{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:31:18Z","timestamp":1787164278625,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to assess the effect of noise exposure on bottom-up and top-down attention functions in industrial workers based on behavioral and brain responses recorded by the multichannel electroencephalogram (EEG).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this cross-sectional study, 563 shipyard noise-exposed workers with clinical normal hearing were recruited for cognitive testing. Personal cumulative noise exposure (CNE) was calculated with the long-term equivalent noise level and employment duration. The performance of cognitive tests was compared between the high CNE group (H-CNE, &amp;gt;92.2) and the low CNE group; additionally, brain responses were recorded with a 256-channel EEG from a subgroup of 20 noise-exposed (NG) workers, who were selected from the cohort with a pure tone threshold &amp;lt;25 dB HL from 0.25 to 16 kHz and 20 healthy controls matched for age, sex, and education. P300 and mismatch negativity (MMN) evoked by auditory stimuli were obtained to evaluate the top-down and bottom-up attention functions. The sources of P300 and MMN were investigated using GeoSource.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The total score of the cognitive test (24.55 \u00b1 3.71 vs. 25.32 \u00b1 2.62,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.01) and the subscale of attention score (5.43 \u00b1 1.02 vs. 5.62 \u00b1 0.67,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001) were significantly lower in the H-CNE group than in the L-CNE group. The attention score has the fastest decline of all the cognitive domain dimensions (slope = \u22120.03 in individuals under 40 years old,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001; slope = \u22120.06 in individuals older than 40 years old,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001). When NG was compared with controls, the P300 amplitude was significantly decreased in NG at Cz (3.9 \u00b1 2.1 vs. 6.7 \u00b1 2.3 \u03bcV,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001). In addition, the latency of P300 (390.7 \u00b1 12.1 vs. 369.4 \u00b1 7.5 ms,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001) and MMN (172.8 \u00b1 15.5 vs. 157.8 \u00b1 10.5 ms,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.01) was significantly prolonged in NG compared with controls. The source for MMN for controls was in the left BA11, whereas the noise exposure group's source was lateralized to the BA20.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Long-term exposure to noise deteriorated the bottom-up and top-down attention functions even in the absence of threshold shifts, as evidenced by behavioral and brain responses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.836683","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]],"date-time":"2022-02-28T23:34:40Z","timestamp":1646091280000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Bottom-Up and Top-Down Attention Impairment Induced by Long-Term Exposure to Noise in the Absence of Threshold Shifts"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiajia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shujian","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanmei","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuang","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shankai","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1307272","article-title":"Environmental 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