{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T14:00:04Z","timestamp":1776693604804,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,19]],"date-time":"2021-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Accumulating evidence suggests that individual variations in vestibular functions are associated with motion sickness (MS) susceptibility. We investigated whether vestibular functions in the reflex and cortical pathways could predict the susceptibility of individuals to MS. MS-susceptible and control adults were recruited according to the Motion Sickness Susceptibility Questionnaire (MSSQ) score. Otolith reflex and cortical functions were assessed using the ocular counter rolling test and the head-tilt subjective visual vertical (HT-SVV) test, respectively. The bilateral asymmetry of each function was compared between the MS-susceptible and the control groups. Although the two tests for otolith functions were conducted using the same stimulation (lateral head tilt), bilateral asymmetry of otolith reflex rather than cortical function was significantly associated with MS susceptibility. Our data suggests that bilateral asymmetry in the otolith reflex pathway is capable of predicting susceptibility to MS to some extent. Our data also suggest that the association between vestibular function and MS susceptibility can vary based on the vehicle types. Future vehicles, such as self-driving cars, will make us aware of other vestibular functions associated with MS susceptibility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.759764","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,19]],"date-time":"2021-11-19T07:14:58Z","timestamp":1637306098000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Bilateral Asymmetry in Ocular Counter-Rolling Reflex Is Associated With Individual Motion Sickness Susceptibility"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Tomoko","family":"Sugawara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiro","family":"Wada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taeko","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Sakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","first-page":"316","article-title":"Motion sickness susceptibility and related behavioral characteristics in men and women","volume":"48","author":"Lentz","year":"1977","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"key":"B2","first-page":"399","article-title":"A survey of the occurrence of motion sickness amongst passengers at sea","volume":"59","author":"Lawther","year":"1988","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"key":"B3","first-page":"1051","article-title":"Effects of ethnicity and gender on motion sickness susceptibility","volume":"76","author":"Klosterhalfen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-130501","article-title":"Motion sickness susceptibility in healthy subjects and vestibular patients: effects of gender, age and trait-anxiety","volume":"23","author":"Paillard","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Vestib Res"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-200702","article-title":"Individual predictors of the susceptibility for motion-related sickness: a systematic review","volume":"30","author":"Mittelstaedt","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Vestib Rese"},{"key":"B6","first-page":"587","article-title":"Some psychological correlates of motion sickness susceptibility","volume":"48","author":"Collins","year":"1977","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1177\/014107687807101109","article-title":"Motion sickness adaptation: a neural mismatch model","volume":"71","author":"Reason","year":"1978","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"key":"B8","first-page":"362","article-title":"Sensory conflict in motion sickness: an observer theory approach","volume-title":"Pictorial Communication in Virtual and Real Environments","author":"Oman","year":"1991"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-3342-1_25","article-title":"Motion sickness","volume-title":"Vertigo: Its Multisensory Syndromes","author":"Brandt","year":"1991"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2014-308331","article-title":"Motion sickness in migraine and vestibular disorders","volume":"86","author":"Murdin","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1460","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.33.11.1460","article-title":"Ocular counterrolling as an indicator of vestibular otolith function","volume":"33","author":"Diamond","year":"1983","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00237739","article-title":"European vestibular experiments on the spacelab-1 mission: 1. 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