{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T20:28:27Z","timestamp":1778185707856,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]],"date-time":"2021-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> Secondary stroke prevention after a high-risk, non-disabling ischemic cerebrovascular event needs to be enhanced. The study was conducted to investigate whether remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) is effective in preventing recurrent ischemic events within 3 months.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> This was a four-center, single-arm, open-label Phase IIa futility trial (PICNIC-One Study). Adult patients (\u226518 years of age) who had an acute minor ischemic stroke (AMIS) with a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score \u2264 3 or a transient ischemic attack (TIA) with moderate-to-high risk of stroke recurrence (ABCD score \u2265 4) within 14 days of symptom onset were recruited. Patients received RIC as adjunctive therapy to routine secondary stroke prevention regimen. RIC consisted of five cycles of 5-min inflation (200 mmHg) and 5-min deflation of cuffs (45 min) on bilateral upper limbs twice a day for 90 days.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> A total of 285 patients met the study criteria, of which 167 provided signed informed consent and were enrolled. Data from 162 were analyzed with five subjects excluded. Recurrent AIS\/TIA occurred in 6\/162 (3.7%) patients within 3 months, with no occurrence of hemorrhagic stroke. The top three adverse events were upper limb pain (44\/162, 27.2%), petechia (26\/162, 16.0%), and heart palpitation (5\/162, 3.1%). About 68 (42.0%) subjects completed \u2265 50% of 45-min RIC sessions.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> RIC is a safe add-on procedure and it has a potential benefit in reducing recurrent cerebrovascular events in patients with high-risk, non-disabling ischemic cerebrovascular events as the risk of stroke\/TIA events is lower than expected; however, its compliance needs to be improved. Our study provides critical preliminary data to plan a large sample size, randomized controlled clinical study to systematically investigate the safety and efficacy of RIC in this population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.748916","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]],"date-time":"2021-12-16T06:46:06Z","timestamp":1639637166000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Preventing Ischemic Cerebrovascular Events in High-Risk Patients With Non-disabling Ischemic Cerebrovascular Events Using Remote Ischemic Conditioning: A Single-Arm 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