{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T12:44:46Z","timestamp":1765889086774,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]],"date-time":"2023-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with poor-grade subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) often require prolonged invasive mechanical ventilation due to prolonged time to obtain neurological recovery. Impairment of consciousness and airway protective mechanisms usually require tracheostomy during the ICU stay to facilitate weaning from sedation, promote neurological assessment, and reduce mechanical ventilation (MV) duration and associated complications. Percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) is the technique of choice for performing a tracheostomy. However, it could be associated with particular risks in neurocritical care patients, potentially increasing the risk of secondary brain damage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a single-center, prospective, observational study aimed to assess PDT-associated variations in main cerebral, hemodynamic, and respiratory variables, the occurrence of tracheostomy-related complications, and their relationship with outcomes in adult patients with SAH admitted to the ICU of a neurosurgery\/neurocritical care hub center after aneurysm control through clipping or coiling and undergoing early PDT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We observed a temporary increase in ICP during early PDT; this increase was statistically significant in patients presenting with higher therapy intensity level (TIL) at the time of the procedural. The episodes of intracranial hypertension were brief, and appeared mainly due to the activation of cerebral autoregulatory mechanisms in patients with impaired compensatory mechanisms and compliance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The low number of observed complications might be related to our organizational strategy, all based on a dedicated \u201ctracheo-team\u201d implementing both PDT following a strictly defined protocol and accurate follow-up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1105568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]],"date-time":"2023-03-27T06:01:45Z","timestamp":1679896905000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Impact of early percutaneous dilatative tracheostomy in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage on main cerebral, hemodynamic, and respiratory variables: A prospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Bini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emanuele","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta Velia","family":"Antonini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erika","family":"Pirini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Brunelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Zumbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giorgia","family":"Pronti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Rasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vanni","family":"Agnoletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000670","article-title":"Intracranial pressure after subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"43","author":"Zoerle","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21057","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000021057","article-title":"Characterization of tracheotomized patients after spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"99","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-021-01221-4","article-title":"Association of Dose of intracranial hypertension with outcome in subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"34","author":"Carra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000298898.38979.E3","article-title":"Secondary insults in subarachnoid hemorrhage: occurrence and impact on outcome and clinical deterioration","volume":"61","author":"Ryttlefors","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2429","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000001195","article-title":"The impact of tracheostomy timing on clinical outcome and adverse events in poor-grade subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"43","author":"Gessler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-018-0619-4","article-title":"The timing of tracheostomy and outcomes after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a Nationwide inpatient sample analysis","volume":"29","author":"Dasenbrock","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2464","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.010219","article-title":"High-resolution intracranial pressure burden and outcome in subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"46","author":"Magni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1988.68.6.0985","article-title":"Report of world Federation of Neurological Surgeons Committee on a universal subarachnoid hemorrhage grading scale","volume":"68","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1968.28.1.0014","article-title":"Surgical risk as related to time of intervention in the repair of intracranial aneurysms","volume":"28","author":"Hunt","year":"1968","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-022-06825-8","article-title":"Extubation in neurocritical care patients: the ENIO international prospective study","volume":"48","author":"Cinotti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000001379","article-title":"Extubation failure in brain-injured patients: risk factors and development of a prediction score in a preliminary prospective cohort study","volume":"126","author":"Godet","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000001725","article-title":"ATLANREA group. Extubation success prediction in a multicentric cohort of patients with severe brain injury","volume":"127","author":"Asehnoune","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-012-9709-x","article-title":"Effect of percutaneous tracheostomy on intracerebral pressure and perfusion pressure in patients with acute cerebral dysfunction (TIP trial): an observational study","volume":"17","author":"Kleffmann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD007271","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD007271.pub3","article-title":"Early versus late tracheostomy for critically ill patients","volume":"2018","author":"Andriolo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2397","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-020-06283-0","article-title":"Mechanical ventilation in patients with acute brain injury: recommendations of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine consensus","volume":"46","author":"Robba","year":"2020","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.112.669895","article-title":"Stroke-related early tracheostomy versus prolonged Orotracheal intubation in Neurocritical care trial (SETPOINT): a randomized pilot trial","volume":"44","author":"B\u00f6sel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-016-0297-z","article-title":"Effect of early versus late tracheostomy or prolonged intubation in critically ill patients with acute brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"26","author":"McCredie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-011-9615-7","article-title":"Impact of tracheostomy timing on outcome after severe head injury","volume":"15","author":"Rizk","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2013.09.008","article-title":"Tracheostomy timing affects stroke recovery","volume":"23","author":"Villwock","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-018-0596-7","article-title":"Predictors for tracheostomy with external validation of the stroke-related early tracheostomy score (SETscore)","volume":"30","author":"Alsherbini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.4103\/2152-7806.155757","article-title":"Clinical outcome and cost effectiveness of early tracheostomy in isolated severe head injury patients","volume":"6","author":"Siddiqui","year":"2015","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.08.013","article-title":"Timing and outcomes of tracheostomy in patients with hemorrhagic stroke","volume":"131","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.08.049","article-title":"Early tracheostomy in trauma patients saves time and money","volume":"46","author":"Hyde","year":"2015","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2514","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000001245","article-title":"Tracheostomy in poor-grade subarachnoid hemorrhage: if deemed necessary, You may want to perform it early","volume":"43","author":"Wolf","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlg.0000251585.31778.c9","article-title":"Meta-analysis comparison of open versus percutaneous tracheostomy","volume":"117","author":"Higgins","year":"2007","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R258","DOI":"10.1186\/cc13085","article-title":"Death after percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy: a systematic review and analysis of risk factors","volume":"17","author":"Simon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R55","DOI":"10.1186\/cc4887","article-title":"Percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy versus surgical tracheostomy in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Delaney","year":"2006","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2890","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31825bc948","article-title":"Tracheostomy practice in adults with acute respiratory failure","volume":"40","author":"Freeman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"488","article-title":"Techniques for performing tracheostomy","volume":"50","author":"Durbin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-014-0544-7","article-title":"Percutaneous and surgical tracheostomy in critically ill adult patients: a meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Putensen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-008-9174-8","article-title":"Safety and feasibility of percutaneous tracheostomy performed by neurointensivists","volume":"10","author":"Seder","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e31818f601b","article-title":"Intracranial pressure monitoring during percutaneous tracheostomy \"percutwist\" in critically ill neurosurgery patients","volume":"108","author":"Imperiale","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-008-0153-9","article-title":"Analysis of intracranial pressure changes during early versus late percutaneous tracheostomy in a neuro-intensive care unit","volume":"150","author":"Kocaeli","year":"","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0b013e3182587839","article-title":"Guidelines for the management of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association\/american Stroke Association","volume":"43","author":"Rabinstein","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-022-01651-8","article-title":"Intracranial pressure monitoring practice, treatment, and effect on outcome in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage","author":"Baggiani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340051324","article-title":"Early translaryngeal tracheostomy in patients with severe brain damage","volume":"26","author":"Stocchetti","year":"2000","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2015.07.007","article-title":"Impact of percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy in brain injured patients","volume":"137","author":"Kuechler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e31814693f2","article-title":"Percutaneous tracheostomy in neurosurgical patients with intracranial pressure monitoring is safe","volume":"65","author":"Milanchi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.281053","article-title":"World medical association declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects","volume":"310","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198001000-00001","article-title":"Relation of cerebral vasospasm to subarachnoid hemorrhage visualized by computerized tomographic scanning","volume":"6","author":"Fisher","year":"1980","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2010.1617","article-title":"Standardizing data collection in traumatic brain injury","volume":"28","author":"Maas","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2044.2002.02834.x","article-title":"Percutaneous tracheostomy with the blue rhino trade mark technique: presentation of 100 consecutive patients","volume":"57","author":"Fikkers","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1702\/3080.30723","article-title":"Il tracheo-team nella gestione della pressione endocranica durante tracheostomia dilatativa nel trauma cranico grave: l\u2019impatto di una checklist [the tracheo-team in the management of intracranic pressure during a dilatative tracheostomy in severe head trauma: the impact of a checklist]","volume":"37","author":"Portolani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Assist Inferm Ric"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.87.6.715","article-title":"Elective percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy. A new simple bedside procedure; preliminary report","volume":"87","author":"Ciaglia","year":"1985","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1007\/s001010050815","article-title":"Ciaglia blue rhino: Ein weiterentwickeltes Verfahren der perkutanen Dilatationstracheotomie. Technik und erste klinische Ergebnisse [Ciaglia blue rhino: a modified technique for percutaneous dilatation tracheostomy. Technique and early clinical results]","volume":"49","author":"Byhahn","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anaesthesist"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1850","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340000718","article-title":"Outcome of bedside percutaneous tracheostomy with bronchoscopic guidance","volume":"26","author":"Hinerman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5261","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd-19-4121","article-title":"State of the art: percutaneous tracheostomy in the intensive care unit","volume":"13","author":"Ghattas","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-019-0824-5","article-title":"Respiratory acidosis during bronchoscopy-guided percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy: impact of ventilator settings and endotracheal tube size","volume":"19","author":"Karagiannidis","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-016-0352-9","article-title":"Management of External Ventricular Drains after subarachnoid hemorrhage: a multi-istitutional survey","volume":"26","author":"Chung","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e5140","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000005140","article-title":"Effect of the drainage of cerebrospinal fluid in patients with aneurismal subaracnoid hemorrhage. A meta-analysis","volume":"95","author":"Qian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1177\/0885066618813073","article-title":"Management strategies for intracranial pressure crises in subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"35","author":"Ravishankar","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(75)92830-5","article-title":"Assessment of outcome after severe brain damage","volume":"305","author":"Jennett","year":"1975","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2014.07.013","article-title":"The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies","volume":"12","author":"von Elm","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-014-3242-7","article-title":"International guideline development for the determination of death","volume":"40","author":"Shemie","year":"2014","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1177\/1751143716647980","article-title":"A case for stopping the early withdrawal of life sustaining therapies in patients with devastating brain injuries","volume":"17","author":"Manara","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Intensive Care Soc"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2017.10.002","article-title":"Management of perceived devastating brain injury after hospital admission: a consensus statement from stakeholder professional organizations","volume":"120","author":"Harvey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-016-0308-0","article-title":"Risks of routinely clamping external ventricular drains dor intrahospital transport in neurocritically ill cerebrovascular patients","volume":"26","author":"Chaikittisilpa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e329","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000005367","article-title":"The RAISE score: a possible tool to better identify subarachnoid hemorrhage patients who might benefit from early tracheostomy?","volume":"50","author":"Colombo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105869","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2020.105869","article-title":"Factors influencing intracranial pressure (ICP) during percutaneous tracheostomy","volume":"195","author":"Kleffmann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1097\/00000539-200301000-00046","article-title":"PercuTwist: a new single-dilator technique for percutaneous tracheostomy","volume":"96","author":"Westphal","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"ref61","first-page":"543","article-title":"A simple percutaneous tracheostomy technique","volume":"170","author":"Griggs","year":"1990","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.447","article-title":"Early vs late tracheotomy for prevention of pneumonia in mechanically ventilated adult ICU patients: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"303","author":"Terragni","year":"2010","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2121","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.5154","article-title":"Effect of early vs late tracheostomy placement on survival in patients receiving mechanical ventilation: the TracMan randomized trial","volume":"309","author":"Young","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.4798","article-title":"Effect of early vs standard approach to tracheostomy on functional outcome at 6 months among patients with severe stroke receiving mechanical ventilation: the SETPOINT2 randomized clinical trial","volume":"327","author":"B\u00f6sel","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-015-1138-8","article-title":"Timing of tracheotomy in ICU patients: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"19","author":"Hosokawa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/s40560-022-00610-x","article-title":"Association between early tracheostomy and patient outcomes in critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation: a multicenter cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Tanaka","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Intensive Care"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2638","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.117.017794","article-title":"Use and timing of tracheostomy after severe stroke","volume":"48","author":"B\u00f6sel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeq238","article-title":"Percutaneous tracheostomy: a 6 yr prospective evaluation of the single tapered dilator technique","volume":"105","author":"Dempsey","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-015-3806-1","article-title":"Visualizing the pressure and time burden of intracranial hypertension in adult and paediatric traumatic brain injury","volume":"41","author":"G\u00fciza","year":"2015","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neurology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2023.1105568\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]],"date-time":"2023-03-27T06:01:50Z","timestamp":1679896910000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2023.1105568\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]]},"references-count":69,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fneur.2023.1105568"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2023.1105568","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2295"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1664-2295"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]]},"article-number":"1105568"}}