{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T03:07:40Z","timestamp":1791515260258,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]],"date-time":"2020-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591833600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008392","name":"Sundhed og Sygdom, Det Frie Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2020.00448","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]],"date-time":"2020-06-11T00:27:36Z","timestamp":1591835256000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Acute Neurofilament Light Chain Plasma Levels Correlate With Stroke Severity and Clinical Outcome in Ischemic Stroke Patients"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Helle H.","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catarina B.","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofie S.","family":"H\u00f8gedal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonna S.","family":"Madsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rikke B.","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex A.","family":"Christensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Madsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bettina H.","family":"Clausen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars Henrik","family":"Frich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matilda","family":"Degn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Sibbersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate L.","family":"Lambertsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0804656","article-title":"Thrombolysis with alteplase 3 to 4.5 hours after acute ischemic stroke","volume":"359","author":"Hacke","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.596940","article-title":"Promoting thrombolysis in acute ischemic stroke","volume":"42","author":"Dirks","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1411587","article-title":"A randomized trial of intraarterial treatment for acute ischemic stroke","volume":"372","author":"Berkhemer","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181a0fe3f","article-title":"Combination of CSF N-acetylaspartate and neurofilaments in multiple sclerosis","volume":"72","author":"Teunissen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e75091","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0075091","article-title":"Increased neurofilament light chain blood levels in neurodegenerative neurological diseases","volume":"8","author":"Gaiottino","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458515574148","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid levels of chitinase 3-like 1 and neurofilament light chain predict multiple sclerosis development and disability after optic neuritis","volume":"21","author":"Modvig","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458515599074","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid neurofilament light chain levels predict visual outcome after optic neuritis","volume":"22","author":"Modvig","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.5853\/jos.2017.02565","article-title":"Serum neurofilament light chain levels are related to small vessel disease burden","volume":"20","author":"Duering","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Stroke"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.05.008","article-title":"Serum neurofilament light chain concentration correlates with infarct volume but not prognosis in acute ischemic stroke","volume":"28","author":"Onatsu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2796","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-019-09477-9","article-title":"Circulating neurofilament light in ischemic stroke: temporal profile and outcome prediction","volume":"266","author":"Pedersen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458518791518","article-title":"Are neurofilaments valuable biomarkers for long-term disease prognostication in MS?","volume":"24","author":"Khalil","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1338","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000006282","article-title":"Serum neurofilament light: a biomarker of neuroaxonal injury after ischemic stroke","volume":"91","author":"Tiedt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13554","article-title":"Serum neurofilament light chain in patients with acute cerebrovascular events","volume":"25","author":"De Marchis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-4-2","article-title":"Peak plasma interleukin-6 and other peripheral markers of inflammation in the first week of ischaemic stroke correlate with brain infarct volume, stroke severity and long-term outcome","volume":"4","author":"Smith","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2015-1195","article-title":"Comparison of three analytical platforms for quantification of the neurofilament light chain in blood samples: ELISA, electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and Simoa","volume":"54","author":"Kuhle","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.16.5.885","article-title":"Multicenter trial of hemodilution in ischemic stroke\u2013background and study protocol","volume":"16","author":"Group","year":"1985","journal-title":"Scand Stroke Study Group Stroke"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1159\/000091226","article-title":"Modified rankin scale with expanded guidance scheme and interview questionnaire: interrater agreement and reproducibility of assessment","volume":"21","author":"Shinohara","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2009.02.003","article-title":"Interconversion of the national institutes of health stroke scale and scandinavian stroke scale in acute stroke","volume":"18","author":"Gray","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2943","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awy228","article-title":"Induction of migraine-like headache, but not aura, by cilostazol in patients with migraine with aura","volume":"141","author":"Butt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-11-123","article-title":"No effect of ablation of surfactant protein-D on acute cerebral infarction in mice","volume":"11","author":"Lambertsen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neuroinflamm"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29291","DOI":"10.1038\/srep29291","article-title":"Conditional ablation of myeloid TNF increases lesion volume after experimental stroke in mice, possibly via altered ERK1\/2 signaling","volume":"6","author":"Clausen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-016-1541-5","article-title":"Cell therapy centered on IL-1Ra is neuroprotective in experimental stroke","volume":"131","author":"Clausen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-018-1930-z","article-title":"Post-stroke inflammation-target or tool for therapy?","volume":"137","author":"Lambertsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchemneu.2016.09.004","article-title":"Up-regulation of neurofilament light chains is associated with diminished immunoreactivities for MAP2 and tau after ischemic stroke in rodents and in a human case","volume":"78","author":"Hartig","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Chem Neuroanat"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2018.00161","article-title":"Impaired neurofilament integrity and neuronal morphology in different models of focal cerebral ischemia and human stroke tissue","volume":"12","author":"Mages","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199411000-00013","article-title":"Phosphorylated neurofilaments in neuronal perikarya and dendrites in human brain following axonal damage","volume":"53","author":"Hedreen","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0171558","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0171558","article-title":"Evolution of blood-brain-barrier permeability after acute ischemic stroke","volume":"12","author":"Merali","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10592","article-title":"Early ischemic lesion recurrence within a week after acute ischemic stroke","volume":"54","author":"Kang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2261","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000147295.50029.67","article-title":"Early and late recurrence of ischemic lesion on MRI: evidence for a prolonged stroke-prone state?","volume":"63","author":"Kang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2182","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1802712","article-title":"Five-year risk of stroke after TIA or minor ischemic stroke","volume":"378","author":"Amarenco","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2287","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-011-0553-8","article-title":"Hyperacute detection of neurofilament heavy chain in serum following stroke: a transient sign","volume":"36","author":"Sellner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2011.01.025","article-title":"Levels of phosphorylated axonal neurofilament subunit H (pNfH) are increased in acute ischemic stroke","volume":"304","author":"Singh","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1159\/000440774","article-title":"Serum neurofilament light chain levels are associated with clinical characteristics and outcome in patients with cervical artery dissection","volume":"40","author":"Traenka","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21783","article-title":"Copeptin: a novel, independent prognostic marker in patients with ischemic stroke","volume":"66","author":"Katan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.629212","article-title":"Brain natriuretic peptide predicts functional outcome in ischemic stroke","volume":"43","author":"Rost","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2459","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000029828.51413.82","article-title":"Prognostic relevance of early serial C-reactive protein measurements after first ischemic stroke","volume":"33","author":"Winbeck","year":"2002","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.4137\/JCNSD.S13821","article-title":"Neuronal and glia-related biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with acute ischemic stroke","volume":"6","author":"Hjalmarsson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Cent Nerv Syst Dis"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.62.7.1130","article-title":"Evaluation of serum S100B as a surrogate marker for long-term outcome and infarct volume in acute middle cerebral artery infarction","volume":"62","author":"Foerch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1159\/000314624","article-title":"The temporal profile of inflammatory markers and mediators in blood after acute ischemic stroke differs depending on stroke outcome","volume":"30","author":"Worthmann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.26.8.1393","article-title":"Early intrathecal production of interleukin-6 predicts the size of brain lesion in stroke","volume":"26","author":"Tarkowski","year":"1995","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-11-41","article-title":"Selected acute phase CSF factors in ischemic stroke: findings and prognostic value","volume":"11","author":"Beridze","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2325","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.31.10.2325","article-title":"Proinflammatory cytokines and early neurological worsening in ischemic stroke","volume":"31","author":"Vila","year":"2000","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-001-8170-y","article-title":"Temporal profile of serum anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory interleukins in acute ischemic stroke patients","volume":"22","author":"Perini","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.2334\/josnusd.16-0278","article-title":"IL-1\u03b2, TNF-\u03b1, and IL-6 levels in gingival fluid and serum of patients with ischemic stroke","volume":"58","author":"Wytrykowska","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Oral Sci"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-199909000-00008","article-title":"Increased cytokine release from peripheral blood cells after acute stroke","volume":"19","author":"Ferrarese","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.31.8.1863","article-title":"Serial measurement of vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-beta1 in serum of patients with acute ischemic stroke","volume":"31","author":"Slevin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2009.02731.x","article-title":"Serum VEGF levels in acute ischaemic strokes are correlated with long-term prognosis","volume":"17","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-13-32","article-title":"Clinical significance of plasma VEGF value in ischemic stroke - research for biomarkers in ischemic stroke (REBIOS) study","volume":"13","author":"Matsuo","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200317977","article-title":"VEGF-induced neuroprotection, neurogenesis, and angiogenesis after focal cerebral ischemia","volume":"111","author":"Sun","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23088","article-title":"Effects of vascular endothelial growth factor in ischemic stroke","volume":"90","author":"Ma","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI9369","article-title":"VEGF enhances angiogenesis and promotes blood-brain barrier leakage in the ischemic brain","volume":"106","author":"Zhang","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-200204000-00002","article-title":"Correlation of VEGF and angiopoietin expression with disruption of blood-brain barrier and angiogenesis after focal cerebral ischemia","volume":"22","author":"Zhang","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1179\/174313208X341085","article-title":"Cell adhesion molecules and ischemic stroke","volume":"30","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurol Res"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1186\/s12950-015-0106-z","article-title":"E-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 as biomarkers of 3-month outcome in cerebrovascular diseases","volume":"12","author":"Richard","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Inflamm."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.29.10.2129","article-title":"A longitudinal prospective study of soluble adhesion molecules in acute stroke","volume":"29","author":"Bitsch","year":"1998","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.112.300109","article-title":"Multiple biomarkers for the prediction of ischemic stroke: the PRIME study","volume":"33","author":"Prugger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(01)00635-9","article-title":"Endothelial markers and adhesion molecules in acute ischemic stroke\u2013sequential change and differences in stroke subtype","volume":"161","author":"Kozuka","year":"2002","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2132","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000086466.32421.F4","article-title":"Endothelial and platelet activation in acute ischemic stroke and its etiological subtypes","volume":"34","author":"Cherian","year":"2003","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2009.06.019","article-title":"Plasma levels of inflammatory and thrombotic\/fibrinolytic markers in acute ischemic strokes: relationship with TOAST subtype, outcome and infarct site","volume":"215","author":"Tuttolomondo","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neurology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fneur.2020.00448\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]],"date-time":"2020-06-11T00:27:38Z","timestamp":1591835258000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fneur.2020.00448\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]]},"references-count":59,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fneur.2020.00448"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2020.00448","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2295"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2295","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]]},"article-number":"448"}}