{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T19:58:48Z","timestamp":1790366328962,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]],"date-time":"2021-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638921600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Introduction:<\/jats:bold> Mossy fiber sprouting (MFS) is a frequent histopathological finding in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and is involved in the pathology of TLE. However, molecular signals underlying MFS remain unclear. Partitioning defective 3(Par3), atypical protein kinase C-\u03bb(aPKC-\u03bb), and lethal giant larvae 1(Lgl1) were involved in the neuronal polarity and axon growth. The potential roles of those proteins in MFS and epileptogenesis of TLE were investigated.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Material and Methods:<\/jats:bold> The epileptic rat models were established by intracerebroventricular injection of kainic acid (KA). The degree of MFS was measured by using Timm staining, Neuronal loss and the expression aPKC-\u03bb, Par3, and Lgl1 in hippocampus were measured by using immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> The neuronal loss in CA3 region was observed from 3 days to 8 weeks, while the neuronal loss in the hilar region was observed from 1 to 8 weeks in experimental group. The Timm score in the CA3 region in experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group from 2 to 8 weeks. Compared with control group, the expressions of Par3 and Lgl1 were upregulated and the expression of aPKC-\u03bb was downregulated in the experimental groups. Positive correlation between the Par3 expression and Timm scores, and the negative correlation between the aPKC-\u03bb expression and Timm scores in CA3 region were discovered in experimental group.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> The findings of the present study indicated that aPKC-\u03bb, Par3, and Lgl1 may be involved in MFS and in the epileptogenesis of temporal lobe epilepsy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.780042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]],"date-time":"2021-12-08T04:57:54Z","timestamp":1638939474000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Altered Expression of Par3, aPKC-\u03bb, and Lgl1 in Hippocampus in Kainic Acid-Induced Status Epilepticus Rat 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