{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T13:53:11Z","timestamp":1768312391132,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]],"date-time":"2021-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Encephalopathy has been frequently reported in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) related to COVID-19, and its etiology remains undetermined. These patients display hypercatabolic state, weight loss, use of diuretics, and dialytic therapy, which represent risk factors for thiamine depletion. The diagnosis of Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) is challenging and based on risk factors for the depletion of thiamine. We reported three cases of patients with COVID-19-related WE treated with intravenous thiamine. All patients responded with immediate neurologic improvement, and two of them had accelerated ventilatory weaning. The cases reported suggest that thiamine deficiency could represent relevant etiology of COVID-19-related encephalopathy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.629273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]],"date-time":"2021-02-26T06:11:59Z","timestamp":1614319919000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Wernicke Encephalopathy in COVID-19 Patients: Report of Three Cases"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Marcus Vinicius","family":"Branco de Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel Galera","family":"Bernab\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Irikura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo Batista","family":"Irikura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f4nio Mendes","family":"Fontanelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcus Vin\u00edcius Magno","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2268","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2008597","article-title":"Neurologic features in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection","volume":"382","author":"Helms","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3135","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-020-09990-2","article-title":"Neurological involvement of coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review","volume":"267","author":"Ghannam","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.11648\/j.cmr.s.2015040201.13","article-title":"Alcohol induced neurocognitive impairment (Wernicke-Korsakoff): a hidden syndrome","volume":"4","author":"Dayal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Med Res."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S78","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd.2019.12.82","article-title":"Thiamine (vitamin B1) in septic shock: a targeted therapy","volume":"12","author":"Moskowitz","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753.e7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2016.01.037","article-title":"Does long-term furosemide therapy cause thiamine deficiency in patients with heart failure? 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