{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T12:48:04Z","timestamp":1784810884017,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,5]],"date-time":"2021-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>We aimed to investigate the role of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1\u03b2) in the mechanisms underlying mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE+HS). We assessed a cohort of 194 patients with MTLE+HS and 199 healthy controls. Patients were divided into those with positive and negative antecedent febrile seizures (FS). We used a multidimensional approach, including (i) genetic association with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the <jats:italic>IL1B<\/jats:italic> gene; (ii) quantification of the <jats:italic>IL1B<\/jats:italic> transcript in the hippocampal tissue of patients with refractory seizures; and (iii) quantification of the IL-1\u03b2 protein in the plasma. We found a genetic association signal for two SNPs, rs2708928 and rs3730364<jats:sup>*<\/jats:sup>C in the <jats:italic>IL1B<\/jats:italic> gene, regardless of the presence of FS (adjusted <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 9.62e\u201311 and 5.14e\u201307, respectively). We found no difference between <jats:italic>IL1B<\/jats:italic> transcript levels when comparing sclerotic hippocampal tissue from patients with MTLE+HS, without FS, and hippocampi from autopsy controls (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;gt; 0.05). Nevertheless, we found increased IL-1\u03b2 in the plasma of patients with MTLE+HS with FS compared with controls (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.0195). Our results support the hypothesis of a genetic association between MTLE+HS and the <jats:italic>IL1B<\/jats:italic> gene<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.690847","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,5]],"date-time":"2021-08-05T07:53:27Z","timestamp":1628150007000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Multidimensional Approach Assessing the Role of Interleukin 1 Beta in Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Renato O.","family":"Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Secolin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia G.","family":"Barbalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana S.","family":"Silva-Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina K. 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