{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T02:03:36Z","timestamp":1793325816215,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]],"date-time":"2023-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Neurol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The intracranial vertebrobasilar artery system has a unique hemodynamic pattern (vessel trunk converged bilateral flow with three groups of perforators directly arising from it), is embedded within intense osseous constraints, and is located far from conventional donor vessels. Two major traditional modalities of posterior circulation revascularization encompass the superficial temporal artery to the superior cerebellar artery and the occipital artery to the posteroinferior cerebellar artery anastomosis, which are extracranial-intracranial low-flow bypass with donor arteries belonging to the anterior circulation and mainly supply focal perforators and distal vascular territories. As our understanding of flow hemodynamics has improved, the extracranial vertebral artery-related bypass has further evolved to improve the cerebral revascularization system. In this article, we propose the concept of \u201cvascular reconstruction related to the extracranial vertebral artery\u201d and review the design philosophy of the available innovative modalities in the respective segments. V1 transposition overcomes the issue of high rates of in-stent restenosis and provides a durable complementary alternative to endovascular treatment. V2 bypass serves as an extracranial communication pathway between the anterior and posterior circulation, providing the advantages of high-flow, short interposition grafts, orthograde flow in the vertebrobasilar system, and avoiding complex skull base manipulation. V3 bypass is characterized by profound and simultaneous vascular reconstruction of the posterior circulation, which is achieved by intracranial-intracranial or multiple bypasses in conjunction with skull base techniques. These posterior circulation vessels not only play a pivotal role in the bypass modalities designed for vertebrobasilar lesions but can also be implemented to revascularize the anterior circulation, thereby becoming a systematic methodology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1202257","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]],"date-time":"2023-06-14T05:23:21Z","timestamp":1686720201000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Vascular reconstruction related to the extracranial vertebral artery: the presentation of the concept and the basis for the establishment of the bypass system"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Xuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoguang","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1982.56.6.0766","article-title":"Posterior circulation revascularization Superficial temporal artery to superior cerebellar artery anastomosis","volume":"56","author":"Ausman","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Neurosurg."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1990.72.4.0554","article-title":"Superficial temporal and occipital artery bypass pedicles to superior, anterior inferior, and posterior inferior cerebellar arteries for vertebrobasilar insufficiency","volume":"72","author":"Ausman","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Neurosurg."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2018.02.158","article-title":"The history and evolution of internal maxillary artery bypass","volume":"113","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"key":"B4","article-title":"Extracranial vertebral artery diseases","author":"Alaraj","year":"2023","journal-title":"Youmans & Winn Neurological Surgery"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1053\/otns.2001.30168","article-title":"Vertebral artery: surgical anatomy","volume":"4","author":"George","year":"2001","journal-title":"Oper Tech Neurosurg."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-3019(95)00033-x","article-title":"Microsurgical anatomy of the atlantal part of the vertebral artery","volume":"44","author":"Abd el-Bary","year":"1995","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1053\/otns.2001.30169","article-title":"Surgical exposure of the vertebral artery","volume":"4","author":"George","year":"2001","journal-title":"Oper Tech Neurosurg."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1984.61.5.0874","article-title":"de los Reyes RA, Pearce J, Shrontz C, Pak H, Turcotte J. Surgical reconstruction of the proximal vertebral artery","volume":"61","author":"Diaz","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Neurosurg."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000347099.17437.64","article-title":"Microsurgical revascularization of proximal vertebral artery: a single-center, single-operator analysis","volume":"64","author":"Hanel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurosurgery."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.9.JNS14194","article-title":"Vertebral artery transposition for revascularization of the posterior circulation: a critical assessment of temporary and permanent complications and outcomes","volume":"122","author":"Rangel-Castilla","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurosurg."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S102","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000218","article-title":"Advances and innovations in revascularization of extracranial vertebral artery","volume":"74","author":"Brasiliense","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosurgery."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1227\/01.neu.0000079494.87390.28","article-title":"reappraisal of angioplasty and stenting for the treatment of vertebral origin stenosis","volume":"53","author":"Albuquerque","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurosurgery."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000128708.86762.d6","article-title":"Stenting of symptomatic atherosclerotic lesions in the vertebral or intracranial arteries (SSYLVIA): study results","volume":"35","author":"SSYLVIA","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/s0741-5214(00)70063-2","article-title":"Surgical reconstruction of the extracranial vertebral artery: management and outcome","volume":"31","author":"Berguer","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000204650.35289.3E","article-title":"Anterolateral approach to the V1 segment of the vertebral artery","volume":"58","author":"Bruneau","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E32","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opz363","article-title":"Exposure of the V1 segment of the vertebral artery: stepwise cadaveric surgical simulation","volume":"19","author":"Tayebi Meybodi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oper Neurosurg."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1227\/01.neu.0000156797.07395.15","article-title":"3rd, Blount JP, Oakes WJ. The triangle of the vertebral artery","volume":"56","author":"Tubbs","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosurgery."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2018.03.038","article-title":"Results of subclavian to carotid artery bypass for occlusive disease of the common carotid artery: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"53","author":"Illuminati","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Surg."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2015.10.098","article-title":"Resection of recurrent neck cancer with carotid artery replacement","volume":"63","author":"Illuminati","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1987.66.5.0648","article-title":"Vertebrobasilar insufficiency. Part 1: Microsurgical treatment of extracranial vertebrobasilar disease","volume":"66","author":"Spetzler","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Neurosurg."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1227\/01.neu.0000176414.58086.2b","article-title":"Anterolateral approach to the V2 segment of the vertebral artery","volume":"57","author":"Bruneau","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosurgery."},{"key":"B22","first-page":"33","article-title":"External carotid-vertebral artery anastomosis for vertebrobasilar insufficiency","volume":"6","author":"Gerke","year":"1985","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2014.02.034","article-title":"Bypass using V2-V3 segment of the vertebral artery as donor or recipient: technical nuances and results","volume":"82","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1177\/155005947800900302","article-title":"Carotid distal vertebral bypass for carotid occlusion: case report and technique","volume":"9","author":"Carney","year":"1978","journal-title":"Clin Electroencephalogr."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2007.07.073","article-title":"Symptomatic occlusion at the origin of the vertebral artery treated using external carotid artery-cervical vertebral artery bypass with interposed saphenous vein graft","volume":"69","author":"Kakino","year":"2008","journal-title":"Surg Neurol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1984.60.1.0187","article-title":"Carotid to distal vertebral artery bypass for vertebrobasilar ischemia","volume":"60","author":"Camp","year":"1984","journal-title":"Case report J Neurosurg."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E8","DOI":"10.3171\/2018.11.FOCUS18360","article-title":"Carotid-vertebral artery bypass with saphenous vein graft for symptomatic vertebrobasilar insufficiency","volume":"46","author":"Duan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1093\/ons\/opy143","article-title":"Occipital artery to extradural vertebral artery bypass for posterior circulation ischemia","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oper Neurosurg."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1007\/s007010050356","article-title":"Vertebral artery to common carotid artery bypass in Takayasu's disease with delayed cerebral ischemia","volume":"141","author":"Ziyal","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.04.104","article-title":"Vertebral-carotid bypass for common carotid artery occlusion","volume":"78","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E202","DOI":"10.1227\/01.neu.0000144492.42325.34","article-title":"Use of \u201cbonnet\u201d bypass with radial artery interposition graft in a patient with recurrent cranial base carcinoma: technical report of two cases and review of the literature","volume":"56","author":"Deshmukh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosurgery."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e318241374b","article-title":"Extracranial carotid-vertebral bypass for endovascular access to complex posterior circulation aneurysms: a novel management approach","volume":"70","author":"Chwajol","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurosurgery."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.4.JNS163195","article-title":"The V3 segment of the vertebral artery as a robust donor for intracranial-to-intracranial interpositional bypasses: technique and application in 5 patients","volume":"129","author":"Tayebi Meybodi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurosurg."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000001173","article-title":"Early localization of the third segment of the vertebral artery: the atlanto-mastoid line","volume":"12","author":"Meybodi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oper Neurosurg."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-009-0360-z","article-title":"Simple identification of the third segment of the extracranial vertebral artery by extreme lateral inferior transcondylar-transtubercular exposure (ELITE)","volume":"151","author":"Wanibuchi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.11.SPINE171068","article-title":"The subatlantic triangle: gateway to early localization of the atlantoaxial vertebral artery","volume":"29","author":"Tayebi Meybodi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1997.86.2.0252","article-title":"The suboccipital cavernous sinus","volume":"86","author":"Arnautovi\u0107","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Neurosurg."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e3181f741f7","article-title":"Interfascial technique for vertebral artery exposure in the suboccipital triangle: the road map","volume":"67","author":"Youssef","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.3109\/02688697.2015.1004300","article-title":"Occipital artery-to-posterior inferior cerebellar artery anastomosis with multiple-layer dissection of suboccipital muscles under a reverse C-shaped skin incision","volume":"29","author":"Katsuno","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Neurosurg."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2013.09.015","article-title":"A safe and effective technique for harvesting the occipital artery for posterior fossa bypass surgery: a cadaveric study","volume":"82","author":"Fukuda","year":"2014","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S195","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-200009001-00020","article-title":"The far-lateral approach and its transcondylar, supracondylar, and paracondylar extensions","volume":"47","author":"Rhoton","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurosurgery."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1985.63.4.0622","article-title":"Occipital artery to extradural vertebral artery bypass procedure","volume":"63","author":"Hadley","year":"1985","journal-title":"Case report J Neurosurg."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1995.82.1.0137","article-title":"Treatment of vertebral artery dissecting aneurysm by aneurysm trapping and posterior inferior cerebellar artery reimplantation","volume":"82","author":"Durward","year":"1995","journal-title":"Case report J Neurosurg."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.5.JNS091435","article-title":"Vertebral artery-posterior inferior cerebellar artery bypass using a radial artery graft for hemorrhagic dissecting vertebral artery aneurysms: surgical technique and report of 2 cases","volume":"114","author":"Czabanka","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurosurg."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2002.96.5.0867","article-title":"Vertebral artery-posterior inferior cerebellar artery bypass with a superficial temporal artery graft to treat aneurysms involving the posterior inferior cerebellar artery","volume":"96","author":"Hamada","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurosurg."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000220034.08995.37","article-title":"Treatment of a partially thrombosed giant aneurysm of the vertebral artery by aneurysm trapping and direct vertebral artery-posterior inferior cerebellar artery end-to-end anastomosis: technical case report","volume":"59","author":"Benes","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000348557.11968.F1","article-title":"Bypass surgery for complex brain aneurysms: an assessment of intracranial-intracranial bypass","volume":"65","author":"Sanai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurosurgery."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1227\/01.neu.0000140822.64362.c6","article-title":"Bypass grafting and revascularization in the management of posterior circulation aneurysms","volume":"55","author":"Evans","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurosurgery."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-013-1656-6","article-title":"Surgical management of vertebral and basilar artery aneurysms: a single center experience in 41 patients","volume":"155","author":"Shi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2013.02.028","article-title":"Cerebral revascularization for difficult skull base tumors: a contemporary series of 18 patients","volume":"82","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4377-1785-3.00027-X","article-title":"Surgical revascularization of the posterior circulation. in","author":"Sekhar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cerebral Revascularization: Techniques in Extracranial-to-Intracranial Bypass Surgery"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2004.05.041","article-title":"Vascular reconstruction using interposition of saphenous vein graft for symptomatic stenosis at the extradural-intradural junction of the vertebral artery","volume":"63","author":"Kakino","year":"2005","journal-title":"Case report Surg Neurol."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.cr.2012-0216","article-title":"Usefulness of V3-radial artery graft-V4 bypass in bilateral fusiform aneurysms of vertebral artery: case report","volume":"54","author":"Saito","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurol Med Chir."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.V1.FOCUS14465","article-title":"Trapping and V3-radial artery graft-V4 bypass for ruptured dissecting aneurysm of the vertebral artery","volume":"38","author":"Inoue","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2013.01.025","article-title":"Vertebral artery-to-vertebral artery bypass with interposed radial artery or occipital artery grafts: surgical technique and report of three cases","volume":"81","author":"Kubota","year":"2014","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1007\/s00701-013-1715-z","article-title":"Reconstruction of intracranial vertebral artery with radial artery and occipital artery grafts for fusiform intracranial vertebral aneurysm not amenable to endovascular treatment: technical note","volume":"155","author":"Kubota","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2004.100.6.1072","article-title":"Successful treatment of a ruptured dissecting basilar artery aneurysm. Case report","volume":"100","author":"Kai","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/01.neu.0000326015.76692.3d","article-title":"The petrosal approach for the resection of retrochiasmatic craniopharyngiomas","volume":"62","author":"Al-Mefty","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e31827bf2d8","article-title":"Flow diversion radial artery bypass graft coupled with terminal basilar artery occlusion for the treatment of complex basilar apex aneurysms: operative nuances","volume":"72","author":"Mai","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000001175","article-title":"Bypass surgery for the treatment of dolichoectatic basilar trunk aneurysms: a work in progress","volume":"79","author":"Lawton","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosurgery."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01850867","article-title":"Treatment of dissecting basilar artery aneurysm by flow reversal","volume":"139","author":"Amin-Hanjani","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1179\/016164107X217392","article-title":"Giant thrombosed fusiform aneurysm at the basilar trunk successfully treated with endovascular coil occlusion following bypass surgery: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"29","author":"Horie","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurol Res."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-015-0686-3","article-title":"Management strategy for bilateral complex vertebral artery aneurysms","volume":"39","author":"Saito","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.8.JNS15362","article-title":"Radical treatment for bilateral vertebral artery dissecting aneurysms by reconstruction of the vertebral artery","volume":"125","author":"Ota","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurosurg."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e3181fa325b","article-title":"Extracranial posterior communicating artery bypass for revascularization of patients with common carotid artery occlusion","volume":"67","author":"Schneider","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurosurgery."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1159","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000157930.87088.C4","article-title":"Vertebral artery-to-middle cerebral artery bypass with coil embolization of giant internal carotid artery aneurysm: technical case report","volume":"56","author":"Miele","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosurgery."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1996.85.5.0976","article-title":"Extracranial-intracranial high-flow bypass using the radial artery between the vertebral and middle cerebral arteries","volume":"85","author":"Hadeishi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Technical note J Neurosurg."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Neurology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2023.1202257\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]],"date-time":"2023-06-14T05:23:24Z","timestamp":1686720204000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2023.1202257\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]]},"references-count":67,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fneur.2023.1202257"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2023.1202257","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2295"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2295","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]]},"article-number":"1202257"}}