{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T19:27:08Z","timestamp":1782415628234,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]],"date-time":"2022-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Multifocal brain abscesses caused by invasive <jats:italic>Streptococcus intermedia<\/jats:italic> are relatively rare. Here, we present a 67-year-old male was admitted to the hospital for unconsciousness and fever. The computed tomography (CT) examination showed multiple intracranial space-occupying and \u201ccavity-like\u201d changes in the right lower lung. The examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was consistent with typical bacterial meningitis, CSF analyses revealed leukocytosis (10,300 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\/L), elevated protein levels (140.39 mg\/dL), decreased glucose levels (0.27 mmol\/L), and normal chloride concentration level (120.2 mmol\/L), however, pathogens were not detected in the cultures. Then, the CSF and sputum samples were analyzed using meta-genomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), and <jats:italic>S. intermedia<\/jats:italic> was detected in both samples. We adjusted the use of antibiotics according to the results of mNGS in time. After anti-infective treatment, the patient achieved good treatment results in a very short time. This case highlights the mNGS can identify pathogens of brain abscess, and provide strong evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment strategy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.893627","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]],"date-time":"2022-08-12T06:46:35Z","timestamp":1660286795000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Multifocal brain abscesses caused by invasive Streptococcus intermedia: A case report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Lin","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sansong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zuan","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1301635","article-title":"Brain abscess","volume":"371","author":"Brouwer","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2021.11.021","article-title":"Long-term use of valproic acid reduced mortality in bipolar disorder patients in a Taiwanese population: an association analysis using the national health insurance research database (NHIRD)","volume":"149","author":"Hsieh","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728075","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.728075","article-title":"Case report: Subtherapeutic vancomycin and meropenem concentrations due to augmented renal clearance in a patient with intracranial infection caused by Streptococcus intermedius","volume":"12","author":"Fransson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-021-07829-2","article-title":"Pangenome analysis and virulence profiling of Streptococcus intermedius","volume":"22","author":"Sinha","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Genomics."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000725","article-title":"Neuroradiology of infectious diseases","volume":"34","author":"Singh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2021.12.322","article-title":"Diagnosis, management, and outcomes of brain abscess due to gram-negative versus gram-positive bacteria","volume":"115","author":"Campioli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e17670","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000017670","article-title":"Retrospective analysis of brain abscess in 183 patients: a 10-year survey","volume":"98","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.03.028","article-title":"Molecular diagnosis of polymicrobial brain abscesses with 16S-rDNA-based next-generation sequencing","volume":"27","author":"Stebner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/hvab173","article-title":"The role of metagenomics and next-generation sequencing in infectious disease diagnosis","volume":"68","author":"Miller","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Chem."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000833","article-title":"d'Humi\u00e8res C, Sonneville R. 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