{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T12:37:41Z","timestamp":1772109461339,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]],"date-time":"2022-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643587200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004001","name":"Guizhou Science and Technology Department","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore the surgical approach and technique of neuroendoscopic endonasal resection of pediatric craniopharyngiomas and to further evaluate its safety and effect in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The clinical data of 8 children with craniopharyngiomas who were surgically treated by neuroendoscopy through an extended endonasal approach in our center from 2018 to 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The related surgical approach and technique were evaluated to improve the surgical results and further reduce the surgical complications when removing craniopharyngioma in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All 8 patients achieved a gross-total resection of the tumor under neuroendoscopy. Postoperatively, 2 cases of transient hyperthermia and 4 cases of transient hyper- and\/or hyponatremia occurred within the first 2 weeks, all of which were quickly controlled. Seven patients had symptoms of diabetes insipidus to varying degrees after the operation, and 4 of them improved within 1\u20133 months after surgery, but 3 cases still needed oral pituitrin. There were no cases of coma or death, leakage of cerebrospinal fluid, or severe electrolyte imbalance after surgery. During the postoperative follow-up of 3 months to 2 years, no tumor recurrence was found. Among the 7 patients who suffered postoperative neuroendocrine deficiencies, 3 patients were found to be temporary during the follow-up, but 4 patients still required hormone replacement therapy. Particularly, postoperative visual deterioration and olfactory defect that occurred in patients were all improved during follow-up periods. In addition, 4 cases of obesity were noted at the last follow-up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Extended neuroendoscopic endonasal resection of craniopharyngiomas may be used as a safe and effective approach for children. Due to the poor pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus and worse compliance of treatment in children, surgical techniques of exposing the sellar region, removing the tumor, and reconstructing the skull base, as well as postoperative management of patients was proposed. However, due to the limited surgical cases in the study, the surgical safety and effects of the extended neuroendoscopic endonasal approach for children with craniopharyngiomas need to be further studied in the future.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.771236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]],"date-time":"2022-01-31T07:22:22Z","timestamp":1643613742000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Extended Neuroendoscopic Endonasal Approach for Resection of Craniopharyngioma in Children"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Danyang","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sungel","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feiji","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingxiang","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shunwu","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.21771","article-title":"Craniopharyngioma: a pathologic, clinical, and surgical review","volume":"34","author":"Fernandez-Miranda","year":"2012","journal-title":"Head Neck."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.2478\/raon-2019-0036","article-title":"Advances in the management of craniopharyngioma in children and adults","volume":"53","author":"Jensterle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Radiol Oncol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1080\/17446651.2020.1770081","article-title":"Craniopharyngioma treatment: an updated summary of important clinicopathological concepts","volume":"15","author":"Prieto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.23736\/S0390-5616.18.04376-X","article-title":"The limits of transsellar\/transtuberculum surgery for craniopharyngioma","volume":"62","author":"Koutourousiou","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Sci."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.23736\/S0390-5616.18.04331-X","article-title":"Limits of endoscopic endonasal surgery for III ventricle craniopharyngiomas","volume":"62","author":"Hardesty","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Sci."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1621738","article-title":"Pediatric Craniopharyngiomas: A Primer for the Skull Base Surgeon","volume":"79","author":"Graffeo","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg Part B, Skull Base."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-012-0414-8","article-title":"Surgery for craniopharyngioma","volume":"16","author":"Buchfelder","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pituitary."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-012-1926-2","article-title":"A systematic review of the results of surgery and radiotherapy on tumor control for pediatric craniopharyngioma","volume":"29","author":"Clark","year":"2013","journal-title":"Child's Nerv Syst."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wjorl.2020.01.007","article-title":"Pediatric sinonasal and skull base lesions","volume":"6","author":"Riley","year":"2020","journal-title":"World J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3171\/2020.7.JNS20257","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal versus transcranial surgery for primary resection of craniopharyngiomas based on a new QST classification system: a comparative series of 315 patients","volume":"1","author":"Fan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neurosurg."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S145","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22326","article-title":"ICAR: endoscopic skull-base surgery","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Forum Allergy Rhinol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucir.2013.05.002","volume":"24","author":"Simal-Juli\u00e1n","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurocirugia."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0000000000000264","article-title":"Update on childhood craniopharyngiomas","volume":"23","author":"Cohen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1981","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-0174","article-title":"Consequences of craniopharyngioma surgery in children","volume":"96","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000380","article-title":"Malignant transformation in craniopharyngiomas","volume":"75","author":"Sofela","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosurgery."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E10","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.1.FOCUS09297","article-title":"Radiation therapy for pediatric craniopharyngioma","volume":"28","author":"Kiehna","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2010.10.004","article-title":"Management of recurrent craniopharyngioma","volume":"18","author":"Liubinas","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.4.PEDS18612","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal resection versus open surgery for pediatric craniopharyngioma: comparison of outcomes and complications","volume":"7","author":"Madsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2081","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-019-04335-5","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery for pediatric brain tumors","volume":"35","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Child's Nerv Syst."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2017","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2018.09.013","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery in pediatric patients. A single center experience","volume":"46","author":"Giovannetti","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Cranio-maxillo-facial Sur."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109786","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2019.109786","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach for pediatric craniopharyngiomas: A case series","volume":"130","author":"Schelini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-021-05108-9","article-title":"Endoscopic extended transsphenoidal surgery for newly diagnosed paediatric craniopharyngiomas","volume":"37","author":"Javadpour","year":"2021","journal-title":"Child's Nerv Syst."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.08.058","article-title":"Outcomes after endoscopic endonasal resection of craniopharyngiomas in the pediatric population","volume":"108","author":"Patel","year":"2017","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2099","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-019-04258-1","article-title":"Outcomes following endoscopic endonasal resection of sellar and supresellar lesions in pediatric patients","volume":"35","author":"Koumas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Child's Nerv Syst."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2016.12.019","article-title":"Risk factors for cerebrospinal fluid leak in pediatric patients undergoing endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery","volume":"93","author":"Stapleton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.7.PEDS17295","article-title":"Suprasellar and recurrent pediatric craniopharyngiomas: expanding indications for the extended endoscopic transsphenoidal approach","volume":"21","author":"Alalade","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-019-04168-2","article-title":"The endoscopic endonasal approach for pediatric craniopharyngiomas: the key lessons learned","volume":"35","author":"d'Avella","year":"2019"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.10.PEDS17254","article-title":"Therapeutic outcomes of transsphenoidal surgery in pediatric patients with craniopharyngiomas: a single-center study","volume":"21","author":"Yamada","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.10.PEDS12160","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery in the pediatric population","volume":"11","author":"Chivukula","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.6.JNS122259","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal surgery for craniopharyngiomas: surgical outcome in 64 patients","volume":"119","author":"Koutourousiou","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurosurg."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2010.08.009","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery for sellar tumors in children","volume":"74","author":"Locatelli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-020-02490-y","article-title":"Sphenoid sinuses: pneumatisation and anatomical variants-what the radiologist needs to know and report to avoid intraoperative complications","volume":"42","author":"Cellina","year":"2020","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2016.12.123","article-title":"Is complex sphenoidal sinus anatomy a contraindication to a transsphenoidal approach for resection of sellar lesions?","volume":"100","author":"Locatelli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Case Ser Rev Lit World Neurosurg."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1227\/01.neu.0000289708.49684.47","article-title":"Extended endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach to the suprasellar area: anatomic considerations\u2014part 1","volume":"61","author":"Cavallo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2011.04172.x","article-title":"The impact of the site of origin and rate of tumour growth on clinical outcome in children with craniopharyngiomas","volume":"76","author":"Qi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nlaa087","article-title":"Membrane structures between craniopharyngioma and the third ventricle floor based on the QST classification and its significance: a pathological study","volume":"79","author":"Qi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.10.PEDS143","article-title":"A membranous structure separating the adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis: an anatomical study and its clinical application for craniopharyngioma","volume":"15","author":"Lu YT Qi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nly083","article-title":"Pathological relationship between adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma and adjacent structures based on QST classification","volume":"77","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-0173-1","article-title":"Understanding treatment options in craniopharyngioma better","volume":"6","author":"Qi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.4103\/jpn.JPN_4_19","article-title":"Relation between febrile seizure recurrence and hyponatremia in children: a single-center trial","volume":"15","author":"Navaeifar","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pediatr Neurosci."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s00063-012-0120-3","volume":"108","author":"Heinrich","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neurology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2022.771236\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,17]],"date-time":"2024-09-17T16:48:40Z","timestamp":1726591720000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2022.771236\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fneur.2022.771236"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2022.771236","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2295"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2295","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]]},"article-number":"771236"}}