{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T07:12:09Z","timestamp":1783062729386,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,17]],"date-time":"2021-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background and Aims:<\/jats:bold> YKL-40, an inflammatory biomarker, has been reported to be involved in the process and progression of atherosclerosis. Several studies have investigated the association between YKL-40 and plaque and suggested YKL-40 might be a potential biomarker for plaque instability. This study aimed to investigate the association between YKL-40 and carotid plaque instability.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> Based on a community-based study in Beijing from February 2014 to May 2016, 1,132 participants with carotid plaques were enrolled in this study. Data on demographics and medical history were collected through face-to-face interviews, and fasting blood samples were collected and stored. We used ultrasound to evaluate the presence of carotid plaque and its instability. The level of YKL-40 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between YKL-40 level and carotid atherosclerotic plaque instability.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> The mean age of the 1,132 participants was 58.0 (52.0\u201364.0) years, and 560 (49.5%) were male. Unstable plaques were detected in 855 (75.53%) participants. YKL-40 level was classified into four groups according to its quartile: quartile 1: &amp;lt;25.47 ng\/mL, quartile 2: 25.47\u201339.53 ng\/mL, quartile 3: 39.53\u201370.55 ng\/mL, quartile 4: \u226570.55 ng\/mL. After adjusting for age, sex, smoking, alcohol drinking, medical history, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, homocysteine, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and plaque thickness, the top quartiles of YKL-40 level were significantly associated with unstable plaque (quartile 3: OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.29\u20133.40; quartile 4: OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.04\u20132.80).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> This study found that YKL-40 was associated with carotid plaque instability determined by ultrasound. Individuals with high YKL-40 may have a higher risk of unstable carotid plaque.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.622869","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,18]],"date-time":"2021-02-18T21:37:03Z","timestamp":1613684223000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["YKL-40 Is Associated With Ultrasound-Determined Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque 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