, fastidious nature and lack of positive blood cultures of these Gram-negative bacilli, a higher frequency of focal glomerular crescents compared to other bacterial infection-related GNs are some of the salient features of Bartonella IE-associated GN. C3-dominant, but frequent C1q and IgM immunofluorescence staining is seen on biopsy. A \u201cfull-house\u201d immunofluorescence staining pattern is also described but can be seen in IE \u2013associated GN due to other bacteria as well. Non-specific generalized symptoms, cytopenia, heart failure and other organ damage due to embolic phenomena are the highlights on clinical presentation needing a multi-disciplinary approach for management. Awareness of the updated modified Duke criteria for IE, a high index of suspicion for underlying infection despite negative microbiologic cultures, history of exposure to animals, particularly infected cats, and use of send-out serologic tests for<jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>spp. early in the course of management can help in early diagnosis and initiation of appropriate treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Diagnosis of IE-associated GN can be challenging particularly with BCNE. The number of Bartonella IE-associated GN cases in a single institution tends to be less than IE due to gram positive cocci, however Bartonella is currently the leading cause of BCNE. We provide a much-needed discussion on this topic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneph.2023.1322741","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]],"date-time":"2024-01-15T09:19:03Z","timestamp":1705310343000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Clinicopathological differences between Bartonella and other bacterial endocarditis-related glomerulonephritis \u2013 our experience and a pooled analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Mineaki","family":"Kitamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alana","family":"Dasgupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Henricks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samir V.","family":"Parikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tibor","family":"Nadasdy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose A.","family":"Bazan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anjali A.","family":"Satoskar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/asn.2008010092","article-title":"The current state of poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis","volume":"19","author":"Rodriguez-Iturbe","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrology"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-019-0178-8","article-title":"Epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment and outcomes of infection-associated glomerulonephritis","volume":"16","author":"Satoskar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-199503000-00001","article-title":"The current spectrum of infectious glomerulonephritis: experience with 76 patients and review of the literature","volume":"74","author":"Montseny","year":"1995","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1995.25","article-title":"Glomerulonephritis associated with MRSA infection: A possible role of bacterial superantigen","volume":"47","author":"Koyama","year":"1995","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2014.424","article-title":"Update on endocarditis-associated glomerulonephritis","volume":"87","author":"Boils","year":"2015","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2012.407","article-title":"Bacterial infection\u2013related glomerulonephritis in adults","volume":"83","author":"Nasr","year":"2013","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.05070516","article-title":"Staphylococcus infection-associated GN - spectrum of igA staining and prevalence of ANCA in a single-center cohort","volume":"12","author":"Satoskar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000324180","article-title":"IgA-dominant postinfectious glomerulonephritis: A new twist on an old disease","volume":"119","author":"Nasr","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nephron Clin Pract"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02827-14","article-title":"Bartonella, a common cause of endocarditis: a report on 106 cases and review","volume":"53","author":"Edouard","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.md.0000165658.82869.17","article-title":"Blood culture-negative endocarditis in a reference center","volume":"84","author":"Houpikian","year":"2005","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-022-06240-w","article-title":"Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in infective endocarditis: a case report and systematic review of the literature","volume":"41","author":"Van Gool","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089777","article-title":"Infective endocarditis with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody: report of 13 cases and literature review","volume":"9","author":"Ying","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/313753","article-title":"Proposed modifications to the duke criteria for the diagnosis of infective endocarditis","volume":"30","author":"Li","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad271","article-title":"The 2023 duke-international society for cardiovascular infectious diseases criteria for infective endocarditis: updating the modified duke","volume":"77","author":"Fowler","year":"2023","journal-title":"America"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.12.024","article-title":"The diagnostic conundrum of glomerular crescents with igA deposits","volume":"8","author":"Kitamura","year":"2023","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keab691","article-title":"Bartonella and Coxiella infections presenting as systemic vasculitis: case series and review of literature","volume":"61","author":"Beydon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s41927-022-00248-0","article-title":"A \u201ccat\u201d-astrophic case of Bartonella infective endocarditis causing secondary cryoglobulinemia: a case report","volume":"6","author":"Vivekanantham","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Rheumatol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfac117","article-title":"Crescentic glomerulonephritis with anti-PR3 ANCA associated with Bartonella henselae infective endocarditis","volume":"15","author":"Andrian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-022-02811-w","article-title":"Bartonella endocarditis and diffuse crescentic proliferative glomerulonephritis with a full-house pattern of immune complex deposition","volume":"23","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36518\/2689-0216.1389","article-title":"Bartonella henselea prosthetic valve endocarditis mimicking vasculitis: A case report with literature review","volume":"3","author":"Fishman","year":"2022","journal-title":"HCA healthcare J Med"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2021.07.021","article-title":"Clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of bartonella infective endocarditis: an 8-year single-centre experience in the United States","volume":"31","author":"Ding","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heart Lung Circ"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICB.0000000000001268","article-title":"Central retinal artery occlusion as presentation of Bartonella endocarditis","volume":"17","author":"Chebolu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Retin Cases Brief Rep"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.19969","article-title":"Bartonella endocarditis presenting as recurrent cerebral mycotic aneurysm","volume":"13","author":"Ogbebor","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmcps2108885","article-title":"Copycat","volume":"385","author":"Dietz","year":"2021","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.5608-20","article-title":"Glomerulonephritis caused by bartonella spp. Infective endocarditis: the difficulty and importance of differentiation from anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-related rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis","volume":"60","author":"Yoshifuji","year":"2021","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/9951264","article-title":"Bartonella-associated endocarditis with severe active crescentic glomerulonephritis and acute renal failure","volume":"2021","author":"Dukkipati","year":"2021","journal-title":"Case Rep Nephrol"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piaa014","article-title":"Identification of an emergent pathogen,Bartonella vinsonii, using next-generation sequencing in a patient with culture-negative endocarditis","volume":"10","author":"Downey","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pediatr Infect Dis Soc"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.20-0088","article-title":"Clinical manifestations associated with bartonella henselae infection in a tropical region","volume":"104","author":"Tay","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3138\/jammi-2020-0013","article-title":"Bartonella quintana infective endocarditis in northern Alberta: A case report","volume":"5","author":"Kleinman","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Assoc Med Microbiol Infect Dis Can"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2324709620970726","DOI":"10.1177\/2324709620970726","article-title":"Systemic bartonellosis manifesting with endocarditis and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis","volume":"8","author":"Shaikh","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203320939632","article-title":"A cat\u2019s scratch or a wolf\u2019s bite","volume":"29","author":"Shmuely","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2020.09.034","article-title":"Cat-scratch disease masquerading as C3 glomerulonephritis","volume":"5","author":"Sutu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.28325","article-title":"Bartonella endocarditis mimics the clinical and immunologic findings of autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome*","volume":"67","author":"Dantuluri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"B34","article-title":"Bartonella endocarditis associated with glomerulonephritis and neuroretinitis","volume":"80","author":"Chavin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicina (B Aires)"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2019-231413","article-title":"Bartonella endocarditis masquerading as systemic vasculitis with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (aka \u2018L\u00f6hlein nephritis\u2019)","volume":"12","author":"Bannon","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2021.03.008","article-title":"Acceptance of coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine among health-care personnel in India: a cross-sectional survey during the initial phase of vaccination","volume":"27","author":"Singhania","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00114-19","article-title":"The brief case: bartonella henselae endocarditis-a case of delayed diagnosis","volume":"57","author":"Rodino","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/9607582","article-title":"Bartonella endocarditis mimicking crescentic glomerulonephritis with PR3-ANCA positivity","volume":"2018","author":"Vercellone","year":"2018","journal-title":"Case Rep Nephrol"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofy186","article-title":"Bartonella infectious endocarditis associated with cryoglobulinemia and multifocal proliferative glomerulonephritis","volume":"5","author":"Babiker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08998280.2017.1400296","article-title":"Bartonella endocarditis with glomerulonephritis in a patient with complete transposition of the great arteries","volume":"31","author":"Hashemi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent)"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23409","article-title":"A 55-year-old male presenting with altered mental status: A complicated case of intracranial aneurysm","volume":"69","author":"Garg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2017.04.001","article-title":"Prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by Bartonella henselae presenting as recurrent fever and imitating granulomatosis with polyangiitis","volume":"116","author":"Sada","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Formosan Med Assoc"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0037-8682-0042-2017","article-title":"Infective endocarditis due to Bartonella bacilliformis associated with systemic vasculitis: a case report","volume":"50","author":"Pe\u00f1afiel-Sam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12701\/yujm.2017.34.1.140","article-title":"C-ANCA-positive glomerulonephritis associated with subacute infective endocarditis caused by Bartonella infection","volume":"34","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Yeungnam Univ J Med"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2305.161238","article-title":"Management of bartonella prosthetic valve endocarditis without cardiac surgery","volume":"23","author":"Papineni","year":"2017","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IPC.0000000000000384","article-title":"Bartonella endocarditis and pauci-immune glomerulonephritis: A case report and review of the literature","volume":"24","author":"Raybould","year":"2016","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin Pract (Baltim Md)"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/inf.0000000000001510","article-title":"Multiorgan involvement confounding the diagnosis of bartonella henselae infective endocarditis in children with congenital heart disease","volume":"36","author":"Ouellette","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5430\/crim.v3n2p29","article-title":"Bartonella Henselae endocarditis mimicking ANCA associated vasculitis","volume":"3","author":"Paudyal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Case Rep Intern Med"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2350\/14-04-1462-cr.1","article-title":"Bartonella henselae endocarditis and glomerulonephritis with dominant C3 deposition in a 21-year-old male with a melody transcatheter pulmonary valve: case report and review of the literature","volume":"17","author":"Georgievskaya","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Dev Pathology"},{"key":"B50","first-page":"1054","article-title":"Bartonella endocarditis imitating anca-associated vasculitis","volume":"4","author":"Olsen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Cardiol Clin Res"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/649763","article-title":"Necrotizing ANCA-positive glomerulonephritis secondary to culture-negative endocarditis","volume":"2015","author":"Van Haare Heijmeijer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Case Rep Nephrol"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nephro.2015.06.003","article-title":"Glom\u00e9rulon\u00e9phrite prolif\u00e9rative et \u00e9rythroblastop\u00e9nie associ\u00e9es \u00e0 une endocardite \u00e0 Bartonella quintana","volume":"11","author":"Lemoine","year":"2015","journal-title":"N\u00e9phrologie Th\u00e9rapeutique"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpids\/piv029","article-title":"Fever and renal failure in a child with diGeorge syndrome and tetralogy of fallot","volume":"4","author":"Itoh","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Pediatr Infect Dis Soc"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2013.10.058","article-title":"Bartonella endocarditis\u2013associated glomerulonephritis: A case report and review of the literature","volume":"63","author":"Khalighi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sft165","article-title":"Touch not the cat bot a glove*: ANCA-positive pauci-immune necrotizing glomerulonephritis secondary to Bartonella henselae","volume":"7","author":"Shah","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lpm.2012.07.031","article-title":"Rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis and aneurism with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody: Bartonella henselae endocarditis","volume":"42","author":"Salvado","year":"2013","journal-title":"Presse Med"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2011.06.032","article-title":"Quiz page january 2012","volume":"59","author":"Forbes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"bcr0820114705corr1","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr.08.2011.4705.corr1","article-title":"Complements do not lie","volume":"2011","author":"Robert","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8191.2011.01287.x","article-title":"Bartonella infective endocarditis of a prosthetic aortic valve with a subvalvular abscess","volume":"26","author":"Idrees","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Card Surg"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000228645","article-title":"Infective endocarditis by bartonella quintana masquerading as antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated small vessel vasculitis","volume":"114","author":"Sugiyama","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cardiology"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540802477889","article-title":"First known case of Bartonella quintana endocarditis in Sweden","volume":"41","author":"Ehrenborg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01095-07","article-title":"Bivalvular Bartonella henselae prosthetic valve endocarditis","volume":"45","author":"Vikram","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2006.02.022","article-title":"Bartonella quintana prosthetic valve endocarditis detected by blood culture incubation beyond 10 days","volume":"17","author":"Sondermeijer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2004.12.035","article-title":"Bartonella species-induced prosthetic valve endocarditis associated with rapid progression of valvular stenosis","volume":"130","author":"Kreisel","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2062","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(05)66701-3","article-title":"A man with chest pain and glomerulonephritis","volume":"365","author":"Turner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.2.945-947.2005","article-title":"Bartonella vinsonii subsp. arupensis as an agent of blood culture-negative endocarditis in a human","volume":"43","author":"Fenollar","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09674845.2004.11732670","article-title":"Culture-negative Bartonella endocarditis in a patient with renal failure: the value of molecular methods in diagnosis","volume":"61","author":"Todd","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J BioMed Sci"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2003.10.027","article-title":"Necrotizing glomerulonephritis caused by Bartonella henselae endocarditis","volume":"43","author":"Bookman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0300-2977(01)00162-0","article-title":"Culture negative endocarditis combined with glomerulonephritis caused by Bartonella species in two immunocompetent adults","volume":"59","author":"van Tooren","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neth J Med"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.20223311S1495b","article-title":"Bartonella endocarditis with crescentic glomerulonephritis mimicking lupus nephritis","volume":"33","author":"Sohail","year":"2022","journal-title":"FR-PO630 J Am Soc Nephrology"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S23","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2022.01.077","article-title":"72 prolonged antimicrobial therapy may be needed for bartonella infection associated glomerulonephritis (IAGN)","volume":"79","author":"Abid","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20543581221150550","DOI":"10.1177\/20543581221150554","article-title":"Bartonella henselae infective endocarditis: A rare cause of pauci-immune necrotizing glomerulonephritis-A case report","volume":"10","author":"Shahzad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Can J Kidney Health Dis"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2021.02.234","article-title":"Bartonella endocarditis-associated ANCA-mediated crescentic glomerulonephritis","volume":"77","author":"Rajashekar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"B74","first-page":"51","article-title":"Bartonella heneslae infective endocarditis mimicking PR3-ANCA glomerulonephritis: A report of two cases","volume":"25","author":"Ping Tan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nephrology"},{"key":"B75","unstructured":"Bartonella subacute bacterial endocarditis manifesting as vasculitis GlennZ AndersonJ Ohio Chapter\/Air Force Chapters Annual Abstract Competition2020"},{"key":"B76","first-page":"370","article-title":"Renal manifestations associated with bartonella infection","volume":"30","author":"Joy","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrology"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ccm.0000552397.92645.3d","article-title":"Cat exposure: an unusual cause of septic shock in a patient with down syndrome","volume":"47","author":"Assaf","year":"2019","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"B78","first-page":"801","article-title":"SA-PO253 Bartonella endocarditis causing immune complex mediated glomerulonephritis","volume":"29","author":"Hamid Mukhtar","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrology"},{"key":"B79","first-page":"801","article-title":"SA-PO252 A challenging diagnosis and a missed treatment opportunity: A case of bartonella endocarditis complicated with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis","volume":"29","author":"Mortagy","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrology"},{"key":"B80","first-page":"800","article-title":"SA-PO249 necrotizing ANCA positive glomerulonephritis associated in culture negative endocarditis","volume":"29","author":"Mendez Castaner","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2018.02.039","article-title":"Taliercio. 33 A case of bartonella endocarditis associated glomerulonephritis","volume":"71","author":"Rami Azem","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Kidney diseases: AJKD: Off J Natl Kidney Foundation"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A2297","DOI":"10.1016\/s0735-1097(18)32838-9","article-title":"More than meets the eye: bartonella henselae endocarditis presenting as acute kidney injury","volume":"71","author":"Darbandi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2185","DOI":"10.1016\/s0735-1097(17)35574-2","article-title":"Aortic valve replacement as a treatment for acute renal failure and transfusion-dependent anemia: a unique presentation of bartonella quintana endocarditis","volume":"69","author":"Boehm","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"B84","article-title":"Renal failure due to Proteinase-3 antibody positive ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis in a patient with Bartonella quintana endocarditis","author":"Rahimi","year":"2016","journal-title":"GW Res Days"},{"key":"B85","first-page":"998A","article-title":"PUB449 A case of immune complex-mediated necrotizing glomerulonephritis due to bartonella infection","volume":"25","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrology"},{"key":"B86","article-title":"Necrotizing glomerulonephritis caused by Bartonella henselae endocarditis. Presented in 1st Congress of Nephrology in Internet 2007","author":"Liapis","year":""},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A15","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(01)80163-3","article-title":"Immune complex glomerulonephritis in a patient with bartonella henselae endocarditis","volume":"37","author":"Chica","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm199307013290102","article-title":"Cat scratch disease in connecticut \u2013 epidemiology, risk factors, and evaluation of a new diagnostic test","volume":"329","author":"Zangwill","year":"1993","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5520(05)70414-1","article-title":"BARTONELLA-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS","volume":"12","author":"Spach","year":"1998","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2012.00324","article-title":"Persistence of Bartonella spp. stealth pathogens: from subclinical infections to vasoproliferative tumor formation","volume":"36","author":"Pulliainen","year":"2012","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/md.0b013e31824dc07a","article-title":"Bartonella henselae infections in solid organ transplant recipients","volume":"91","author":"Psarros","year":"2012","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2004.02.001","article-title":"Infective endocarditis: a five-year experience at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan","volume":"8","author":"Tariq","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.89.3.258","article-title":"Blood culture negative endocarditis: analysis of 63 cases presenting over 25 years","volume":"89","author":"Lamas","year":"2003","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1097\/01.md.0000208503.06288.7b","article-title":"Culture-positive and culture-negative endocarditis in patients with cancer","volume":"85","author":"Yusuf","year":"2006","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000008392","article-title":"Blood culture-negative endocarditis","volume":"96","author":"Fournier","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0063181","article-title":"HACEK infective endocarditis: characteristics and outcomes from a large, multi-national cohort","volume":"8","author":"Chambers","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5414\/CN109495","article-title":"Bacterial endocarditis manifesting as autoimmune pulmonary renal syndrome: ANCA-associated lung hemorrhage and pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis","volume":"90","author":"Mohandes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.6.1921-1933.2004","article-title":"Recommendations for treatment of human infections caused by bartonella species","volume":"48","author":"Rolain","year":"2004","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"B99","volume-title":"Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in adults and adolescents with HIV","year":"2023"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5500\/wjt.v11.i6.244","article-title":"Bartonellosis in transplant recipients: A retrospective single center experience","volume":"11","author":"Pischel","year":"2021","journal-title":"World J Transplant"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ofac059","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofac059","article-title":"Serious and atypical presentations of bartonella henselae infection in kidney transplant recipients","volume":"9","author":"Bos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Nephrology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneph.2023.1322741\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]],"date-time":"2024-11-08T01:40:52Z","timestamp":1731030052000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneph.2023.1322741\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]]},"references-count":101,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fneph.2023.1322741"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneph.2023.1322741","relation":{},"ISSN":["2813-0626"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2813-0626","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,15]]},"article-number":"1322741"}}