{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T05:50:06Z","timestamp":1791352206176,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Netw. Physiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Unilateral hip osteoarthritis (HOA) reshapes whole-body movement, and total hip arthroplasty (THA) restores function only partially\u2014but conventional kinematic analyses fall short of characterizing how the body\u2019s distributed coordination reorganizes. Network analyses of inter-segment kinematic coupling offer a systems-level alternative, but they conventionally collapse the sign of coupling, treating two mechanically distinct relationships as equivalent: segments whose displacement amplitudes covary, rising and falling together, and segments whose amplitudes trade off, one displacing little while the other displaces a great deal. Here, we introduce a signed partial-correlation decomposition of marker-displacement coordination into parallel covarying\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"m1\">\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mml:mo>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:msup>\n                              <mml:mrow>\n                                <mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold\">W<\/mml:mi>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                              <mml:mrow>\n                                <mml:mo>+<\/mml:mo>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <\/mml:msup>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mml:mo>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    and trading-off\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"m2\">\n                        <mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mml:mo>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:msup>\n                              <mml:mrow>\n                                <mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold\">W<\/mml:mi>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                              <mml:mrow>\n                                <mml:mo>\u2212<\/mml:mo>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <\/mml:msup>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mml:mo>\n                        <\/mml:mrow>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    networks, applied to gait from 80 healthy adults and 106 HOA patients assessed before and 6\u00a0months after THA (\n                    <jats:ext-link>ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    Identifier: NCT01907503). HOA reorganizes the two networks in opposite directions: covarying coordination loses modular structure and small-worldness, while trading-off coordination becomes more locally clustered and more small-world; global efficiency falls in both. This is consistent with pain-driven splinting that consolidates a few fixed trading-off configurations. Surgery acts predominantly on covarying coordination, partially restoring its topology, while the trading-off network\u2019s reorganization persists across the six-month post-surgical window\u2014and on one measure, i.e., how broadly each segment spreads its trading-off partners, a deficit emerges during recovery that was absent before surgery. A node-level sign-balance metric shows that the proportion of each segment\u2019s coordination carried by covarying relationships returns to healthy values by 6\u00a0months, even though the underlying networks remain structurally altered. Standard post-surgical care thus restores the gross balance of coordination within 6\u00a0months, while the underlying architecture remains reorganized at that mid-recovery time-point\u2014and, on at least one measure, consolidates further. Whether this reorganization reflects protective motor strategies, and whether training targeted at segmental differentiation would reverse it, are hypotheses that the present observational data raise but cannot test.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fnetp.2026.1916345","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:53:22Z","timestamp":1791348802000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Network analysis reveals that total hip arthroplasty restores shared segmental motion before segmental differentiation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Madhur","family":"Mangalam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska at Omaha","place":["Omaha, NE, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Schlattmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska at Omaha","place":["Omaha, NE, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Deans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation, University of Nebraska Medical Center","place":["Omaha, NE, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Wellsandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Physical Therapy Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center","place":["Omaha, NE, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2013.12.018","article-title":"Gait parameters and muscle activation patterns at 3, 6 and 12 months after total hip arthroplasty","volume":"29","author":"Agostini","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Arthroplasty"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2368","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00302.2018","article-title":"The motor repertoire of older adult fallers may constrain their response to balance perturbations","volume":"120","author":"Allen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiology"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2009.05.020","article-title":"The gait profile score and movement analysis profile","volume":"30","author":"Baker","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gait and Posture"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0142143","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0142143","article-title":"Network physiology: how organ systems dynamically interact","volume":"10","author":"Bartsch","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms1705","article-title":"Network physiology reveals relations between network topology and physiological function","volume":"3","author":"Bashan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Communications"},{"key":"B6","article-title":"Package \u2018lme4","author":"Bates","year":"2009","journal-title":"R. Package Version 11-34"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2010.05.007","article-title":"Lower limb biomechanics during gait do not return to normal following total hip arthroplasty","volume":"32","author":"Beaulieu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gait and Posture"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2815","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.02815","article-title":"Effectsize: estimation of effect size indices and standardized parameters","volume":"5","author":"Ben-Shachar","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Open Source Softw."},{"key":"B9","volume-title":"The Co-ordination and Regulation of Movements","author":"Bernstein","year":"1967"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-022-01483-3","article-title":"Gait analysis dataset of healthy volunteers and patients before and 6 months after total hip arthroplasty","volume":"9","author":"Bertaux","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Data"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"P10008","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-5468\/2008\/10\/P10008","article-title":"Fast unfolding of communities in large networks","volume":"2008","author":"Blondel","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Stat. Mech. Theory Exp."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17830","DOI":"10.1038\/srep17830","article-title":"Muscle networks: connectivity analysis of EMG activity during postural control","volume":"5","author":"Boonstra","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2016.00313","article-title":"Using computational neuroscience to define common input to spinal motor neurons","volume":"10","author":"Boonstra","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111050","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2020.111050","article-title":"Older adults reduce the complexity and efficiency of neuromuscular control to preserve walking balance","volume":"140","author":"da Silva Costa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-9457(91)90046-Z","article-title":"A gait analysis data collection and reduction technique","volume":"10","author":"Davis","year":"1991","journal-title":"Hum. Mov. Sci."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2006.01.007","article-title":"Biomechanical features of gait waveform data associated with knee osteoarthritis: an application of principal component analysis","volume":"25","author":"Deluzio","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gait and Posture"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-13-258","article-title":"Sagittal plane gait characteristics in hip osteoarthritis patients with mild to moderate symptoms compared to healthy controls: a cross-sectional study","volume":"13","author":"Eitzen","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet. Disord."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8298","DOI":"10.1038\/srep08298","article-title":"Anatomical networks reveal the musculoskeletal modularity of the human head","volume":"5","author":"Esteve-Altava","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2011.12.024","article-title":"Post-operative gait analysis in total hip replacement patients\u2014A review of current literature and meta-analysis","volume":"36","author":"Ewen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gait and Posture"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2013.06.032","article-title":"Application of principal component analysis in clinical gait research: identification of systematic differences between healthy and medial knee-osteoarthritic gait","volume":"46","author":"Federolf","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Biomechanics"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E6106","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1711978115","article-title":"Lack of group-to-individual generalizability is a threat to human subjects research","volume":"115","author":"Fisher","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2007.05.020","article-title":"Preoperative gait adaptations persist one year after surgery in clinically well-functioning total hip replacement patients","volume":"40","author":"Foucher","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Biomechanics"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2018.7946","article-title":"Hip strength and range of movement are associated with dynamic postural control performance in individuals scheduled for arthroscopic hip surgery","volume":"48","author":"Freke","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Orthop. and Sports Phys. Ther."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059793","DOI":"10.3389\/fnetp.2022.1059793","article-title":"Inter-muscular networks of synchronous muscle fiber activation","volume":"2","author":"Garcia-Retortillo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Netw. Physiology"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-023-05204-3","article-title":"Network of muscle fibers activation facilitates inter-muscular coordination, adapts to fatigue and reflects muscle function","volume":"6","author":"Garcia-Retortillo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-024-01331-9","article-title":"Age-related breakdown in networks of inter-muscular coordination","volume":"47","author":"Garcia-Retortillo","year":"2025","journal-title":"GeroScience"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2008.11.002","article-title":"The association between degenerative hip joint pathology and size of the gluteus maximus and tensor fascia lata muscles","volume":"14","author":"Grimaldi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Man. Ther."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03288","article-title":"Functional cartography of complex metabolic networks","volume":"433","author":"Guimera","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22679","article-title":"Physical functioning and prediction of physical activity after total hip arthroplasty: Five-year followup of a randomized controlled trial","volume":"68","author":"Heiberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Care and Res."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000098","article-title":"Interaction between pain, movement, and physical activity: Short-Term benefits, long-term consequences, and targets for treatment","volume":"31","author":"Hodges","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. J. Pain"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.10.020","article-title":"Moving differently in pain: a new theory to explain the adaptation to pain","volume":"152","author":"Hodges","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2011.01.013","article-title":"Determinants of range of joint motion in patients with early symptomatic osteoarthritis of the hip And\/or knee: an exploratory study in the CHECK cohort","volume":"19","author":"Holla","year":"2011","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711778","DOI":"10.3389\/fnetp.2021.711778","article-title":"The new field of network physiology: building the human physiolome","volume":"1","author":"Ivanov","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Netw. Physiology"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100201","DOI":"10.1088\/1367-2630\/18\/10\/100201","article-title":"Focus on the emerging new fields of network physiology and network medicine","volume":"18","author":"Ivanov","year":"2016","journal-title":"New J. Phys."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2021.102771","article-title":"Multifractal roots of suprapostural dexterity","volume":"76","author":"Kelty-Stephen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum. Mov. Sci."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaat0497","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aat0497","article-title":"Network structure of the human musculoskeletal system shapes neural interactions on multiple time scales","volume":"4","author":"Kerkman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.00751","article-title":"Muscle synergies and coherence networks reflect different modes of coordination during walking","volume":"11","author":"Kerkman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Physiology"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2019.04.012","article-title":"Neural dedifferentiation in the aging brain","volume":"23","author":"Koen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Cognitive Sci."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v082.i13","article-title":"lmerTest package: tests in linear mixed effects models","volume":"82","author":"Kuznetsova","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.13655975","author":"Laroche","year":"2021","journal-title":"Characteristics of VolunteersFigshare"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1123\/mcj.11.3.276","article-title":"Toward a new theory of motor synergies","volume":"11","author":"Latash","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mot. Control"},{"key":"B42","article-title":"Package \u2018Emmeans","volume":"1107","author":"Lenth","year":"2021","journal-title":"R. Package Version"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14860","article-title":"The kinectome: a comprehensive kinematic map of human motion in health and disease","volume":"1516","author":"Lopez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-018-2230-4","article-title":"Individuals with mild-to-moderate hip osteoarthritis have lower limb muscle strength and volume deficits","volume":"19","author":"Loureiro","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet. Disord."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.02.017","article-title":"Point estimates, Simpson\u2019s paradox, and nonergodicity in biological sciences","volume":"125","author":"Mangalam","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurosci. and Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20220095","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2022.0095","article-title":"Ergodic descriptors of non-ergodic stochastic processes","volume":"19","author":"Mangalam","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. R. Soc. Interface"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s44437-025-00001-y","article-title":"Network analysis reveals the path to recover whole-body coordination after arthroplasty for unilateral total hip osteoarthritis","volume":"1","author":"Mangalam","year":"2026","journal-title":"Npj Exerc. Med. Health"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0290324","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0290324","article-title":"Temporal organization of stride-to-stride variations contradicts predictive models for sensorimotor control of footfalls during walking","volume":"18","author":"Mangalam","year":"2023","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20250454","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2025.0454","article-title":"Mechanical and cognitive postural challenges drive shifts in whole-body coordination network","volume":"23","author":"Mangalam","year":"2026","journal-title":"J. R. Soc. Interface"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1207\/s15366359mea0204_1","article-title":"A manifesto on psychology as idiographic science: bringing the person back into scientific psychology, this time forever","volume":"2","author":"Molenaar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Measurement"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8721.2009.01619.x","article-title":"The new person-specific paradigm in psychology","volume":"18","author":"Molenaar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2006.03.010","article-title":"Gait analysis of patients with resurfacing hip arthroplasty compared with hip osteoarthritis and standard total hip arthroplasty","volume":"22","author":"Mont","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Arthroplasty"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2002811","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.2002811","article-title":"Structure, function, and control of the human musculoskeletal network","volume":"16","author":"Murphy","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199206650.001.0001","volume-title":"Networks","author":"Newman","year":"2010"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"026113","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.69.026113","article-title":"Finding and evaluating community structure in networks","volume":"69","author":"Newman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2002.88.3.1097","article-title":"Sensorimotor integration in human postural control","volume":"88","author":"Peterka","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiology"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering8040047","article-title":"Lower limb kinematics in individuals with hip osteoarthritis during gait: a focus on adaptative strategies and interlimb symmetry","volume":"8","author":"Porta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioengineering"},{"key":"B58","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","year":"2024"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.09.053","article-title":"Consistency-based thresholding of the human connectome","volume":"145","author":"Roberts","year":"2017","journal-title":"NeuroImage."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2024.109162","article-title":"Dynamics of brain-muscle networks reveal effects of age and somatosensory function on gait","volume":"27","author":"Roeder","year":"2024","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-50546-x","article-title":"The effect of dopaminergic treatment on whole body kinematics explored through network theory","volume":"14","author":"Romano","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.10.003","article-title":"Complex network measures of brain connectivity: uses and interpretations","volume":"52","author":"Rubinov","year":"2010","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelekin.2015.10.010","article-title":"Hip joint motion and gluteal muscle activation differences between healthy controls and those with varying degrees of hip osteoarthritis during walking","volume":"25","author":"Rutherford","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Electromyogr. Kinesiol."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2018.12.026","article-title":"Hip joint muscle forces during gait in patients with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome are associated with patient reported outcomes and cartilage composition","volume":"84","author":"Samaan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Biomechanics"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2008.05.001","article-title":"The gait deviation index: a new comprehensive index of gait pathology","volume":"28","author":"Schwartz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gait and Posture"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1054\/jpai.2001.19951","article-title":"The effect of musculoskeletal pain on motor activity and control","volume":"2","author":"Sterling","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Pain"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/39.9.955","article-title":"Range of joint motion and disability in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee or hip","volume":"39","author":"Steultjens","year":"2000","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2007.04.002","article-title":"Action and perception at the level of synergies","volume":"26","author":"Turvey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum. Mov. Sci."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2019.7917","article-title":"Motor control changes in low back pain: divergence in presentations and mechanisms","volume":"49","author":"van Die\u00ebn","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Orthop. and Sports Phys. Ther."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-022-00601-9","article-title":"Null models in network neuroscience","volume":"23","author":"V\u00e1\u0161a","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/0141-1195(86)90098-7","article-title":"A fortran package for generalized, cross-validatory spline smoothing and differentiation","volume":"8","author":"Woltring","year":"1986","journal-title":"Adv. Eng. Softw."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2007.07.007","article-title":"Two simple methods for determining gait events during treadmill and overground walking using kinematic data","volume":"27","author":"Zeni","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gait and Posture"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22329","article-title":"Relationship between strength, pain, and different measures of functional ability in patients with end-stage hip osteoarthritis","volume":"66","author":"Zeni","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Care and Res."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Network Physiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnetp.2026.1916345\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:53:24Z","timestamp":1791348804000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fnetp.2026.1916345\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"references-count":73,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fnetp.2026.1916345"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnetp.2026.1916345","relation":{},"ISSN":["2674-0109"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2674-0109","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]]},"article-number":"1916345"}}