{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T14:26:44Z","timestamp":1788532004638,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]],"date-time":"2023-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The current standard for the pharmacological management of lumbar disk herniation (LDH), involving non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxants, and opioid analgesics, often carries a risk of adverse events. The search for alternative therapeutic options remains a vital objective, given the high prevalence of LDH and the critical impact on the quality of life. Shinbaro 2 is a clinically effective herbal acupuncture against inflammation and various musculoskeletal disorders. Therefore, we explored whether Shinbaro 2 exerts protective effects in an LDH rat model. The results showed that Shinbaro 2 suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, disk degeneration-related factors, matrix metalloproteinase-1,\u22123,\u22129, and ADAMTS-5 in LDH rats. Shinbaro 2 administration reinstated a behavioral activity to a normal level in the windmill test. The results indicated that Shinbaro 2 administration restored spinal cord morphology and functions in the LDH model. Therefore, Shinbaro 2 exerted a protective effect in LDH\n                    <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic>\n                    actions on inflammatory responses and disk degeneration, indicating that future research is warranted to assess the action mechanisms further and validate its effects.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1044724","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,9]],"date-time":"2023-03-09T23:44:30Z","timestamp":1678405470000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Effects of the administration of Shinbaro 2 in a rat lumbar disk herniation model"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Won Kyung","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joon-Shik","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinho","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wonil","family":"Koh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"In-Hyuk","family":"Ha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyen Joo","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Kook","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin Young","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1007\/s12178-017-9441-4","article-title":"Lumbar Disc Herniation","volume":"10","author":"Amin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-009-0032-y","article-title":"The evaluation of neuropathic components in low back pain","volume":"13","author":"Freynhagen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Pain Headache Rep."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"970752","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/970752","article-title":"Lumbar degenerative disc disease: current and future concepts of diagnosis and management","volume":"2012","author":"Taher","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv Orthop."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3109\/17453679309160105","article-title":"Pathophysiology of disc degeneration","volume":"251","author":"Holm","year":"1993","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand Suppl."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-018-1743-4","article-title":"The inflammatory response in the regression of lumbar disc herniation","volume":"20","author":"Cunha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199601010-00001","article-title":"Immunohistochemical study of matrix metalloproteinase-3 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 human intervertebral discs","volume":"21","author":"Kanemoto","year":"1996","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199705150-00003","article-title":"Toward a biochemical understanding of human intervertebral disc degeneration and herniation. 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