{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T15:14:49Z","timestamp":1791213289551,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,5]],"date-time":"2021-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015136","name":"Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015136","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Introduction:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Cognitive decline and dementia are common and debilitating non-motor phenotypic features of Parkinson's disease with a variable severity and time of onset. Common genetic variation of the Apolipoprotein E (\n                    <jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and micro-tubule associated protein tau (\n                    <jats:italic>MAPT<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) loci have been linked to cognitive decline and dementia in Parkinson's disease, although studies have yielded mixed results. To further elucidate the influence of\n                    <jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>MAPT<\/jats:italic>\n                    variability on dementia in Parkinson's disease, we genotyped postmortem brain tissue samples of clinically and pathologically well-characterized Parkinson's donors and performed a survival analysis of time to dementia.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    We included a total of 152 neuropathologically confirmed Parkinson's disease donors with or without clinical dementia during life. We genotyped known risk variants tagging the\n                    <jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u03b54 allele and\n                    <jats:italic>MAPT<\/jats:italic>\n                    H1\/H2 inversion haplotype. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses adjusted for age at onset, sex and genetic principal components were performed to assess the association between the genetic variants and time from motor onset to onset of dementia.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    We found that both the\n                    <jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u03b54 allele (HR 1.82, 95 % CI 1.16\u20132.83,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.009) and\n                    <jats:italic>MAPT<\/jats:italic>\n                    H1-haplotype (HR 1.71, 95 % CI 1.06\u20132.78,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.03) were associated with earlier development of dementia in patients with Parkinson's disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Our results provide further support for the importance of\n                    <jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u03b54 and\n                    <jats:italic>MAPT<\/jats:italic>\n                    H1-haplotype in the etiology of Parkinson's disease dementia, with potential future relevance for risk stratification and patient selection for clinical trials of therapies targeting cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.631145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,5]],"date-time":"2021-02-05T13:14:30Z","timestamp":1612530870000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["APOE and MAPT Are Associated With Dementia in Neuropathologically Confirmed Parkinson's Disease"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jon-Anders","family":"Tunold","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanneke","family":"Geut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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