{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T23:26:43Z","timestamp":1787700403432,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]],"date-time":"2021-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold> Intravenous contrast agent enhanced, high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging of the inner ear (iMRI) confirmed that patients with Meni\u00e8re's disease (MD) and vestibular migraine (VM) could present with endolymphatic hydrops (EH). The present study aimed to investigate EH characteristics and their interrelation to neurotologic testing in patients with VM, MD, or VM with concurrent MD (VM-MD).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> Sixty\u2013two patients (45 females, aged 23\u201381 years) with definite or probable VM (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 25, 19 definite), MD (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 29, 17 definite), or showing characteristics of both diseases (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 8) were included in this study. Diagnostic workup included neurotologic assessments including video-oculography (VOG) during caloric stimulation and head-impulse test (HIT), ocular and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (o\/cVEMP), pure tone audiometry (PTA), as well as iMRI. EH's degree was assessed visually and via volumetric quantification using a probabilistic atlas-based segmentation of the bony labyrinth and volumetric local thresholding (VOLT).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> Although a relevant number of VM patients reported varying auditory symptoms (13 of 25, 52.0%), EH in VM was only observed twice. In contrast, EH in VM-MD was prevalent (2\/8, 25%) and in MD frequent [23\/29, 79.3%; \u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>(2) = 29.1, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001, \u03c6 = 0.7]. Location and laterality of EH and neurophysiological testing classifications were highly associated (Fisher exact test, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.005). In MD, visual semi-quantitative grading and volumetric quantification correlated highly to each other (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>S<\/jats:sub> = 0.8, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.005, two-sided) and to side differences in VOG during caloric irrigation (vestibular EH ipsilateral: <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>S<\/jats:sub> = 0.6, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05, two-sided). In VM, correlations were less pronounced. VM-MD assumed an intermediate position between VM and MD.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> Cochlear and vestibular hydrops can occur in MD and VM patients with auditory symptoms; this suggests inner ear damage irrespective of the diagnosis of MD or VM. The EH grades often correlated with auditory symptoms such as hearing impairment and tinnitus. Further research is required to uncover whether migraine is one causative factor of EH or whether EH in VM patients with auditory symptoms suggests an additional pathology due to MD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.594481","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]],"date-time":"2021-03-11T06:40:51Z","timestamp":1615444851000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Endolymphatic Hydrops in Patients With Vestibular Migraine and Concurrent Meniere's Disease"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Sun-Young","family":"Oh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne","family":"Dieterich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bit Na","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rainer","family":"Boegle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Ju","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na-Ri","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Gerb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung-Bae","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerie","family":"Kirsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-2012-0453","article-title":"Vestibular migraine: diagnostic criteria","volume":"22","author":"Lempert","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Vestib Res."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-150549","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for Meni\u00e8re's disease","volume":"25","author":"Lopez-Escamez","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Vestib Res."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e31825d644a","article-title":"Auditory and vestibular symptoms and chronic subjective dizziness in patients with M\u00e9ni\u00e8re's disease, vestibular migraine, and M\u00e9ni\u00e8re's disease with concomitant vestibular migraine","volume":"33","author":"Neff","year":"2012","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102412468671","article-title":"Migraine is a risk factor for sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a nationwide population-based study","volume":"33","author":"Chu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cephalalgia."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-199202000-00006","article-title":"The prevalence of migraine in Meniere's disease","volume":"102","author":"Rassekh","year":"1992","journal-title":"The Laryngoscope."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000036903.22461.39","article-title":"Migraine and M\u00e9ni\u00e8re's disease: is there a link?","volume":"59","author":"Radtke","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3182735","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/3182735","article-title":"The intimate relationship between vestibular migraine and meniere disease: a review of pathogenesis and presentation","volume":"2016","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Behav Neurol."},{"key":"B8","first-page":"1317","article-title":"Observations on the pathology of M\u00e9ni\u00e8re's syndrome: (section of otology)","volume":"31","author":"Hallpike","year":"1938","journal-title":"Proc R Soc Med."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1927","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1959.03010320017005","article-title":"Inner-ear mechanics and deafness. 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