{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T01:54:24Z","timestamp":1777600464578,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Since 2020, over 250 million doses of mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have been administered in the United States and hundreds of millions worldwide between the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. To date, there have been rare reports associating mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines with episodes of inflammatory and autoimmune CNS disorders. We report a case series of five patients with new-onset neurological disorders of inflammatory or immunological origin temporally associated with these vaccines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A case-series of five patients within a single 23-hospital health system who developed new-onset CNS inflammatory disease within 2 weeks of receiving a dose of an mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Five cases of post-vaccination CNS disorders of immune origin (fatal ADEM; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 1, new-onset NMOSD; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 2, new-clinical onset MS-like syndrome but with preexisting clinically silent mild demyelination; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 1, meningoencephalitis; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 1) observed within 2 weeks of inoculation with either the first or second dose of mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines (Moderna = 3, Pfizer = 2).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>To our knowledge, these are among the emerging cases of CNS adverse events of immunological or inflammatory origin. These findings should be interpreted with great caution as they neither prove a mechanistic link nor imply a potential long-term increased risk in post-vaccination CNS autoimmunity. Larger prospective studies assessing the potential association between mRNA-based vaccination and the development of neurological adverse events of suspected immune origin, particularly among those with underlying CNS or systemic autoimmune disorders, are needed. The use of mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines should continue to be strongly encouraged given their high efficacy in overcoming this pandemic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.796882","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T08:23:49Z","timestamp":1645691029000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["A Single-Health System Case Series of New-Onset CNS Inflammatory Disorders Temporally Associated With mRNA-Based SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ahmad 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