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Therefore, we performed a review of the literature from a PubMed search and recounted our understanding of PNSAH. In this review, we summarized that current high-resolution computed tomography angiography is an acceptable replacement for digital subtraction angiography to rule out aneurysms in PNSAH with strict criteria. The current hypothesis about the etiology of PNSAH is that there is deep vein rupture from aberrant venous anatomy and increased intracranial venous pressure. PNSAH is associated with mild symptoms and lower rates of hydrocephalus and symptomatic vasospasm. For PNSAH, conservative treatment has been the mainstream treatment. PNSAH has a benign clinical course and an excellent prognosis; in long-term follow-up, re-bleeding and death were uncommon.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.960702","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T05:27:50Z","timestamp":1662010070000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Current status of perimesencephalic non-aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Kun","family":"Hou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinlu","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1227\/01.neu.0000325865.22011.1f","article-title":"Yield of further diagnostic work-up of cryptogenic subarachnoid hemorrhage based on bleeding patterns on computed tomographic scans","volume":"62","author":"Andaluz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-021-02804-w","article-title":"Long-term global and focal cerebral atrophy in perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage-a case-control study","volume":"64","author":"Gama Lobo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuroradiology."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A7483","article-title":"Angiographically occult subarachnoid hemorrhage: yield of repeat angiography, influence of initial CT bleed pattern, and sources of diagnostic error in 242 consecutive patients","author":"Nguyen","year":"2022","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.35.4.493","article-title":"Perimesencephalic hemorrhage: a nonaneurysmal and benign form of subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"35","author":"van Gijn","year":"1985","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.117.019843","article-title":"Perimesencephalic hemorrhage: a review of epidemiology, risk factors, presumed cause, clinical course, and outcome","volume":"49","author":"Mensing","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stroke."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.5.JNS15161","article-title":"Increasing numbers of nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in the last 15 years: antithrombotic medication as reason and prognostic factor?","volume":"124","author":"Konczalla","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"B7","first-page":"829","article-title":"Nonaneurysmal perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage: CT and MR patterns that differ from aneurysmal rupture","volume":"12","author":"Rinkel","year":"1991","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1136\/neurintsurg-2015-011680","article-title":"Evaluation of an anatomic definition of non-aneurysmal perimesencephalic subarachnhoid hemorrhage","volume":"8","author":"Wallace","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurointerv Surg."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nic.2021.01.001","article-title":"Subarachnoid hemorrhage of unknown cause: distribution and role of imaging","volume":"31","author":"Larson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuroimaging Clin N Am."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2115","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.112.658880","article-title":"Time-dependent test characteristics of head computed tomography in patients suspected of nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"43","author":"Backes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stroke."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-3019(02)00634-1","article-title":"Perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: what is it?","volume":"57","author":"Ausman","year":"2002","journal-title":"what are we missing? 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