{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T23:04:26Z","timestamp":1771023866997,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]],"date-time":"2023-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Post-neurosurgical bacterial meningitis (PNBM) is a serious complication for patients who receive neurosurgical treatment, but the diagnosis is difficult given the complicated microenvironment orchestrated by sterile brain injury and pathogenic infection. In this study, we explored potential diagnostic biomarkers and immunological features using a proteomics platform.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 31 patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) who received neurosurgical treatment were recruited for this study. Among them, 15 were diagnosed with PNBM. The remaining 16 patients were categorized into the non-PNBM group. Proteomics analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was conducted on the Olink platform, which contained 92 immunity-related molecules.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found that the expressions of 27 CSF proteins were significantly different between the PNBM and non-PNBM groups. Of those 27 proteins, 15 proteins were upregulated and 12 were downregulated in the CSF of the PNBM group. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that three proteins (pleiotrophin, CD27, and angiopoietin 1) had high diagnostic accuracy for PNBM. Furthermore, we also performed bioinformatics analysis to explore potential pathways and the subcellular localization of the proteins.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In summary, we found a cohort of immunity-related molecules that can serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers for PNBM in patients with aSAH. These molecules also provide an immunological profile of PNBM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1166598","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]],"date-time":"2023-06-20T10:17:07Z","timestamp":1687256227000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Diagnosis of post-neurosurgical bacterial meningitis in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage based on the immunity-related proteomics signature of the cerebrospinal fluid"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Liang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pingping","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ziao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuefei","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liao","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaojian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongwei","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2017.05.013","article-title":"Management of post-neurosurgical meningitis: narrative review","volume":"23","author":"Hussein","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01808684","article-title":"Infections in neurosurgery: a retrospective study of 1143 patients and 1517 operations","volume":"78","author":"Blomstedt","year":"1985","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2017.03.026","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of routine blood examinations and CSF lactate level for post-neurosurgical bacterial meningitis","volume":"59","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9185.137261","article-title":"Principles of neuroanesthesia in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage","volume":"30","author":"Kundra","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-26","article-title":"Accuracy of real-time PCR, gram stain and culture for Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis and Haemophilus influenzae meningitis diagnosis","volume":"13","author":"Wu","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2012.05.040","article-title":"Can broad-range 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene polymerase chain reactions improve the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis? 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