{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T17:50:00Z","timestamp":1792518600426,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]],"date-time":"2022-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656460800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The inner ear can be insulted by various noxious stimuli, including drugs (cisplatin and aminoglycosides) and over-acoustic stimulation. These stimuli damage the hair cells giving rise to progressive hearing loss. Systemic drugs have attempted protection from ototoxicity. Most of these drugs poorly reach the inner ear with consequent ineffective action on hearing. The reason for these failures resides in the poor inner ear blood supply, the presence of the blood-labyrinthine barrier, and the low permeability of the round window membrane (RWM). This article presents a review of the use of nanoparticles (NPs) in otoprotection. NPs were recently used in many fields of medicine because of their ability to deliver drugs to the target organs or cells. The studies included in the review regarded the biocompatibility of the used NPs by <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> experiments. In most studies, NPs proved safe without a significant decrease in cell viability or signs of ototoxicity. Many nano-techniques were used to improve the drugs' kinetics and efficiency. These techniques included encapsulation, polymerization, surface functionalization, and enhanced drug release. In such a way, it improved drug transmission through the RWM with increased and prolonged intra-cochlear drug concentrations. In all studies, the fabricated drug-NPs effectively preserved the hair cells and the functioning hearing from exposure to different ototoxic stimuli, simulating the actual clinical circumstances. Most of these studies regarded cisplatin ototoxicity due to the wide use of this drug in clinical oncology. Dexamethasone (DEX) and antioxidants represent the most used drugs in most studies. These drugs effectively prevented apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production caused by ototoxic stimuli. These various successful experiments confirmed the biocompatibility of different NPs and made it successfully to human clinical trials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.912647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]],"date-time":"2022-06-29T05:45:45Z","timestamp":1656481545000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The Use of Nanoparticles in Otoprotection"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Barbara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerio","family":"Margani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edoardo","family":"Covelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Filippi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Volpini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ola M.","family":"El-Borady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maged","family":"El-Kemary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saad","family":"Elzayat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haitham H.","family":"Elfarargy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.3109\/00016488809125107","article-title":"Barrier systems in the inner ear","volume":"458","author":"Juhn","year":"1988","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol Suppl."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1963","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-013-1421-y","article-title":"Water permeability of the mammalian cochlea: functional features of an aquaporin-facilitated water shunt at the perilymph-endolymph barrier","volume":"466","author":"Eckhard","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2571","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-015-1720-6","article-title":"Regulation of the perilymphatic-endolymphatic water shunt in the cochlea by membrane translocation of aquaporin-5","volume":"467","author":"Eckhard","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1097\/MOO.0b013e32833d30f0","article-title":"Round window perfusion dynamics: implications for intracochlear therapy","volume":"18","author":"Bowe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e31818658ea","article-title":"Permeability of the round window membrane is influenced by the composition of applied drug solutions and by common surgical procedures","volume":"29","author":"Mikulec","year":"2008","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198806001-00002","article-title":"Experimental studies on round window structure: function and permeability","volume":"98","author":"Goycoolea","year":"1988","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1080\/000164801300366552","article-title":"Clinical aspects of round window membrane permeability under normal and pathological conditions","volume":"121","author":"Goycoolea","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1002\/lio2.336","article-title":"Inner ear delivery: challenges and opportunities","volume":"5","author":"Szeto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-3615-1_21","article-title":"An overview of nanoparticle-based delivery for treatment of inner ear disorders","volume":"1427","author":"Pyykk\u00f6","year":"2016","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1080\/00016480600895102","article-title":"Transsynaptic delivery of nanoparticles to the central auditory nervous system","volume":"127","author":"Praetorius","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1080\/21691401.2019.1573182","article-title":"Nanoparticle-based drug delivery in the inner ear: current challenges, limitations and opportunities","volume":"47","author":"Mittal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1684046","article-title":"Ototoxicity: visualized in concept maps","volume":"40","author":"Watts","year":"2019","journal-title":"Semin Hear."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1097\/MOO.0b013e3282eee452","article-title":"Mechanisms of cisplatin ototoxicity and progress in otoprotection","volume":"15","author":"Rybak","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7517","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S170130","article-title":"A666-conjugated nanoparticles target prestin of outer hair cells preventing cisplatin-induced hearing loss","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Nanomedicine"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2011.12.042","article-title":"Prestin binding peptides as ligands for targeted polymersome mediated drug delivery to outer hair cells in the inner ear","volume":"424","author":"Surovtseva","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4211","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S195336","article-title":"Dexamethasone-loaded injectable silk-polyethylene glycol hydrogel alleviates cisplatin-induced ototoxicity","volume":"14","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Nanomedicine"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15160","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6b04901","article-title":"Nature-derived aloe vera gel blended silk fibroin film scaffolds for cornea endothelial cell regeneration and transplantation","volume":"8","author":"Kim do","year":"2016","journal-title":"ACS Appl Mater Interfaces"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2016.02.048","article-title":"Inner ear delivery of dexamethasone using injectable silk-polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel","volume":"503","author":"Yu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2015.12.367","article-title":"Otoprotective properties of 6\u03b1-methylprednisolone-loaded nanoparticles against cisplatin: in vitro and in vivo correlation","volume":"12","author":"Mart\u00edn-Salda\u00f1a","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nanomedicine."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199907001-00001","article-title":"Corticosteroid pharmacokinetics in the inner ear fluids: an animal study followed by clinical application","volume":"109","author":"Parnes","year":"1999","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2014.03.009","article-title":"Vitamin E-based nanomedicines for anti-cancer drug delivery","volume":"182","author":"Duhem","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Control Release."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1002\/mabi.201300141","article-title":"Self-assembling gradient copolymers of vinylimidazol and (acrylic)ibuprofen with anti-inflammatory and zinc chelating properties","volume":"13","author":"Su\u00e1rez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Macromol Biosci."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599815573702","article-title":"Assessment of the potential ototoxicity of high-dose celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, in rats","volume":"152","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2013.11.009","article-title":"pH-sensitive nano-systems for drug delivery in cancer therapy","volume":"232","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biotechnol Adv."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2017.02.019","article-title":"Polymeric nanoparticles loaded with dexamethasone or \u03b1-tocopheryl succinate to prevent cisplatin-induced ototoxicity","volume":"53","author":"Mart\u00edn-Salda\u00f1a","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684550","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.684550","article-title":"Vitamin E for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: a meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2019.04.003","article-title":"Dexamethasone-loaded chitosan-based genipin-cross-linked hydrogel for prevention of cisplatin induced ototoxicity in Guinea pig model","volume":"122","author":"Y\u00fcksel Aslier","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13397","article-title":"Genipin alleviates sepsis-induced liver injury by restoring autophagy","volume":"173","author":"Cho","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2009.11.003","article-title":"Use of the biodegradable polymer chitosan as a vehicle for applying drugs to the inner ear","volume":"39","author":"Saber","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Pharm Sci."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-020-00600-x","article-title":"Astaxanthin-loaded polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (ATX-LPN): assessment of potential otoprotective effects","volume":"18","author":"Gu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnology"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.3390\/md16040126","article-title":"Astaxanthin restrains nitrative-oxidative peroxidation in mitochondrial-mimetic liposomes: a pre-apoptosis model","volume":"16","author":"Mano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mar Drugs."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8091464","article-title":"Solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with glucocorticoids protect auditory cells from cisplatin-induced ototoxicity","volume":"8","author":"Cervantes","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Med."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2015.07.020","article-title":"Solid lipid nanoparticles for delivery of Calendula officinalis extract","volume":"135","author":"Arana","year":"2015","journal-title":"Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3115","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.0c01916","article-title":"Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of dexamethasone-salvianolic acid B conjugates and nanodrug delivery against cisplatin-induced hearing loss","volume":"64","author":"Ye","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Med Chem."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6883","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.15345","article-title":"Salvianolic acid B inhibits ototoxic drug-induced ototoxicity by suppression of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway","volume":"24","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/s10162-017-0648-2","article-title":"The development of a nano-based approach to alleviate cisplatin-induced ototoxicity","volume":"19","author":"Kayyali","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Assoc Res Otolaryngol."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2015.10.021","article-title":"Oxidative stress, free radicals and protein peroxides","volume":"595","author":"Gebicki","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys."},{"key":"B38","first-page":"513","article-title":"Intracellular GSH alterations and its relationship to level of resistance following exposure to cisplatin in cancer cells","volume":"14","author":"Jamali","year":"2015","journal-title":"Iran J Pharm Res"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1159\/000441833","article-title":"The sustained-exposure dexamethasone formulation OTO-104 offers effective protection against Cisplatin-induced hearing loss","volume":"21","author":"Fernandez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Audiol Neurootol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3567","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S77912","article-title":"A single dose of dexamethasone encapsulated in polyethylene glycol-coated polylactic acid nanoparticles attenuates cisplatin-induced hearing loss following round window membrane administration","volume":"10","author":"Sun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Nanomedicine."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2016.03.012","article-title":"Dexamethasone loaded nanoparticles exert protective effects against Cisplatin-induced hearing loss by systemic administration","volume":"619","author":"Sun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000000403","article-title":"Attenuation of cisplatin ototoxicity by otoprotective effects of nanoencapsulated curcumin and dexamethasone in a guinea pig model","volume":"35","author":"Salehi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2008.11.002","article-title":"Pharmacological basis for the role of curcumin in chronic diseases: an age-old spice with modern targets","volume":"30","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2010.04.062","article-title":"The in vitro stability and in vivo pharmacokinetics of curcumin prepared as an aqueous nanoparticulate formulation","volume":"31","author":"Mohanty","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biomaterials."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.180","article-title":"Preparation of N-succinyl-chitin nanoparticles and their applications in otoneurological pathology","volume":"120","author":"Petrova","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbabio.2014.03.013","article-title":"Unsuspected task for an old team: succinate, fumarate and other Krebs cycle acids in metabolic remodeling","volume":"1837","author":"B\u00e9nit","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.17116\/jnevro2014114121123-127","volume":"114","author":"Rassokhina","year":"2014","journal-title":"Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1021\/bm100109a","article-title":"Acetylation of chitin nanofibers and their transparent nanocomposite films","volume":"11","author":"Ifuku","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1007\/s10517-018-3990-4","article-title":"Potentiation of otoprotective effect of hydrocortisone immobilized on povidone nanoparticles under conditions of intravenous injection","volume":"164","author":"Panevin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bull Exp Biol Med."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1039\/C7BM01181D","article-title":"Novel SS-31 modified liposomes for improved protective efficacy of minocycline against drug-induced hearing loss","volume":"6","author":"Hou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomater Sci."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.07.058","article-title":"TMC1 and TMC2 localize at the site of mechanotransduction in mammalian inner ear hair cell stereocilia","volume":"12","author":"Kurima","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6589","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.12563","article-title":"Interaction of the antibiotic minocycline with liver mitochondria - role of membrane permeabilization in the impairment of respiration","volume":"280","author":"Sch\u00f6nfeld","year":"2013","journal-title":"FEBS J."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nano.2020.102329","article-title":"Intratympanic administration of alpha-lipoic acid-loaded pluronic F-127 nanoparticles ameliorates acute hearing loss","volume":"32","author":"Jung","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nanomedicine."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2017.01.042","article-title":"The effect of systemic lipoic acid on hearing preservation after cochlear implantation via the round window approach: a guinea pig model","volume":"799","author":"Chang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2018.04.038","article-title":"Optimized phospholipid-based nanoparticles for inner ear drug delivery and therapy","volume":"171","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomaterials."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2010.02.003","article-title":"Cell-specific targeting in the mouse inner ear using nanoparticles conjugated with a neurotrophin-derived peptide ligand: potential tool for drug delivery","volume":"390","author":"Roy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Pharm."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2041731418808455","DOI":"10.1177\/2041731418808455","article-title":"Auditory disorders and future therapies with delivery systems","volume":"9","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Tissue Eng."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2006.10.077","article-title":"Relationship between cisplatin administration and the development of ototoxicity","volume":"24","author":"Rademaker-Lakhai","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.219.177","article-title":"Cisplatin ototoxicity and protection: clinical and experimental studies","volume":"219","author":"Rybak","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tohoku J Exp Med."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2015.04.002","article-title":"Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide: an essential factor in preserving hearing in cisplatin-induced ototoxicity","volume":"326","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hear Res."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.3109\/00016480903311203","article-title":"Endogenous protection against oxidative stress caused by cisplatin: role of superoxide dismutase","volume":"130","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Garc\u00eda","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1692","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2009.080739","article-title":"Cochlear pericyte responses to acoustic trauma and the involvement of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor","volume":"174","author":"Shi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Pathol."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2017.00262","article-title":"d-Tubocurarine and berbamine: alkaloids that are permeant blockers of the hair cell's mechano-electrical transducer channel and protect from aminoglycoside toxicity","volume":"11","author":"Kirkwood","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215115003473","article-title":"Comparison of the protective effects of intratympanic dexamethasone and methylprednisolone against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity","volume":"130","author":"\u00d6zel","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0195230","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0195230","article-title":"Effects of dexamethasone on intracochlear inflammation and residual hearing after cochleostomy: a comparison of administration routes","volume":"13","author":"Lyu","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2017.11.032","article-title":"pH-sensitive polymeric nanoparticles with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties against cisplatin-induced hearing loss","volume":"270","author":"Mart\u00edn-Salda\u00f1a","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Control Release."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neurology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2022.912647\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,27]],"date-time":"2022-07-27T14:04:57Z","timestamp":1658930697000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2022.912647\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]]},"references-count":66,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fneur.2022.912647"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2022.912647","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2295"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2295","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]]},"article-number":"912647"}}