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Ketones can help combat post-traumatic cerebral energy deficits while also reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and neurodegeneration. Experimental models of TBI suggest that administering ketones to TBI patients may provide significant benefits to improve recovery. However, studies evaluating the effectiveness of ketones in human TBI are limited. Unanswered questions remain about age- and sex-dependent factors, the optimal timing and duration of ketone supplementation, and the optimal levels of circulating and cerebral ketones. Further research and improvements in metabolic monitoring technology are also needed to determine if ketone supplementation can improve TBI recovery outcomes in humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.723148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,22]],"date-time":"2021-10-22T05:15:42Z","timestamp":1634879742000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["The Therapeutic Potential and Limitations of Ketones in Traumatic Brain Injury"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Savannah Anne","family":"Daines","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","unstructured":"Report to Congress on Traumatic Brain Injury in the United States: Epidemiology and Rehabilitation2015"},{"key":"B2","unstructured":"Surveillance Report of Traumatic Brain 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