{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T18:08:59Z","timestamp":1785434939126,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2015.00109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,26]],"date-time":"2015-05-26T09:42:27Z","timestamp":1432633347000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Degeneration in Arousal Neurons in Chronic Sleep Disruption Modeling Sleep Apnea"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Polina","family":"Fenik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guanxia","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Xin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sigrid C.","family":"Veasey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2091","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.125.6.2091","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, sleepiness, and quality of life","volume":"125","author":"Goncalves","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-011-0515-z","article-title":"Polysomnographic characteristics of daytime sleepiness in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome","volume":"16","author":"Sun","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sleep Breath"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.163.5.565","article-title":"Continuous positive airway pressure therapy for treating sleepiness in a diverse population with obstructive sleep apnea: results of a meta-analysis","volume":"163","author":"Patel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn895","article-title":"The neurobiology of sleep: genetics, cellular physiology and subcortical networks","volume":"3","author":"Pace-Schott","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1237118","article-title":"The neurobiology of sleep","volume":"29","author":"Siegel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Semin Neurol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-52006-7.00012-5","article-title":"Molecular neurobiology of sleep","volume":"98","author":"Cirelli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Handb Clin Neurol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14041","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3217-07.2007","article-title":"Effects of saporin-induced lesions of three arousal populations on daily levels of sleep and wake","volume":"27","author":"Blanco-Centurion","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20723","article-title":"Adaptive gain and the role of the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system in optimal performance","volume":"493","author":"Aston-Jones","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6023","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4838-13.2014","article-title":"Optogenetic-mediated release of histamine reveals distal and autoregulatory mechanisms for controlling arousal","volume":"34","author":"Williams","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2350","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2000.0742350.x","article-title":"Spatiotemporal interaction of alpha(2) autoreceptors and noradrenaline transporters in the rat locus coeruleus: implications for volume transmission","volume":"74","author":"Callado","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchemneu.2003.10.002","article-title":"The human raphe nuclei and the serotonergic system","volume":"26","author":"Hornung","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Chem Neuroanat"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(81)90773-3","article-title":"Divergent axon collaterals of rat locus coeruleus neurons: demonstration by a fluorescent double labeling technique","volume":"221","author":"Room","year":"1981","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2947","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2008.153874","article-title":"Cholinergic brainstem neurons modulate cortical gamma activity during slow oscillations","volume":"586","author":"Mena-Segovia","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1080\/02713680600776119","article-title":"Retinopetal axons in mammals: emphasis on histamine and serotonin","volume":"31","author":"Gastinger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.3306","article-title":"Effects of chronic sleep fragmentation on wake-active neurons and the hypercapnic arousal response","volume":"37","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4418","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5025-12.2014","article-title":"Extended wakefulness: compromised metabolics in and degeneration of locus ceruleus neurons","volume":"34","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-9-91","article-title":"Disrupted sleep without sleep curtailment induces sleepiness and cognitive dysfunction via the tumor necrosis factor-alpha pathway","volume":"9","author":"Ramesh","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2001.tb05826.x","article-title":"The role of cytokines in physiological sleep regulation","volume":"933","author":"Krueger","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2008.06.066","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor alpha: activity dependent expression and promotion of cortical column sleep in rats","volume":"156","author":"Churchill","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903370403","article-title":"Distribution and characterization of tumor necrosis factor-alpha-like immunoreactivity in the murine central nervous system","volume":"337","author":"Breder","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2009.07.026","article-title":"Validation of a novel method to interrupt sleep in the mouse","volume":"184","author":"Sinton","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/23.8.1c","article-title":"An automated system for recording and analysis of sleep in mice","volume":"23","author":"Veasey","year":"2000","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"4","key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.4572","article-title":"Sustained sleep fragmentation induces sleep homeostasis in mice","volume":"38","author":"Baud","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4025","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5166-10.2011","article-title":"SIRT1 regulation of wakefulness and senescence-like phenotype in wake neurons","volume":"31","author":"Panossian","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902960102","article-title":"Unbiased stereological estimation of the number of neurons in the human hippocampus","volume":"296","author":"West","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2009.03.016","article-title":"Chronic green tea consumption prevents age-related changes in rat hippocampal formation","volume":"32","author":"Assuncao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2014.07.043","article-title":"Chronic sleep restriction elevates brain interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha and attenuates brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression","volume":"580","author":"Zielinski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2007.05.030","article-title":"Hippocampal neurogenesis is reduced by sleep fragmentation in the adult rat","volume":"148","author":"Guzman-Marin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201107-1173OC","article-title":"Sleep fragmentation induces cognitive deficits via nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-dependent pathways in mouse","volume":"184","author":"Nair","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2012.01029.x","article-title":"Sustained sleep fragmentation affects brain temperature, food intake and glucose tolerance in mice","volume":"22","author":"Baud","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2952","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4456-04.2005","article-title":"Stimulation of microglial metabotropic glutamate receptor mGlu2 triggers tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced neurotoxicity in concert with microglial-derived Fas ligand","volume":"25","author":"Taylor","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2013.10.006","article-title":"BDNF mediates adaptive brain and body responses to energetic challenges","volume":"25","author":"Marosi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.4178","article-title":"Chronic sleep fragmentation induces endothelial dysfunction and structural vascular changes in mice","volume":"37","author":"Carreras","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2013.139","article-title":"Sleep fragmentation promotes NADPH oxidase 2-mediated adipose tissue inflammation leading to insulin resistance in mice","volume":"38","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20616","article-title":"Chronic sleep fragmentation promotes obesity in young adult mice","volume":"22","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e45610","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0045610","article-title":"TNF-alpha and temporal changes in sleep architecture in mice exposed to sleep fragmentation","volume":"7","author":"Kaushal","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B37","first-page":"13","article-title":"Effects of sleep fragmentation on sleep and markers of inflammation in mice","volume":"64","author":"Trammell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Comp Med"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-4580(91)90086-Y","article-title":"Different rates of age-related loss for four murine monoaminergic neuronal populations","volume":"12","author":"Tatton","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2011.01.031","article-title":"Age-related loss of orexin\/hypocretin neurons","volume":"178","author":"Kessler","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2014.08.010","article-title":"Changes in orexin (hypocretin) neuronal expression with normal aging in the human hypothalamus","volume":"36","author":"Hunt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2847","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awu222","article-title":"Sleep is related to neuron numbers in the ventrolateral preoptic\/intermediate nucleus in older adults with and without Alzheimer\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s disease","volume":"137","author":"Lim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11393","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.24.11393","article-title":"Regional induction of tumor necrosis factor alpha expression in the mouse brain after systemic lipopolysaccharide administration","volume":"91","author":"Breder","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2013.04.025","article-title":"Overexpression of TNF-alpha in mitochondrial diseases caused by mutations in mtDNA: evidence for signaling through its receptors on mitochondria","volume":"63","author":"Vattemi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.13008","article-title":"Rapid mitochondrial dysfunction mediates TNF-alpha-induced neurotoxicity","volume":"132","author":"Doll","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurochem"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neurology"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,25]],"date-time":"2019-08-25T11:20:43Z","timestamp":1566732043000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/Sleep_and_Chronobiology\/10.3389\/fneur.2015.00109\/abstract"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,26]]},"references-count":44,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2015.00109","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2295"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2295","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,26]]}}}