{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:43:32Z","timestamp":1791852212561,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,9]],"date-time":"2021-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold> The purpose of this study was to evaluate the current state of scientific knowledge regarding physical and psychological factors associated with walking capacity in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) with neurogenic claudication.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Design:<\/jats:bold> Systematic scoping review.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Literature Search:<\/jats:bold> We searched CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), MEDLINE, Cochrane, PsycINFO, and SPORTDiscus databases.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Study Selection Criteria:<\/jats:bold> Cohorts and cross-sectional studies reporting on associations between physical or psychological factors and impaired walking capacity in patients with symptomatic LSS were included.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Data Synthesis:<\/jats:bold> Data were synthetized to identify associations between physical or psychological factors and either walking capacity, gait pattern characteristics, or functional tasks.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> Twenty-four studies were included. Walking capacity was significantly correlated with several pain outcomes, disability, estimated walking distance, and cross-sectional area of the lumbar spine. Gait pattern characteristics such as speed and stride were strongly and positively correlated with disability outcomes. Functional tasks were significantly correlated with lower back and upper limb disability, lower limb endurance strength, ranges of motion, and speed. Associations with psychological factors were mostly conflicting except for the Rasch-based Depression Screener and the Pain Anxiety Symptom Scale (PASS-20) questionnaire that were associated with a decreased performance in functional tasks.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> Physical and psychological factors that are associated with walking capacity in patients with symptomatic LSS were identified. However, many associations reported between physical or psychological factors and walking capacity were conflicting, even more so when correlated with walking capacity specifically.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.720662","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,9]],"date-time":"2021-09-09T14:42:27Z","timestamp":1631198547000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Physical and Psychological Factors Associated With Walking Capacity in Patients With Lumbar Spinal Stenosis With Neurogenic Claudication: A Systematic Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Mari\u00e8ve","family":"Houle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Daniel","family":"Bonneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9e-Anne","family":"Marchand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Descarreaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.05.014","article-title":"Comprehensive nonsurgical treatment versus self-directed care to improve walking ability in lumbar spinal stenosis: a randomized trial","volume":"99","author":"Ammendolia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-016-4881-x","article-title":"Only walking matters-assessment following lumbar stenosis decompression","volume":"26","author":"Budithi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Spine J."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.5312\/wjo.v5.i2.134","article-title":"Pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of intermittent claudication in patients with lumbar canal stenosis","volume":"5","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Orthop."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2356","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30480-X","article-title":"What low back pain is and why we need to pay attention","volume":"391","author":"Hartvigsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2009.03.005","article-title":"Spinal stenosis prevalence and association with symptoms: the Framingham Study","volume":"9","author":"Kalichman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Spine J."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2143","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-020-06339-1","article-title":"Prevalence of lumbar spinal stenosis in general and clinical populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"29","author":"Jensen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Spine J."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-10-121","article-title":"Assessment and management of neurogenic claudication associated with lumbar spinal stenosis in a UK primary care musculoskeletal service: a survey of current practice among physiotherapists","volume":"10","author":"Comer","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2009.11.001","article-title":"Lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"24","author":"Genevay","year":"2010","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2005.05.385","article-title":"Congenital lumbar spinal stenosis: a prospective, control-matched, cohort radiographic analysis","volume":"5","author":"Singh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spine J."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"h6234","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h6234","article-title":"Management of lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"352","author":"Lurie","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2188","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-020-06481-w","article-title":"Diagnostic tests in the clinical diagnosis of lumbar spinal stenosis: consensus and results of an International Delphi Study","volume":"29","author":"Tomkins-Lane","year":"2020","journal-title":"Europ Spine J."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2011.09.023","article-title":"Predictors of walking performance and walking capacity in people with lumbar spinal stenosis, low back pain, and asymptomatic controls","volume":"93","author":"Tomkins-Lane","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e022205","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-022205","article-title":"Better Outcomes for Older people with Spinal Trouble (BOOST) trial: a randomised controlled trial of a combined physical and psychological intervention for older adults with neurogenic claudication, a protocol","volume":"8","author":"Williamson","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-008-0593-1","article-title":"The diagnostic value of a treadmill test in predicting lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"17","author":"Barz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Europ Spine J."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-130390","article-title":"Predictors of objectively measured walking capacity in people with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"26","author":"Tomkins-Lane","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s12998-016-0106-y","article-title":"The boot camp program for lumbar spinal stenosis: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"Ammendolia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chiropr Man Therap."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12257","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-48736-7","article-title":"Feasibility of conducting an active exercise prehabilitation program in patients awaiting spinal stenosis surgery: a randomized pilot study","volume":"9","author":"Marchand","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2011.12.006","article-title":"Quantification of walking ability in subjects with neurogenic claudication from lumbar spinal stenosis\u2013a comparative study","volume":"12","author":"Rainville","year":"2012","journal-title":"Spine J."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-9-89","article-title":"Gait analysis does not correlate with clinical and MR imaging parameters in patients with symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"9","author":"Zeifang","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1824","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2019.07.002","article-title":"Predictors of walking ability after surgery for lumbar spinal canal stenosis: a prospective study","volume":"19","author":"Takenaka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Spine J."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-019-2918-0","article-title":"Psychological factors outmatched morphological markers in predicting limitations in activities of daily living and participation in patients with lumbar stenosis","volume":"20","author":"Quack","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbs036","article-title":"Physical activity and functional limitations in older adults: the influence of self-efficacy and functional performance","volume":"67","author":"Mullen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci."},{"key":"B23","first-page":"18","article-title":"The physical and psychological impact of neurogenic claudication: the patients' perspectives","volume":"61","author":"Ammendolia","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Can Chiropr Assoc."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1097\/XEB.0000000000000050","article-title":"Guidance for conducting systematic scoping reviews","volume":"13","author":"Peters","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Evidence-Based Healthcare."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-5-69","article-title":"Scoping studies: advancing the methodology","volume":"5","author":"Levac","year":"2010","journal-title":"Implement Sci."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e011458","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-011458","article-title":"Development of a critical appraisal tool to assess the quality of cross-sectional studies (AXIS)","volume":"6","author":"Downes","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Open."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.3109\/17453674.2011.566150","article-title":"Correlation between disability and MRI findings in lumbar spinal stenosis: a prospective study of 109 patients operated on by decompression","volume":"82","author":"Sigmundsson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Orthopaed."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1159\/000096861","article-title":"Comparing pain severity and functional status of older adults without spinal symptoms, with lumbar spinal stenosis, and with axial low back pain","volume":"53","author":"Tong","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gerontology."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2013.05.010","article-title":"Associations of self-report measures with gait, range of motion and proprioception in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"38","author":"Conrad","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gait Posture."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2198","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-020-06525-1","article-title":"Handgrip strength correlates with walking in lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"29","author":"Inoue","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Spine J."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2012.06.018","article-title":"Prevalence of symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis and its association with physical performance in a population-based cohort in Japan: the Wakayama Spine Study","volume":"20","author":"Ishimoto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E588","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181f92d8e","article-title":"The risk assessment of a fall in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"36","author":"Kim","year":"2011","journal-title":"Spine."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-15-247","article-title":"Correlation of lateral stenosis in MRI with symptoms, walking capacity and EMG findings in patients with surgically confirmed lateral lumbar spinal canal stenosis","volume":"15","author":"Kuittinen","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jos.2018.09.002","article-title":"Correlation between spinal and pelvic movements during gait and aggravation of low back pain by gait loading in lumbar spinal stenosis patients","volume":"24","author":"Kuwahara","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Orthopaed Sci."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09593985.2020.1855685.","article-title":"Associations between psychological factors and daily step count in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis","author":"Minetama","year":"2020","journal-title":"Physiother Theory Pract"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E136","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e3182a2656b","article-title":"Quantification of changes in gait characteristics associated with intermittent claudication in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"27","author":"Nagai","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Spinal Disord Tech."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR-140578","article-title":"Quality of life and related factors in degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis: a controlled study","volume":"28","author":"\u00d6zdemir","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31824a8314","article-title":"Relationship between ambulatory performance and self-rated disability in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"37","author":"Pryce","year":"2012","journal-title":"Spine."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2017.02.028","article-title":"Association of neuromuscular attributes with performance-based mobility among community-dwelling older adults with symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"98","author":"Schmidt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2010.10.019","article-title":"Walking assessment in people with lumbar spinal stenosis: capacity, performance, and self-report measures","volume":"11","author":"Conway","year":"2011","journal-title":"Spine J."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2812","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181b4836e","article-title":"Degenerative spondylolisthesis in patients with neurogenic claudication effects functional performance and self-reported quality of life","volume":"34","author":"Drury","year":"2009","journal-title":"Spine."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jos.2019.01.006","article-title":"Stride length of elderly patients with lumbar spinal stenosis: multi-center study using the Two-Step test","volume":"24","author":"Fujita","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Orthopaed Sci."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2014.03.013","article-title":"An investigation of the value of tridimensional kinematic analysis in functional diagnosis of lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"40","author":"Garbelotti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gait Posture."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.10.109","article-title":"Walking speed as an alternative measure of functional status in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"122","author":"Grelat","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0197228","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0197228","article-title":"Kinetic and kinematic variables affecting trunk flexion during level walking in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"13","author":"Igawa","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2016.1250123","article-title":"Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis and physical functioning: an exploration of associations between self-reported measures and physical performance tests","volume":"40","author":"Thornes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-018-2111-x","article-title":"Dynamic balance in patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis; a cross-sectional study","volume":"19","author":"Thornes","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/60.9.1163","article-title":"Does fear of falling influence spatial and temporal gait parameters in elderly persons beyond changes associated with normal aging?","volume":"60","author":"Chamberlin","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1421","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003587","article-title":"Preoperative factors predict postoperative trajectories of pain and disability following surgery for degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis","volume":"45","author":"H\u00e9bert","year":"2020","journal-title":"Spine."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neurology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2021.720662\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,9]],"date-time":"2021-09-09T14:42:32Z","timestamp":1631198552000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2021.720662\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,9]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fneur.2021.720662"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2021.720662","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2295"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2295","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,9]]},"article-number":"720662"}}